Modification of Epoxidized Soybean Oil for the Preparation of Amorphous, Nonretrogradable, and Hydrophobic Starch Films
Starch was plasticized with epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) modified by reaction with cinnamic acid (CA), and films were prepared using solvent casting from water/ethanol solutions. They exhibited good hydrophobicity, reduced water sensitivity, and showed the same transparency as glycerol-plasticized c...
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MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Polysaccharides |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4176/6/2/40 |
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| author | Sara Dalle Vacche Leandro Hernan Esposito Daniele Bugnotti Emanuela Callone Sara Fernanda Orsini Massimiliano D’Arienzo Laura Cipolla Simona Petroni Alessandra Vitale Roberta Bongiovanni Sandra Dirè |
| author_facet | Sara Dalle Vacche Leandro Hernan Esposito Daniele Bugnotti Emanuela Callone Sara Fernanda Orsini Massimiliano D’Arienzo Laura Cipolla Simona Petroni Alessandra Vitale Roberta Bongiovanni Sandra Dirè |
| author_sort | Sara Dalle Vacche |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Starch was plasticized with epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) modified by reaction with cinnamic acid (CA), and films were prepared using solvent casting from water/ethanol solutions. They exhibited good hydrophobicity, reduced water sensitivity, and showed the same transparency as glycerol-plasticized counterparts, but with less flexibility. Interestingly, modified ESO enhanced gelatinization and hindered retrogradation of the biopolymer. ESO was reacted with CA without the use of catalysts to obtain a β-hydroxyester; in order to optimize the synthesis process, different reaction conditions were explored, varying the stoichiometry and the heating cycles. Products were fully characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and the different reactions following the opening of the oxirane ring were discussed. The properties of the novel starch-based films prepared with modified ESO highlight their use in food packaging, disposable devices, and agricultural mulching films. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6e2c993b09af45ddb5d6f07b6eada423 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2673-4176 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polysaccharides |
| spelling | doaj-art-6e2c993b09af45ddb5d6f07b6eada4232025-08-20T03:16:36ZengMDPI AGPolysaccharides2673-41762025-05-01624010.3390/polysaccharides6020040Modification of Epoxidized Soybean Oil for the Preparation of Amorphous, Nonretrogradable, and Hydrophobic Starch FilmsSara Dalle Vacche0Leandro Hernan Esposito1Daniele Bugnotti2Emanuela Callone3Sara Fernanda Orsini4Massimiliano D’Arienzo5Laura Cipolla6Simona Petroni7Alessandra Vitale8Roberta Bongiovanni9Sandra Dirè10Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, ItalyDepartment of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20125 Milano, ItalyDepartment of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20125 Milano, ItalyDepartment of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, ItalyDepartment of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, ItalyDepartment of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, ItalyStarch was plasticized with epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) modified by reaction with cinnamic acid (CA), and films were prepared using solvent casting from water/ethanol solutions. They exhibited good hydrophobicity, reduced water sensitivity, and showed the same transparency as glycerol-plasticized counterparts, but with less flexibility. Interestingly, modified ESO enhanced gelatinization and hindered retrogradation of the biopolymer. ESO was reacted with CA without the use of catalysts to obtain a β-hydroxyester; in order to optimize the synthesis process, different reaction conditions were explored, varying the stoichiometry and the heating cycles. Products were fully characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and the different reactions following the opening of the oxirane ring were discussed. The properties of the novel starch-based films prepared with modified ESO highlight their use in food packaging, disposable devices, and agricultural mulching films.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4176/6/2/40starch filmsstarch retrogradationepoxidized soybean oilcinnamic acid |
| spellingShingle | Sara Dalle Vacche Leandro Hernan Esposito Daniele Bugnotti Emanuela Callone Sara Fernanda Orsini Massimiliano D’Arienzo Laura Cipolla Simona Petroni Alessandra Vitale Roberta Bongiovanni Sandra Dirè Modification of Epoxidized Soybean Oil for the Preparation of Amorphous, Nonretrogradable, and Hydrophobic Starch Films Polysaccharides starch films starch retrogradation epoxidized soybean oil cinnamic acid |
| title | Modification of Epoxidized Soybean Oil for the Preparation of Amorphous, Nonretrogradable, and Hydrophobic Starch Films |
| title_full | Modification of Epoxidized Soybean Oil for the Preparation of Amorphous, Nonretrogradable, and Hydrophobic Starch Films |
| title_fullStr | Modification of Epoxidized Soybean Oil for the Preparation of Amorphous, Nonretrogradable, and Hydrophobic Starch Films |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modification of Epoxidized Soybean Oil for the Preparation of Amorphous, Nonretrogradable, and Hydrophobic Starch Films |
| title_short | Modification of Epoxidized Soybean Oil for the Preparation of Amorphous, Nonretrogradable, and Hydrophobic Starch Films |
| title_sort | modification of epoxidized soybean oil for the preparation of amorphous nonretrogradable and hydrophobic starch films |
| topic | starch films starch retrogradation epoxidized soybean oil cinnamic acid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4176/6/2/40 |
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