Heat Transfer Optimization of Three Sections of Mini-channel with CuO Nanofluid

Three-dimensional channel designs (rectangular, convergent, and converge-diverge) using distilled water and (CuO) nanofluids as a coolant have been compared numerically and experimentally. The flow rate of coolant, and concentration of volume, with Reynolds number (200≤Re≤1000) and volume fraction (...

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Main Authors: F. H. Ali, Z. H. Saadoon, Q. R. Al-amir, H. K. Hamzah
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Isfahan University of Technology 2025-07-01
Series:Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics
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Online Access:https://www.jafmonline.net/article_2720_3ebc9e47e1f8fa014378128dc0f790db.pdf
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author F. H. Ali
Z. H. Saadoon
Q. R. Al-amir
H. K. Hamzah
author_facet F. H. Ali
Z. H. Saadoon
Q. R. Al-amir
H. K. Hamzah
author_sort F. H. Ali
collection DOAJ
description Three-dimensional channel designs (rectangular, convergent, and converge-diverge) using distilled water and (CuO) nanofluids as a coolant have been compared numerically and experimentally. The flow rate of coolant, and concentration of volume, with Reynolds number (200≤Re≤1000) and volume fraction (0%≤φ≤7.5%) are applied. The heat flux was provided from below to simulate the operation of a real heat sink, while the rest of the outer surfaces were isolated to compare the optimum performance between three cross sectional areas. To prove the accurateness of the numerical results and the reliability of the program software, a comparison was made between the experimental and numerical outcomes. The wall temperature and average Nusselt number of pure water and nanofluid were chosen as comparison parameters since they represent global parameters. The comparison results showed good coincidence of wall temperature and Nusselt number results for both distilled and nanofluid. According to the results, raising the nano concentration can improve the heat sink's execution and the Nusselt number improved by 38.4% at a volumetric concentration of 7.5%, while the enhancement reaches 10% when varying the form of minichannel. In general, heat transfer is enhanced with increasing Reynolds number for all proposed shapes. In another context, the results of the performance evaluation criteria showed that the convergent channel has the highest value, followed by the convergent-divergent channel, compared to the rectangular channel.
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spelling doaj-art-6dac87c85cd443f69550a85730f6f9e22025-08-20T03:32:41ZengIsfahan University of TechnologyJournal of Applied Fluid Mechanics1735-35721735-36452025-07-011892434245210.47176/jafm.18.9.33012720Heat Transfer Optimization of Three Sections of Mini-channel with CuO NanofluidF. H. Ali0Z. H. Saadoon1Q. R. Al-amir2H. K. Hamzah3College of Engineering-Mechanical Engineering Department -University of Babylon, Babylon, 51001, IraqCollege of Engineering-Mechanical Engineering Department -University of Babylon, Babylon, 51001, IraqMechanical Power Engineering Department -College of Engineering and Technologies-Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, IraqCollege of Engineering-Mechanical Engineering Department -University of Babylon, Babylon, 51001, IraqThree-dimensional channel designs (rectangular, convergent, and converge-diverge) using distilled water and (CuO) nanofluids as a coolant have been compared numerically and experimentally. The flow rate of coolant, and concentration of volume, with Reynolds number (200≤Re≤1000) and volume fraction (0%≤φ≤7.5%) are applied. The heat flux was provided from below to simulate the operation of a real heat sink, while the rest of the outer surfaces were isolated to compare the optimum performance between three cross sectional areas. To prove the accurateness of the numerical results and the reliability of the program software, a comparison was made between the experimental and numerical outcomes. The wall temperature and average Nusselt number of pure water and nanofluid were chosen as comparison parameters since they represent global parameters. The comparison results showed good coincidence of wall temperature and Nusselt number results for both distilled and nanofluid. According to the results, raising the nano concentration can improve the heat sink's execution and the Nusselt number improved by 38.4% at a volumetric concentration of 7.5%, while the enhancement reaches 10% when varying the form of minichannel. In general, heat transfer is enhanced with increasing Reynolds number for all proposed shapes. In another context, the results of the performance evaluation criteria showed that the convergent channel has the highest value, followed by the convergent-divergent channel, compared to the rectangular channel.https://www.jafmonline.net/article_2720_3ebc9e47e1f8fa014378128dc0f790db.pdfconvergent channelheat sinkmini-channelnanofluidconverge-diverge channel
spellingShingle F. H. Ali
Z. H. Saadoon
Q. R. Al-amir
H. K. Hamzah
Heat Transfer Optimization of Three Sections of Mini-channel with CuO Nanofluid
Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics
convergent channel
heat sink
mini-channel
nanofluid
converge-diverge channel
title Heat Transfer Optimization of Three Sections of Mini-channel with CuO Nanofluid
title_full Heat Transfer Optimization of Three Sections of Mini-channel with CuO Nanofluid
title_fullStr Heat Transfer Optimization of Three Sections of Mini-channel with CuO Nanofluid
title_full_unstemmed Heat Transfer Optimization of Three Sections of Mini-channel with CuO Nanofluid
title_short Heat Transfer Optimization of Three Sections of Mini-channel with CuO Nanofluid
title_sort heat transfer optimization of three sections of mini channel with cuo nanofluid
topic convergent channel
heat sink
mini-channel
nanofluid
converge-diverge channel
url https://www.jafmonline.net/article_2720_3ebc9e47e1f8fa014378128dc0f790db.pdf
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AT qralamir heattransferoptimizationofthreesectionsofminichannelwithcuonanofluid
AT hkhamzah heattransferoptimizationofthreesectionsofminichannelwithcuonanofluid