Jerusalem artichoke extracts regulate the gene expression of key enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis

Jerusalem artichoke (JA) is a traditional remedy for alleviating symptoms of diabetes. In fact, the suppressive effects of JA on blood sugar have been reported in multiple studies since 1934. Recent studies have indicated that type II diabetes is often caused by insulin resistance rather than insuli...

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Main Authors: Soo Jin Lee, Woo-Cheol Shin, Sangmin Ju, Mi-Ri Gwon, Jae-Hwa Lee, Young-Ran Yoon, Stuart K. Calderwood, Dae Young Lee, Heeyoun Bunch
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of Agriculture and Food Research
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666154325001905
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author Soo Jin Lee
Woo-Cheol Shin
Sangmin Ju
Mi-Ri Gwon
Jae-Hwa Lee
Young-Ran Yoon
Stuart K. Calderwood
Dae Young Lee
Heeyoun Bunch
author_facet Soo Jin Lee
Woo-Cheol Shin
Sangmin Ju
Mi-Ri Gwon
Jae-Hwa Lee
Young-Ran Yoon
Stuart K. Calderwood
Dae Young Lee
Heeyoun Bunch
author_sort Soo Jin Lee
collection DOAJ
description Jerusalem artichoke (JA) is a traditional remedy for alleviating symptoms of diabetes. In fact, the suppressive effects of JA on blood sugar have been reported in multiple studies since 1934. Recent studies have indicated that type II diabetes is often caused by insulin resistance rather than insulin reduction and that increased blood and interstitial fatty acid levels contribute to insulin resistance and the development of diabetes. However, whether JA affects human lipogenesis has not been studied. Here, we elucidated the effects of JA on the expression of two key enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid synthase (FASN) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACACA), using three human neuroblastoma and colon and liver cancer cell lines. Caffeine and ICRF193, a catalytic inhibitor of topoisomerase II (TOP2), were included as positive controls, and JA was extracted into water- or dimethyl sulfoxide-soluble components, termed H-JA and D-JA. Metabolomics analyses using gas chromatography-time of flight/mass spectrometry and in-silico analyses showed differentially enriched chemical compounds in H-JA and D-JA, suggesting their distinctive bioactivities including fatty acid metabolism. D-JA significantly reduced the expression of FASN and ACACA at the mRNA and protein levels. D-JA-treated cells exhibited altered TOP2 levels and FASN/ACACA expression appeared to be controlled by TOP2 activity and levels. Taken together, our study revealed a novel effect of JA extracts on inhibiting the expression of the key enzymes involved in the fatty acid biosynthesis and suggested the potential of JA as a natural medicinal agent to control lipogenesis in humans.
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spelling doaj-art-6e2816b5d85c447191fdbfa7988efe942025-08-20T02:31:02ZengElsevierJournal of Agriculture and Food Research2666-15432025-06-012110181910.1016/j.jafr.2025.101819Jerusalem artichoke extracts regulate the gene expression of key enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesisSoo Jin Lee0Woo-Cheol Shin1Sangmin Ju2Mi-Ri Gwon3Jae-Hwa Lee4Young-Ran Yoon5Stuart K. Calderwood6Dae Young Lee7Heeyoun Bunch8School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Convergence Science & Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of KoreaBK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of KoreaSchool of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of KoreaClinical Omics Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of KoreaSchool of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of KoreaClinical Omics Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea; School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, USABK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of KoreaSchool of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Corresponding author. School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.Jerusalem artichoke (JA) is a traditional remedy for alleviating symptoms of diabetes. In fact, the suppressive effects of JA on blood sugar have been reported in multiple studies since 1934. Recent studies have indicated that type II diabetes is often caused by insulin resistance rather than insulin reduction and that increased blood and interstitial fatty acid levels contribute to insulin resistance and the development of diabetes. However, whether JA affects human lipogenesis has not been studied. Here, we elucidated the effects of JA on the expression of two key enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid synthase (FASN) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACACA), using three human neuroblastoma and colon and liver cancer cell lines. Caffeine and ICRF193, a catalytic inhibitor of topoisomerase II (TOP2), were included as positive controls, and JA was extracted into water- or dimethyl sulfoxide-soluble components, termed H-JA and D-JA. Metabolomics analyses using gas chromatography-time of flight/mass spectrometry and in-silico analyses showed differentially enriched chemical compounds in H-JA and D-JA, suggesting their distinctive bioactivities including fatty acid metabolism. D-JA significantly reduced the expression of FASN and ACACA at the mRNA and protein levels. D-JA-treated cells exhibited altered TOP2 levels and FASN/ACACA expression appeared to be controlled by TOP2 activity and levels. Taken together, our study revealed a novel effect of JA extracts on inhibiting the expression of the key enzymes involved in the fatty acid biosynthesis and suggested the potential of JA as a natural medicinal agent to control lipogenesis in humans.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666154325001905Gene regulationJerusalem artichokeFunctional foodFatty acid biosynthesisFatty acid synthaseAcetyl-coA carboxylase
spellingShingle Soo Jin Lee
Woo-Cheol Shin
Sangmin Ju
Mi-Ri Gwon
Jae-Hwa Lee
Young-Ran Yoon
Stuart K. Calderwood
Dae Young Lee
Heeyoun Bunch
Jerusalem artichoke extracts regulate the gene expression of key enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis
Journal of Agriculture and Food Research
Gene regulation
Jerusalem artichoke
Functional food
Fatty acid biosynthesis
Fatty acid synthase
Acetyl-coA carboxylase
title Jerusalem artichoke extracts regulate the gene expression of key enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis
title_full Jerusalem artichoke extracts regulate the gene expression of key enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis
title_fullStr Jerusalem artichoke extracts regulate the gene expression of key enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis
title_full_unstemmed Jerusalem artichoke extracts regulate the gene expression of key enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis
title_short Jerusalem artichoke extracts regulate the gene expression of key enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis
title_sort jerusalem artichoke extracts regulate the gene expression of key enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis
topic Gene regulation
Jerusalem artichoke
Functional food
Fatty acid biosynthesis
Fatty acid synthase
Acetyl-coA carboxylase
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666154325001905
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