Phenolic Rich Fractions from Mycelium and Fruiting Body of Ganoderma lucidum Inhibit Bacterial Pathogens Mediated by Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Protein Leakage and Modulate Hypoxic Stress in HEK 293 Cell Line
Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) fungus (Family Ganodermataceae) is widely used as a traditional medicine in China, Japan, and many Asian countries on account of its numerous medicinal properties such as antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, energy enhancing, and immunostimulatory. This broad spectr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Advances in Pharmacological Sciences |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6285615 |
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| author | Jigni Mishra Anivesh Joshi Rakhee Rajput Kaushlesh Singh Anju Bansal Kshipra Misra |
| author_facet | Jigni Mishra Anivesh Joshi Rakhee Rajput Kaushlesh Singh Anju Bansal Kshipra Misra |
| author_sort | Jigni Mishra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) fungus (Family Ganodermataceae) is widely used as a traditional medicine in China, Japan, and many Asian countries on account of its numerous medicinal properties such as antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, energy enhancing, and immunostimulatory. This broad spectrum of therapeutic effects exhibited by G. lucidum is ascribed to its abundance in several classes of chemical constituents, namely, carbohydrates, flavonoids, minerals, phenolics, proteins, and steroids which possess substantial bioactivities. The aim of the current study was to prepare phenolic rich fractions (PRFs) from aqueous extract of the Indian variety of G. lucidum mycelium and fruiting body. These fractions were assessed for their antioxidant capacity by TPC (total phenolic content), TFC (total flavonoid content), FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power), and ABTS [2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid] assays. Quantification of flavonoids and nucleobases present in the fractions was carried out by high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). The antibacterial activity of the fractions was evaluated against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, and Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial mechanism of action of the PRFs was established to be generation of reactive oxygen species and leakage of proteins within bacterial cells. Additionally, the protective effect of the PRFs in counteracting hypoxia was observed in HEK 293 cell lines. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6e4dba3bd67d4dfb82f0f3e332188a43 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1687-6334 1687-6342 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Advances in Pharmacological Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-6e4dba3bd67d4dfb82f0f3e332188a432025-08-20T02:06:28ZengWileyAdvances in Pharmacological Sciences1687-63341687-63422018-01-01201810.1155/2018/62856156285615Phenolic Rich Fractions from Mycelium and Fruiting Body of Ganoderma lucidum Inhibit Bacterial Pathogens Mediated by Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Protein Leakage and Modulate Hypoxic Stress in HEK 293 Cell LineJigni Mishra0Anivesh Joshi1Rakhee Rajput2Kaushlesh Singh3Anju Bansal4Kshipra Misra5Defense Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi 110054, IndiaDefense Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi 110054, IndiaDefense Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi 110054, IndiaDefense Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi 110054, IndiaDefense Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi 110054, IndiaDefense Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi 110054, IndiaGanoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) fungus (Family Ganodermataceae) is widely used as a traditional medicine in China, Japan, and many Asian countries on account of its numerous medicinal properties such as antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, energy enhancing, and immunostimulatory. This broad spectrum of therapeutic effects exhibited by G. lucidum is ascribed to its abundance in several classes of chemical constituents, namely, carbohydrates, flavonoids, minerals, phenolics, proteins, and steroids which possess substantial bioactivities. The aim of the current study was to prepare phenolic rich fractions (PRFs) from aqueous extract of the Indian variety of G. lucidum mycelium and fruiting body. These fractions were assessed for their antioxidant capacity by TPC (total phenolic content), TFC (total flavonoid content), FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power), and ABTS [2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid] assays. Quantification of flavonoids and nucleobases present in the fractions was carried out by high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). The antibacterial activity of the fractions was evaluated against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, and Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial mechanism of action of the PRFs was established to be generation of reactive oxygen species and leakage of proteins within bacterial cells. Additionally, the protective effect of the PRFs in counteracting hypoxia was observed in HEK 293 cell lines.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6285615 |
| spellingShingle | Jigni Mishra Anivesh Joshi Rakhee Rajput Kaushlesh Singh Anju Bansal Kshipra Misra Phenolic Rich Fractions from Mycelium and Fruiting Body of Ganoderma lucidum Inhibit Bacterial Pathogens Mediated by Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Protein Leakage and Modulate Hypoxic Stress in HEK 293 Cell Line Advances in Pharmacological Sciences |
| title | Phenolic Rich Fractions from Mycelium and Fruiting Body of Ganoderma lucidum Inhibit Bacterial Pathogens Mediated by Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Protein Leakage and Modulate Hypoxic Stress in HEK 293 Cell Line |
| title_full | Phenolic Rich Fractions from Mycelium and Fruiting Body of Ganoderma lucidum Inhibit Bacterial Pathogens Mediated by Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Protein Leakage and Modulate Hypoxic Stress in HEK 293 Cell Line |
| title_fullStr | Phenolic Rich Fractions from Mycelium and Fruiting Body of Ganoderma lucidum Inhibit Bacterial Pathogens Mediated by Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Protein Leakage and Modulate Hypoxic Stress in HEK 293 Cell Line |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phenolic Rich Fractions from Mycelium and Fruiting Body of Ganoderma lucidum Inhibit Bacterial Pathogens Mediated by Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Protein Leakage and Modulate Hypoxic Stress in HEK 293 Cell Line |
| title_short | Phenolic Rich Fractions from Mycelium and Fruiting Body of Ganoderma lucidum Inhibit Bacterial Pathogens Mediated by Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Protein Leakage and Modulate Hypoxic Stress in HEK 293 Cell Line |
| title_sort | phenolic rich fractions from mycelium and fruiting body of ganoderma lucidum inhibit bacterial pathogens mediated by generation of reactive oxygen species and protein leakage and modulate hypoxic stress in hek 293 cell line |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6285615 |
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