Eternal-Thing 3.0: Mixed-Mode SoC for Energy Harvesting System Towards Sustainable IoT
The power requirement in IoT is essential to fulfill the energy demand of the power-hungry sensors at end nodes. The use of fixed batteries restricts sustainability and makes the system costly. This work presents a battery-less solar energy harvesting system (EHS). Designing a state-of-the-art EHS n...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Saswat Kumar Ram Sanjeev Mani Yadav Jayendra Kumar Priyanka Singh Banee Bandana Das |
| author_facet | Saswat Kumar Ram Sanjeev Mani Yadav Jayendra Kumar Priyanka Singh Banee Bandana Das |
| author_sort | Saswat Kumar Ram |
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| description | The power requirement in IoT is essential to fulfill the energy demand of the power-hungry sensors at end nodes. The use of fixed batteries restricts sustainability and makes the system costly. This work presents a battery-less solar energy harvesting system (EHS). Designing a state-of-the-art EHS needs a lot of exercise. Proper modeling of each unit makes the system robust and can be tuned at every stage to get an optimum result. The proposed EHS comprises a clock generator, DC-DC converters, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) unit, and a digital controller. The DC-DC converter and ADCs are designed in Verilog-A. The MPPT module digital controller is designed using Verilog HDL. The digital controller decides the mode of operation of the EHS based on power availability. Verilog-AMS allows us to do the mixed-mode simulation very early, so errors can only be eliminated in the initial stages at the circuit level. The proposed EHS is simulated in the Cadence Virtuoso AMS Designer Simulator (using the Incisive Run tool). The input solar voltage is 1 V to 1.5 V, and the output is 3 V to 3.5 V. The EHS provides supply voltages of 3.3 V, 1.8 V, and 1 V to the end node devices in IoT. The EHS is further designed with the parameters obtained from modeling in Cadence using virtuoso (for analog circuits) and genus (for digital circuits) and finally combined in Innovous (mixed-mode tool) for tape-out. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6dc82dcc06bc4b64a69a8d81ed406486 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-6dc82dcc06bc4b64a69a8d81ed4064862025-08-20T03:31:40ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-011311276511277610.1109/ACCESS.2025.358379811053756Eternal-Thing 3.0: Mixed-Mode SoC for Energy Harvesting System Towards Sustainable IoTSaswat Kumar Ram0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-0652Sanjeev Mani Yadav1https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7642-3028Jayendra Kumar2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3381-2764Priyanka Singh3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5476-6501Banee Bandana Das4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4330-0412Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM University, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM University, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, IndiaSchool of Electronics Engineering, VIT-AP University, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, IndiaSchool of Computer Science Engineering, VIT-AP University, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, SRM University, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, IndiaThe power requirement in IoT is essential to fulfill the energy demand of the power-hungry sensors at end nodes. The use of fixed batteries restricts sustainability and makes the system costly. This work presents a battery-less solar energy harvesting system (EHS). Designing a state-of-the-art EHS needs a lot of exercise. Proper modeling of each unit makes the system robust and can be tuned at every stage to get an optimum result. The proposed EHS comprises a clock generator, DC-DC converters, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) unit, and a digital controller. The DC-DC converter and ADCs are designed in Verilog-A. The MPPT module digital controller is designed using Verilog HDL. The digital controller decides the mode of operation of the EHS based on power availability. Verilog-AMS allows us to do the mixed-mode simulation very early, so errors can only be eliminated in the initial stages at the circuit level. The proposed EHS is simulated in the Cadence Virtuoso AMS Designer Simulator (using the Incisive Run tool). The input solar voltage is 1 V to 1.5 V, and the output is 3 V to 3.5 V. The EHS provides supply voltages of 3.3 V, 1.8 V, and 1 V to the end node devices in IoT. The EHS is further designed with the parameters obtained from modeling in Cadence using virtuoso (for analog circuits) and genus (for digital circuits) and finally combined in Innovous (mixed-mode tool) for tape-out.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11053756/Energy harvesting systemcharge pumpsmaximum power point tracking (MPPT)verilog-AMSverilog-AAMS designer simulator |
| spellingShingle | Saswat Kumar Ram Sanjeev Mani Yadav Jayendra Kumar Priyanka Singh Banee Bandana Das Eternal-Thing 3.0: Mixed-Mode SoC for Energy Harvesting System Towards Sustainable IoT IEEE Access Energy harvesting system charge pumps maximum power point tracking (MPPT) verilog-AMS verilog-A AMS designer simulator |
| title | Eternal-Thing 3.0: Mixed-Mode SoC for Energy Harvesting System Towards Sustainable IoT |
| title_full | Eternal-Thing 3.0: Mixed-Mode SoC for Energy Harvesting System Towards Sustainable IoT |
| title_fullStr | Eternal-Thing 3.0: Mixed-Mode SoC for Energy Harvesting System Towards Sustainable IoT |
| title_full_unstemmed | Eternal-Thing 3.0: Mixed-Mode SoC for Energy Harvesting System Towards Sustainable IoT |
| title_short | Eternal-Thing 3.0: Mixed-Mode SoC for Energy Harvesting System Towards Sustainable IoT |
| title_sort | eternal thing 3 0 mixed mode soc for energy harvesting system towards sustainable iot |
| topic | Energy harvesting system charge pumps maximum power point tracking (MPPT) verilog-AMS verilog-A AMS designer simulator |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11053756/ |
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