Gel–sol synthesis of hierarchical CaO using pollen as biotemplate for biodiesel production
In this paper, a novel hierarchical calcium-based catalyst marked as CaO(S) has been established to catalyze oil-methyl acetate-methanol for no-glycerol biodiesel production. The CaO(S) was synthesized through sol–gel-biotemplate method using calcium nitrate-ethanol-citric acid as precursor and rape...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Académie des sciences
2024-05-01
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| Series: | Comptes Rendus. Chimie |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/chimie/articles/10.5802/crchim.269/ |
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| Summary: | In this paper, a novel hierarchical calcium-based catalyst marked as CaO(S) has been established to catalyze oil-methyl acetate-methanol for no-glycerol biodiesel production. The CaO(S) was synthesized through sol–gel-biotemplate method using calcium nitrate-ethanol-citric acid as precursor and rape pollen as biotemplate, followed by the characterizations such as N2-Brunauer Emmet Teller (N2-BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR), CO2-temperature programmed desorption (CO2-TPD), Thermogravimetry differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that pollen as a biotemplate could be used to improve the basicity and textural parameters of calcium oxide particles, especially for 1/1-CaO(S)-700, presented by its total basicity of 5.90 mmol/g, the specific surface area of 16.47 m2/g, the pore volume of 0.04 cm3/g, the average pore size of 10.28 nm, and the widespread distribution of pore size (2–12.5 nm). Moreover, the yield of no-glycerol biodiesel, 96.62%, has been investigated after 3 h under optimized conditions (temperature = 65 °C, dosage of CaO(S) = 10 wt%, oil/methyl acetate/methanol = 1/1/8), by the yield presence of 91.37% after 3 cycles, which indicated that the 1/1-CaO(S)-700 prepared by sol–gel-biotemplate method had good stability. |
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| ISSN: | 1878-1543 |