Small Deviations in Geometries Affect Detonation Velocities and Pressures of Nitroaromatic Molecules

Understanding the factors that affect the detonation performance of high-energy molecules (HEMs) is crucial for the design of novel explosives and fuels with desirable characteristics. While molecular factors, such as the presence of specific functional groups that give organic molecules explosive p...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Danijela S. Kretić, Marija I. Maslarević, Dušan Ž. Veljković
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Organics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-401X/6/2/17
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849431369576349696
author Danijela S. Kretić
Marija I. Maslarević
Dušan Ž. Veljković
author_facet Danijela S. Kretić
Marija I. Maslarević
Dušan Ž. Veljković
author_sort Danijela S. Kretić
collection DOAJ
description Understanding the factors that affect the detonation performance of high-energy molecules (HEMs) is crucial for the design of novel explosives and fuels with desirable characteristics. While molecular factors, such as the presence of specific functional groups that give organic molecules explosive properties, are key determinants of detonation characteristics, other factors like the geometry of molecules in crystal structures can also affect the high-energy properties of materials. Although it is known that slight deviations in the crystal structure geometry affect the sensitivity of nitroaromatic explosives, the influence of these variations on detonation performance remains unknown. In this study, we extracted different crystal structures of the same high-energy nitroaromatic molecules from the Cambridge Structural Database and calculated their detonation velocities and pressures using the Kamlet–Jacobs equations. Results indicated that different geometries of the same crystal structure can lead to non-negligible differences in detonation velocities and pressures. In the case of the 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene molecule, discrepancies in detonation pressures among different crystal structures were calculated to be 7.68%. Analysis of geometrical arrangements showed that these differences are mainly the consequence of diverse non-covalent bonding patterns that affect crystal densities.
format Article
id doaj-art-6eab5341dfb449ea9889b68194cc05ed
institution Kabale University
issn 2673-401X
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Organics
spelling doaj-art-6eab5341dfb449ea9889b68194cc05ed2025-08-20T03:27:40ZengMDPI AGOrganics2673-401X2025-04-01621710.3390/org6020017Small Deviations in Geometries Affect Detonation Velocities and Pressures of Nitroaromatic MoleculesDanijela S. Kretić0Marija I. Maslarević1Dušan Ž. Veljković2University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12–16, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12–16, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12–16, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaUnderstanding the factors that affect the detonation performance of high-energy molecules (HEMs) is crucial for the design of novel explosives and fuels with desirable characteristics. While molecular factors, such as the presence of specific functional groups that give organic molecules explosive properties, are key determinants of detonation characteristics, other factors like the geometry of molecules in crystal structures can also affect the high-energy properties of materials. Although it is known that slight deviations in the crystal structure geometry affect the sensitivity of nitroaromatic explosives, the influence of these variations on detonation performance remains unknown. In this study, we extracted different crystal structures of the same high-energy nitroaromatic molecules from the Cambridge Structural Database and calculated their detonation velocities and pressures using the Kamlet–Jacobs equations. Results indicated that different geometries of the same crystal structure can lead to non-negligible differences in detonation velocities and pressures. In the case of the 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene molecule, discrepancies in detonation pressures among different crystal structures were calculated to be 7.68%. Analysis of geometrical arrangements showed that these differences are mainly the consequence of diverse non-covalent bonding patterns that affect crystal densities.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-401X/6/2/17crystal structureshigh-energy materialCambridge Structural Databasedetonation velocitydetonation pressure
spellingShingle Danijela S. Kretić
Marija I. Maslarević
Dušan Ž. Veljković
Small Deviations in Geometries Affect Detonation Velocities and Pressures of Nitroaromatic Molecules
Organics
crystal structures
high-energy material
Cambridge Structural Database
detonation velocity
detonation pressure
title Small Deviations in Geometries Affect Detonation Velocities and Pressures of Nitroaromatic Molecules
title_full Small Deviations in Geometries Affect Detonation Velocities and Pressures of Nitroaromatic Molecules
title_fullStr Small Deviations in Geometries Affect Detonation Velocities and Pressures of Nitroaromatic Molecules
title_full_unstemmed Small Deviations in Geometries Affect Detonation Velocities and Pressures of Nitroaromatic Molecules
title_short Small Deviations in Geometries Affect Detonation Velocities and Pressures of Nitroaromatic Molecules
title_sort small deviations in geometries affect detonation velocities and pressures of nitroaromatic molecules
topic crystal structures
high-energy material
Cambridge Structural Database
detonation velocity
detonation pressure
url https://www.mdpi.com/2673-401X/6/2/17
work_keys_str_mv AT danijelaskretic smalldeviationsingeometriesaffectdetonationvelocitiesandpressuresofnitroaromaticmolecules
AT marijaimaslarevic smalldeviationsingeometriesaffectdetonationvelocitiesandpressuresofnitroaromaticmolecules
AT dusanzveljkovic smalldeviationsingeometriesaffectdetonationvelocitiesandpressuresofnitroaromaticmolecules