Is the combination of linagliptin and allopurinol better prophylaxis against post-contrast acute kidney injury? A multicenter prospective randomized controlled study

Background Patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) are at increased risk to develop post-contrast acute kidney injury (AKI). Diabetic patients under dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4Is) experience a lower propensity to develop AKI. We speculated that linagliptin as a single agent or in com...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ahmed Fayed, Ahmed A. Hammad, Dina O. Abdulazim, Hany Hammad, Mohamed Amin, Samir Elhadidy, Mona M. Salem, Ibrahim M. Abd ElAzim, Lajos Zsom, Eva Csongradi, Karim M. Soliman, Usama A. Sharaf El Din
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2023-12-01
Series:Renal Failure
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/0886022X.2023.2194434
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850187084421136384
author Ahmed Fayed
Ahmed A. Hammad
Dina O. Abdulazim
Hany Hammad
Mohamed Amin
Samir Elhadidy
Mona M. Salem
Ibrahim M. Abd ElAzim
Lajos Zsom
Eva Csongradi
Karim M. Soliman
Usama A. Sharaf El Din
author_facet Ahmed Fayed
Ahmed A. Hammad
Dina O. Abdulazim
Hany Hammad
Mohamed Amin
Samir Elhadidy
Mona M. Salem
Ibrahim M. Abd ElAzim
Lajos Zsom
Eva Csongradi
Karim M. Soliman
Usama A. Sharaf El Din
author_sort Ahmed Fayed
collection DOAJ
description Background Patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) are at increased risk to develop post-contrast acute kidney injury (AKI). Diabetic patients under dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4Is) experience a lower propensity to develop AKI. We speculated that linagliptin as a single agent or in combination with allopurinol may reduce the incidence of post-contrast AKI in stage 3–5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with underlying DKD.Methods Out of 951 DKD patients eligible for this study, 800 accepted to sign informed consent. They were randomly allocated to 4 equal groups that received their prophylaxis for 2 days before and after radiocontrast. The first control group received N-acetyl cysteine and saline, the 2nd received allopurinol, the 3rd group received linagliptin, and the 4th received both allopurinol and linagliptin. Post-procedure follow-up for kidney functions was conducted for 2 weeks in all patients.Results 20, 19, 14, and 8 patients developed post-contrast AKI in groups 1 through 4, respectively. Neither linagliptin nor allopurinol was superior to N-acetyl cysteine and saline alone. However, the combination of the two agents provided statistically significant renal protection: post-contrast AKI in group 4 was significantly lower than in groups 1 and 2 (p < 0.02 and <0.03, respectively). None of the post-contrast AKI cases required dialysis.Conclusion Linagliptin and allopurinol in combination may offer protection against post-contrast AKI in DKD exposed to radiocontrast. Further studies are needed to support this view.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03470454
format Article
id doaj-art-6e2a6c1f57724d7283554d0bc13c0d23
institution OA Journals
issn 0886-022X
1525-6049
language English
publishDate 2023-12-01
publisher Taylor & Francis Group
record_format Article
series Renal Failure
spelling doaj-art-6e2a6c1f57724d7283554d0bc13c0d232025-08-20T02:16:11ZengTaylor & Francis GroupRenal Failure0886-022X1525-60492023-12-0145110.1080/0886022X.2023.2194434Is the combination of linagliptin and allopurinol better prophylaxis against post-contrast acute kidney injury? A multicenter prospective randomized controlled studyAhmed Fayed0Ahmed A. Hammad1Dina O. Abdulazim2Hany Hammad3Mohamed Amin4Samir Elhadidy5Mona M. Salem6Ibrahim M. Abd ElAzim7Lajos Zsom8Eva Csongradi9Karim M. Soliman10Usama A. Sharaf El Din11Nephrology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptEndocrinology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Faiyum, EgyptRheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptNephrology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptCritical Care Medicine Department, Internal Medicine Department, Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptCritical Care Medicine Department, Internal Medicine Department, Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptEndocrinology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptCritical Care Medicine, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, EgyptFresenius Medical Care Hungary, Cegléd, HungaryDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, HungaryDepartment of Surgery, Division of Transplant, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USANephrology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptBackground Patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) are at increased risk to develop post-contrast acute kidney injury (AKI). Diabetic patients under dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4Is) experience a lower propensity to develop AKI. We speculated that linagliptin as a single agent or in