Cave adaptation favors aging resilience in the Mexican tetra

Abstract All animals age, but the rate of aging across species varies widely. The environmental pressures and molecular factors underlying this remarkable diversity in aging across species remains largely enigmatic. The Mexican tetra, Astyanax mexicanus, provides an intriguing new model to study how...

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Main Authors: Ansa E. Cobham, Alexander Kenzior, Pedro Morales-Sosa, Jose Emmanuel Javier, Selene Swanson, Christopher Wood, Nicolas Rohner
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-08-01
Series:npj Metabolic Health and Disease
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s44324-025-00069-y
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author Ansa E. Cobham
Alexander Kenzior
Pedro Morales-Sosa
Jose Emmanuel Javier
Selene Swanson
Christopher Wood
Nicolas Rohner
author_facet Ansa E. Cobham
Alexander Kenzior
Pedro Morales-Sosa
Jose Emmanuel Javier
Selene Swanson
Christopher Wood
Nicolas Rohner
author_sort Ansa E. Cobham
collection DOAJ
description Abstract All animals age, but the rate of aging across species varies widely. The environmental pressures and molecular factors underlying this remarkable diversity in aging across species remains largely enigmatic. The Mexican tetra, Astyanax mexicanus, provides an intriguing new model to study how adaptation to different environments alter aging. This species exists as the river-dwelling surface fish, living in food and light rich environments, and the blind cave-adapted cavefish, thriving in dark, nutrient-limited, caves. How adaption to these extreme environments alter aging in this species remains unknown. Here, we compared aging markers between surface and cavefish populations, focusing on morphological, behavioral changes, and molecular signatures. We found aging markers were more pronounced in surface fish, but less distinct in aged cavefish. We also observed that insulin receptor mutation is limited in its impact to increase lifespan in cavefish. Instead, metabolic shifts, particularly in mitochondrial function, may contribute to cavefish’s extended longevity.
format Article
id doaj-art-6e7fd196e10a4f94b93e6742e7fe397c
institution Kabale University
issn 2948-2828
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series npj Metabolic Health and Disease
spelling doaj-art-6e7fd196e10a4f94b93e6742e7fe397c2025-08-20T03:45:45ZengNature Portfolionpj Metabolic Health and Disease2948-28282025-08-01311910.1038/s44324-025-00069-yCave adaptation favors aging resilience in the Mexican tetraAnsa E. Cobham0Alexander Kenzior1Pedro Morales-Sosa2Jose Emmanuel Javier3Selene Swanson4Christopher Wood5Nicolas Rohner6Stowers Institute for Medical ResearchStowers Institute for Medical ResearchStowers Institute for Medical ResearchStowers Institute for Medical ResearchStowers Institute for Medical ResearchStowers Institute for Medical ResearchStowers Institute for Medical ResearchAbstract All animals age, but the rate of aging across species varies widely. The environmental pressures and molecular factors underlying this remarkable diversity in aging across species remains largely enigmatic. The Mexican tetra, Astyanax mexicanus, provides an intriguing new model to study how adaptation to different environments alter aging. This species exists as the river-dwelling surface fish, living in food and light rich environments, and the blind cave-adapted cavefish, thriving in dark, nutrient-limited, caves. How adaption to these extreme environments alter aging in this species remains unknown. Here, we compared aging markers between surface and cavefish populations, focusing on morphological, behavioral changes, and molecular signatures. We found aging markers were more pronounced in surface fish, but less distinct in aged cavefish. We also observed that insulin receptor mutation is limited in its impact to increase lifespan in cavefish. Instead, metabolic shifts, particularly in mitochondrial function, may contribute to cavefish’s extended longevity.https://doi.org/10.1038/s44324-025-00069-y
spellingShingle Ansa E. Cobham
Alexander Kenzior
Pedro Morales-Sosa
Jose Emmanuel Javier
Selene Swanson
Christopher Wood
Nicolas Rohner
Cave adaptation favors aging resilience in the Mexican tetra
npj Metabolic Health and Disease
title Cave adaptation favors aging resilience in the Mexican tetra
title_full Cave adaptation favors aging resilience in the Mexican tetra
title_fullStr Cave adaptation favors aging resilience in the Mexican tetra
title_full_unstemmed Cave adaptation favors aging resilience in the Mexican tetra
title_short Cave adaptation favors aging resilience in the Mexican tetra
title_sort cave adaptation favors aging resilience in the mexican tetra
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s44324-025-00069-y
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