Psychometric properties of the Arabic emotional and behavioral reaction to intrusions questionnaire among sample of Arabic speaking adults
Abstract Background Intrusive “thoughts” represent undesirable cognitive activity that can cause distress, and occurs in individuals with and without psychological disorders. In order to deal with unwanted intrusive thoughts, individuals might consciously attempt to halt the flow of these cognitions...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-02-01
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| author | Emmanuelle Awad Diana Malaeb Amthal Alhuwailah Mai Helmy Muna Barakat Rabih Hallit Sami El Khatib Mohamad Rahal Syed Arman Rabbani Reem Alzayer Nada H. Farrag Rita El Hajjar Jinan Mallouh Souheil Hallit Feten Fekih-Romdhane Sahar Obeid Rita ElHagar |
| author_facet | Emmanuelle Awad Diana Malaeb Amthal Alhuwailah Mai Helmy Muna Barakat Rabih Hallit Sami El Khatib Mohamad Rahal Syed Arman Rabbani Reem Alzayer Nada H. Farrag Rita El Hajjar Jinan Mallouh Souheil Hallit Feten Fekih-Romdhane Sahar Obeid Rita ElHagar |
| author_sort | Emmanuelle Awad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Intrusive “thoughts” represent undesirable cognitive activity that can cause distress, and occurs in individuals with and without psychological disorders. In order to deal with unwanted intrusive thoughts, individuals might consciously attempt to halt the flow of these cognitions through suppression or unconsciously avoid them automatically through repression. This study aimed to psychometrically evaluate and validate a translation of the Emotional and Behavioral Reaction to Intrusions Questionnaire (EBRIQ) in Arabic, for adults who speak the language. Methods The snowball sampling technique was used to recruit adults (n = 755) from five Arab countries (Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Egypt, Jordan, and Kuwait), who completed the Arabic EBRIQ. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted to examine the factor structure of the EBRIQ. Results A total of 755 participants completed the survey, with a mean age of 21.89 ± 4.18 years and 77.5% females. CFA indicated a modest fit for the one-factor model. Internal reliability was excellent (ω = 0.96; α = 0.96). No significant difference was found in terms of EBRIQ scores between males (M = 10.37, SD = 7.80) and females (M = 10.52, SD = 7.99) in the total sample, t(753) = − 0.22, p = .830. The highest EBRIQ scores were found in Jordanian participants (12.55 ± 6.94), followed by Emirati (12.23 ± 8.20), Lebanese (11.12 ± 7.69), Egyptian (8.96 ± 8.05) and Kuwaiti (8.20 ± 7.75) participants, F(4, 750) = 10.36, p < .001. Conclusion This study suggests that our Arabic translation of the EBRIQ is psychometrically proven to be reliable for use in Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Egypt, Jordan, and Kuwait. This validated tool will allow researchers and practitioners to assess emotions and behaviors related to intrusive thoughts. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6e4541b2b63c4e1ebddc8c30f5ccc68c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-6e4541b2b63c4e1ebddc8c30f5ccc68c2025-02-09T12:34:12ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-02-011511810.1038/s41598-025-86786-2Psychometric properties of the Arabic emotional and behavioral reaction to intrusions questionnaire among sample of Arabic speaking adultsEmmanuelle Awad0Diana Malaeb1Amthal Alhuwailah2Mai Helmy3Muna Barakat4Rabih Hallit5Sami El Khatib6Mohamad Rahal7Syed Arman Rabbani8Reem Alzayer9Nada H. Farrag10Rita El Hajjar11Jinan Mallouh12Souheil Hallit13Feten Fekih-Romdhane14Sahar Obeid15Rita ElHagar16School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology and Education, Lebanese American UniversityCollege of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical UniversityDepartment of Psychology, Kuwait UniversityPsychology department, College of education, Sultan Qaboos UniversityDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private UniversitySchool of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of KaslikDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese International UniversitySchool of Pharmacy, Lebanese International UniversityDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health UniversityClinical Pharmacy Practice, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences (MACHS)School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire-Hosted by Global Academic FoundationCollege of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical UniversityCollege of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical UniversitySchool of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of KaslikThe Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry “Ibn Omrane”, Razi hospitalDepartment of Psychology and Education, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American UniversitySchool of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology and Education, Lebanese American UniversityAbstract Background Intrusive “thoughts” represent undesirable cognitive activity that can cause distress, and occurs in individuals with and without psychological disorders. In order to deal with unwanted intrusive thoughts, individuals might consciously attempt to halt the flow of these cognitions through suppression or unconsciously avoid them automatically through repression. This study aimed to psychometrically evaluate and validate a translation of the Emotional and Behavioral Reaction to Intrusions Questionnaire (EBRIQ) in Arabic, for adults who speak the language. Methods The snowball sampling technique was used to recruit adults (n = 755) from five Arab countries (Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Egypt, Jordan, and Kuwait), who completed the Arabic EBRIQ. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted to examine the factor structure of the EBRIQ. Results A total of 755 participants completed the survey, with a mean age of 21.89 ± 4.18 years and 77.5% females. CFA indicated a modest fit for the one-factor model. Internal reliability was excellent (ω = 0.96; α = 0.96). No significant difference was found in terms of EBRIQ scores between males (M = 10.37, SD = 7.80) and females (M = 10.52, SD = 7.99) in the total sample, t(753) = − 0.22, p = .830. The highest EBRIQ scores were found in Jordanian participants (12.55 ± 6.94), followed by Emirati (12.23 ± 8.20), Lebanese (11.12 ± 7.69), Egyptian (8.96 ± 8.05) and Kuwaiti (8.20 ± 7.75) participants, F(4, 750) = 10.36, p < .001. Conclusion This study suggests that our Arabic translation of the EBRIQ is psychometrically proven to be reliable for use in Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Egypt, Jordan, and Kuwait. This validated tool will allow researchers and practitioners to assess emotions and behaviors related to intrusive thoughts.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-86786-2Emotional and behavioral reaction to intrusions QuestionnairePsychometric propertiesArabic |
| spellingShingle | Emmanuelle Awad Diana Malaeb Amthal Alhuwailah Mai Helmy Muna Barakat Rabih Hallit Sami El Khatib Mohamad Rahal Syed Arman Rabbani Reem Alzayer Nada H. Farrag Rita El Hajjar Jinan Mallouh Souheil Hallit Feten Fekih-Romdhane Sahar Obeid Rita ElHagar Psychometric properties of the Arabic emotional and behavioral reaction to intrusions questionnaire among sample of Arabic speaking adults Scientific Reports Emotional and behavioral reaction to intrusions Questionnaire Psychometric properties Arabic |
| title | Psychometric properties of the Arabic emotional and behavioral reaction to intrusions questionnaire among sample of Arabic speaking adults |
| title_full | Psychometric properties of the Arabic emotional and behavioral reaction to intrusions questionnaire among sample of Arabic speaking adults |
| title_fullStr | Psychometric properties of the Arabic emotional and behavioral reaction to intrusions questionnaire among sample of Arabic speaking adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | Psychometric properties of the Arabic emotional and behavioral reaction to intrusions questionnaire among sample of Arabic speaking adults |
| title_short | Psychometric properties of the Arabic emotional and behavioral reaction to intrusions questionnaire among sample of Arabic speaking adults |
| title_sort | psychometric properties of the arabic emotional and behavioral reaction to intrusions questionnaire among sample of arabic speaking adults |
| topic | Emotional and behavioral reaction to intrusions Questionnaire Psychometric properties Arabic |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-86786-2 |
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