The association between neonatal mortality and ventilator association pneumonia

Background Ventilator association pneumonia (VAP) is a common healthcare-associated disease that primarily challenges ventilated neonates in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). This study aims to evaluate the association between neonatal mortality and ventilator-associated pneumonia.Methodology A...

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Main Authors: Mai El-Sayad Abd El-Hamid, Marwa Fekry Hassan, Mohamed Zaeim Hafez, Mohamed E. EL-Refaey, Wael A. Khattab, Khaled Saleh Ali Elhamaky, Ahmed F. Abdel Ghany, Shymaa Sobhy Menshawy Khalifa
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:Alexandria Journal of Medicine
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20905068.2025.2452000
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author Mai El-Sayad Abd El-Hamid
Marwa Fekry Hassan
Mohamed Zaeim Hafez
Mohamed E. EL-Refaey
Wael A. Khattab
Khaled Saleh Ali Elhamaky
Ahmed F. Abdel Ghany
Shymaa Sobhy Menshawy Khalifa
author_facet Mai El-Sayad Abd El-Hamid
Marwa Fekry Hassan
Mohamed Zaeim Hafez
Mohamed E. EL-Refaey
Wael A. Khattab
Khaled Saleh Ali Elhamaky
Ahmed F. Abdel Ghany
Shymaa Sobhy Menshawy Khalifa
author_sort Mai El-Sayad Abd El-Hamid
collection DOAJ
description Background Ventilator association pneumonia (VAP) is a common healthcare-associated disease that primarily challenges ventilated neonates in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). This study aims to evaluate the association between neonatal mortality and ventilator-associated pneumonia.Methodology A case-control study involving 115 neonates supplied with mechanical ventilation for a duration exceeding two consecutive calendar days using either an endotracheal tube or tracheostomy from October 2022 to March 2024. The study comprised all neonates.Results Among 115 neonates admitted to the NICU, 7 VAP patients were dead (15.56%) compared to 15 non-VAP patients (21.43%). The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the hospital stays, length of total parenteral nutrition (TPN), intubation duration, reintubation, asphyxia, and surfactant taken were the most variables strongly associated with VAP (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, other indicators did not show any significant correlation with VAP (p > 0.05). Birth weight was found to be a strong predictive ability with an area under the ROC curve of 0.782 (95% confidence interval of 0.637–0.890, p < 0.0001). Using a cutoff birth weight of 1.70 kg, there was 84.4% sensitivity and 64% specificity for predicting the onset of ventilator-associated pneumonia with high accuracy.Conclusion VAP is a major cause of illness; it has a high incidence among neonates on MV. The VAP group received prolonged periods of TPN and intubation. Early removal of the endotracheal tube and adequate enteral feeding may reduce the incidence of VAP in intubated babies.
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spelling doaj-art-6e0193e2ae4f46a09b2cc08cd979d89a2025-08-22T11:30:29ZengTaylor & Francis GroupAlexandria Journal of Medicine2090-50682090-50762025-12-0161115416310.1080/20905068.2025.2452000The association between neonatal mortality and ventilator association pneumoniaMai El-Sayad Abd El-Hamid0Marwa Fekry Hassan1Mohamed Zaeim Hafez2Mohamed E. EL-Refaey3Wael A. Khattab4Khaled Saleh Ali Elhamaky5Ahmed F. Abdel Ghany6Shymaa Sobhy Menshawy Khalifa7Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El Kom, EgyptEpidemiology and preventive medicine department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin El Kom, EgyptPhysiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, EgyptPhysiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, EgyptPhysiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, EgyptPhysiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, EgyptPhysiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, EgyptPediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El Kom, EgyptBackground Ventilator association pneumonia (VAP) is a common healthcare-associated disease that primarily challenges ventilated neonates in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). This study aims to evaluate the association between neonatal mortality and ventilator-associated pneumonia.Methodology A case-control study involving 115 neonates supplied with mechanical ventilation for a duration exceeding two consecutive calendar days using either an endotracheal tube or tracheostomy from October 2022 to March 2024. The study comprised all neonates.Results Among 115 neonates admitted to the NICU, 7 VAP patients were dead (15.56%) compared to 15 non-VAP patients (21.43%). The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the hospital stays, length of total parenteral nutrition (TPN), intubation duration, reintubation, asphyxia, and surfactant taken were the most variables strongly associated with VAP (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, other indicators did not show any significant correlation with VAP (p > 0.05). Birth weight was found to be a strong predictive ability with an area under the ROC curve of 0.782 (95% confidence interval of 0.637–0.890, p < 0.0001). Using a cutoff birth weight of 1.70 kg, there was 84.4% sensitivity and 64% specificity for predicting the onset of ventilator-associated pneumonia with high accuracy.Conclusion VAP is a major cause of illness; it has a high incidence among neonates on MV. The VAP group received prolonged periods of TPN and intubation. Early removal of the endotracheal tube and adequate enteral feeding may reduce the incidence of VAP in intubated babies.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20905068.2025.2452000Intubationmortality rateneonatal intensive care unitrisk factorsventilator-associated pneumonia
spellingShingle Mai El-Sayad Abd El-Hamid
Marwa Fekry Hassan
Mohamed Zaeim Hafez
Mohamed E. EL-Refaey
Wael A. Khattab
Khaled Saleh Ali Elhamaky
Ahmed F. Abdel Ghany
Shymaa Sobhy Menshawy Khalifa
The association between neonatal mortality and ventilator association pneumonia
Alexandria Journal of Medicine
Intubation
mortality rate
neonatal intensive care unit
risk factors
ventilator-associated pneumonia
title The association between neonatal mortality and ventilator association pneumonia
title_full The association between neonatal mortality and ventilator association pneumonia
title_fullStr The association between neonatal mortality and ventilator association pneumonia
title_full_unstemmed The association between neonatal mortality and ventilator association pneumonia
title_short The association between neonatal mortality and ventilator association pneumonia
title_sort association between neonatal mortality and ventilator association pneumonia
topic Intubation
mortality rate
neonatal intensive care unit
risk factors
ventilator-associated pneumonia
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20905068.2025.2452000
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