combination with allopurinol may reduce the incidence of post-contrast AKI in stage 3–5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with underlying DKD.Methods Out of 951 DKD patients eligible for this study, 800 accepted to sign informed consent. They were randomly allocated to 4 equal groups that received their prophylaxis for 2 days before and after radiocontrast. The first control group received N-acetyl cysteine and saline, the 2nd received allopurinol, the 3rd group received linagliptin, and the 4th received both allopurinol and linagliptin. Post-procedure follow-up for kidney functions was conducted for 2 weeks in all patients.Results 20, 19, 14, and 8 patients developed post-contrast AKI in groups 1 through 4, respectively. Neither linagliptin nor allopurinol was superior to N-acetyl cysteine and saline alone. However, the combination of the two agents provided statistically significant renal protection: post-contrast AKI in group 4 was significantly lower than in groups 1 and 2 (p < 0.02 and <0.03, respectively). None of the post-contrast AKI cases required dialysis.Conclusion Linagliptin and allopurinol in combination may offer protection against post-contrast AKI in DKD exposed to radiocontrast. Further studies are needed to support this view.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03470454https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/0886022X.2023.2194434Post-contrast AKIDPP4IslinagliptinallopurinolN-acetyl cysteine
spellingShingle Ahmed Fayed
Ahmed A. Hammad
Dina O. Abdulazim
Hany Hammad
Mohamed Amin
Samir Elhadidy
Mona M. Salem
Ibrahim M. Abd ElAzim
Lajos Zsom
Eva Csongradi
Karim M. Soliman
Usama A. Sharaf El Din
Is the combination of linagliptin and allopurinol better prophylaxis against post-contrast acute kidney injury? A multicenter prospective randomized controlled study
Renal Failure
Post-contrast AKI
DPP4Is
linagliptin
allopurinol
N-acetyl cysteine
title Is the combination of linagliptin and allopurinol better prophylaxis against post-contrast acute kidney injury? A multicenter prospective randomized controlled study
title_full Is the combination of linagliptin and allopurinol better prophylaxis against post-contrast acute kidney injury? A multicenter prospective randomized controlled study
title_fullStr Is the combination of linagliptin and allopurinol better prophylaxis against post-contrast acute kidney injury? A multicenter prospective randomized controlled study
title_full_unstemmed Is the combination of linagliptin and allopurinol better prophylaxis against post-contrast acute kidney injury? A multicenter prospective randomized controlled study
title_short Is the combination of linagliptin and allopurinol better prophylaxis against post-contrast acute kidney injury? A multicenter prospective randomized controlled study
title_sort is the combination of linagliptin and allopurinol better prophylaxis against post contrast acute kidney injury a multicenter prospective randomized controlled study
topic Post-contrast AKI
DPP4Is
linagliptin
allopurinol
N-acetyl cysteine
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/0886022X.2023.2194434
work_keys_str_mv AT ahmedfayed isthecombinationoflinagliptinandallopurinolbetterprophylaxisagainstpostcontrastacutekidneyinjuryamulticenterprospectiverandomizedcontrolledstudy
AT ahmedahammad isthecombinationoflinagliptinandallopurinolbetterprophylaxisagainstpostcontrastacutekidneyinjuryamulticenterprospectiverandomizedcontrolledstudy
AT dinaoabdulazim isthecombinationoflinagliptinandallopurinolbetterprophylaxisagainstpostcontrastacutekidneyinjuryamulticenterprospectiverandomizedcontrolledstudy
AT hanyhammad isthecombinationoflinagliptinandallopurinolbetterprophylaxisagainstpostcontrastacutekidneyinjuryamulticenterprospectiverandomizedcontrolledstudy
AT mohamedamin isthecombinationoflinagliptinandallopurinolbetterprophylaxisagainstpostcontrastacutekidneyinjuryamulticenterprospectiverandomizedcontrolledstudy
AT samirelhadidy isthecombinationoflinagliptinandallopurinolbetterprophylaxisagainstpostcontrastacutekidneyinjuryamulticenterprospectiverandomizedcontrolledstudy
AT monamsalem isthecombinationoflinagliptinandallopurinolbetterprophylaxisagainstpostcontrastacutekidneyinjuryamulticenterprospectiverandomizedcontrolledstudy
AT ibrahimmabdelazim isthecombinationoflinagliptinandallopurinolbetterprophylaxisagainstpostcontrastacutekidneyinjuryamulticenterprospectiverandomizedcontrolledstudy
AT lajoszsom isthecombinationoflinagliptinandallopurinolbetterprophylaxisagainstpostcontrastacutekidneyinjuryamulticenterprospectiverandomizedcontrolledstudy
AT evacsongradi isthecombinationoflinagliptinandallopurinolbetterprophylaxisagainstpostcontrastacutekidneyinjuryamulticenterprospectiverandomizedcontrolledstudy
AT karimmsoliman isthecombinationoflinagliptinandallopurinolbetterprophylaxisagainstpostcontrastacutekidneyinjuryamulticenterprospectiverandomizedcontrolledstudy
AT usamaasharafeldin isthecombinationoflinagliptinandallopurinolbetterprophylaxisagainstpostcontrastacutekidneyinjuryamulticenterprospectiverandomizedcontrolledstudy