TNF-Alpha Levels in Tears: A Novel Biomarker to Assess the Degree of Diabetic Retinopathy
We assess the level of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in tear fluids and other serum parameters associated with diabetes in different degrees of diabetic retinopathy. We have performed a prospective, nonrandomized, observational study. Study populatio...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2013-01-01
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| Series: | Mediators of Inflammation |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/629529 |
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| Summary: | We assess the level of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in tear fluids and other serum
parameters associated with diabetes in different degrees of diabetic retinopathy. We have performed a prospective,
nonrandomized, observational study. Study population consisted of 16 healthy subjects (controls) and 32 type 2
diabetic patients: 16 affected by proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and 16 with nonproliferative retinopathy
(NDPR, background/preproliferative). Body mass index, urinary albumin, blood glucose, HbA1c, and tear levels
of TNF-alpha were measured in all subjects. The value of glycaemia, microalbuminurea, and Body mass index
in diabetic retinopathy groups were higher than those in control group ().
Glycemia in NPDR: 6.6 mmol/L (range: 5.8–6.3); in PDR: 6.7 mmol/L
(range: 6.1–7.2); in control: 5.7 mmol/L (range: 4.9–6.1); microalbuminurea in
NPDR: 10.6 mg/L (range: 5.6–20); in PDR: 25.2 mg/L
(range: 17–40); in control: 5.3 mg/L (range: 2.6–10); Body mass index in
NPDR: 26 Kg/m2 (range: 20.3–40);
in PDR: 28 Kg/m2 (range 20.3–52);
in control: 21 Kg/m2 (range 19–26).
The TNF-alpha concentrations in tears increase with the severity of pathology
and were lower in control group than in diabetic subjects. In the end, the level of TNF-alpha
is highly correlated with severity of diabetic retinopathy and with nephropathy.
Tear fluid collection may be a useful noninvasive method for the detection of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. |
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| ISSN: | 0962-9351 1466-1861 |