Exploring the application value of ultrasound in animal studies of stem cell therapy for intrauterine adhesions

Abstract Endometrial damage leads to intrauterine adhesions (IUA), significantly impairing endometrial receptivity and fertility. Stem cell therapies, particularly umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UC-MSCs), have shown promise in regenerating damaged endometrium, but prior studies have relied on...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Siqi Guo, Wencong Li, Xiaoran Chen, Meijuan Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-08-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14996-9
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849344046203404288
author Siqi Guo
Wencong Li
Xiaoran Chen
Meijuan Liu
author_facet Siqi Guo
Wencong Li
Xiaoran Chen
Meijuan Liu
author_sort Siqi Guo
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Endometrial damage leads to intrauterine adhesions (IUA), significantly impairing endometrial receptivity and fertility. Stem cell therapies, particularly umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UC-MSCs), have shown promise in regenerating damaged endometrium, but prior studies have relied on ex vivo pathological evaluations. Ultrasound, as a non-invasive examination method, provides an important basis for the diagnosis, treatment and prognostic assessment of uterine adhesions in clinical practice. A series of statistical techniques were systematically used in this study, one-way ANOVA test, LSD-t test, Mann Whitney U test, Dunn’s t test, and linear regression, with the aim of investigating whether ultrasound can effectively assess the effect of rat IUA model after treatment with IUA. This was an animal study involving 30 female Sprague-Dawley rats randomly divided into three groups: normal (n = 10), IUA model (n = 10), and UC-MSC therapy (n = 10). The study duration was approximately three months, including UC-MSC administration and post-treatment follow-up. IUA was induced in the model and UC-MSC groups by mechanical scraping of the uterine endometrium. Rats in the UC-MSC group received intrauterine infusions of UC-MSCs. Endometrial thickness, morphology, and continuity were evaluated pre- and post-treatment using ultrasound. Histological analysis, including H&E, Masson’s staining, and CK immunohistochemistry, was performed after euthanasia. Endometrial thickness significantly increased in the UC-MSC group compared to the model group (0.34 ± 0.06 mm vs. 0.11 ± 0.03 mm, p < 0.05), while fibrosis was significantly reduced (15.11% vs. 28.14%, p < 0.05). The UC-MSC group exhibited improved endometrial morphology and glandular density compared to the model group (p < 0.05). Particularly Ultrasound findings of endometrial thickness, are significantly associated with pathological assessments (r > 0.99, p < 0.0001). This study demonstrates that ultrasound is a reliable, non-invasive tool for monitoring the therapeutic effects of UC-MSCs on endometrial regeneration in vivo.
format Article
id doaj-art-6dbe900624284daf91f2ab5430c81e5b
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-6dbe900624284daf91f2ab5430c81e5b2025-08-20T03:42:45ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-08-0115111210.1038/s41598-025-14996-9Exploring the application value of ultrasound in animal studies of stem cell therapy for intrauterine adhesionsSiqi Guo0Wencong Li1Xiaoran Chen2Meijuan Liu3Department of School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Ultrasound, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao UniversityDepartment of Ultrasound, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao UniversityAbstract Endometrial damage leads to intrauterine adhesions (IUA), significantly impairing endometrial receptivity and fertility. Stem cell therapies, particularly umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UC-MSCs), have shown promise in regenerating damaged endometrium, but prior studies have relied on ex vivo pathological evaluations. Ultrasound, as a non-invasive examination method, provides an important basis for the diagnosis, treatment and prognostic assessment of uterine adhesions in clinical practice. A series of statistical techniques were systematically used in this study, one-way ANOVA test, LSD-t test, Mann Whitney U test, Dunn’s t test, and linear regression, with the aim of investigating whether ultrasound can effectively assess the effect of rat IUA model after treatment with IUA. This was an animal study involving 30 female Sprague-Dawley rats randomly divided into three groups: normal (n = 10), IUA model (n = 10), and UC-MSC therapy (n = 10). The study duration was approximately three months, including UC-MSC administration and post-treatment follow-up. IUA was induced in the model and UC-MSC groups by mechanical scraping of the uterine endometrium. Rats in the UC-MSC group received intrauterine infusions of UC-MSCs. Endometrial thickness, morphology, and continuity were evaluated pre- and post-treatment using ultrasound. Histological analysis, including H&E, Masson’s staining, and CK immunohistochemistry, was performed after euthanasia. Endometrial thickness significantly increased in the UC-MSC group compared to the model group (0.34 ± 0.06 mm vs. 0.11 ± 0.03 mm, p < 0.05), while fibrosis was significantly reduced (15.11% vs. 28.14%, p < 0.05). The UC-MSC group exhibited improved endometrial morphology and glandular density compared to the model group (p < 0.05). Particularly Ultrasound findings of endometrial thickness, are significantly associated with pathological assessments (r > 0.99, p < 0.0001). This study demonstrates that ultrasound is a reliable, non-invasive tool for monitoring the therapeutic effects of UC-MSCs on endometrial regeneration in vivo.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14996-9UltrasonographyStem cell transplantationCell- and Tissue-Based therapyEndometriumFibrosis
spellingShingle Siqi Guo
Wencong Li
Xiaoran Chen
Meijuan Liu
Exploring the application value of ultrasound in animal studies of stem cell therapy for intrauterine adhesions
Scientific Reports
Ultrasonography
Stem cell transplantation
Cell- and Tissue-Based therapy
Endometrium
Fibrosis
title Exploring the application value of ultrasound in animal studies of stem cell therapy for intrauterine adhesions
title_full Exploring the application value of ultrasound in animal studies of stem cell therapy for intrauterine adhesions
title_fullStr Exploring the application value of ultrasound in animal studies of stem cell therapy for intrauterine adhesions
title_full_unstemmed Exploring the application value of ultrasound in animal studies of stem cell therapy for intrauterine adhesions
title_short Exploring the application value of ultrasound in animal studies of stem cell therapy for intrauterine adhesions
title_sort exploring the application value of ultrasound in animal studies of stem cell therapy for intrauterine adhesions
topic Ultrasonography
Stem cell transplantation
Cell- and Tissue-Based therapy
Endometrium
Fibrosis
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14996-9
work_keys_str_mv AT siqiguo exploringtheapplicationvalueofultrasoundinanimalstudiesofstemcelltherapyforintrauterineadhesions
AT wencongli exploringtheapplicationvalueofultrasoundinanimalstudiesofstemcelltherapyforintrauterineadhesions
AT xiaoranchen exploringtheapplicationvalueofultrasoundinanimalstudiesofstemcelltherapyforintrauterineadhesions
AT meijuanliu exploringtheapplicationvalueofultrasoundinanimalstudiesofstemcelltherapyforintrauterineadhesions