Impact of the number of dissected lymph nodes on machine learning-based prediction of postoperative lung cancer recurrence: a single-hospital retrospective cohort study
Background The optimal number of lymph nodes to be dissected during lung cancer surgery to minimise the postoperative recurrence risk remains undetermined. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of the number of dissected lymph nodes on the risk of postoperative recurrence of non-small cell lung c...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMJ Publishing Group
2024-09-01
|
| Series: | BMJ Open Respiratory Research |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com/content/11/1/e001926.full |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850261626360430592 |
|---|---|
| author | Kyoichi Okishio Shinji Atagi Kensuke Kojima Hironobu Samejima Toshiteru Tokunaga Hyungeun Yoon |
| author_facet | Kyoichi Okishio Shinji Atagi Kensuke Kojima Hironobu Samejima Toshiteru Tokunaga Hyungeun Yoon |
| author_sort | Kyoichi Okishio |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background The optimal number of lymph nodes to be dissected during lung cancer surgery to minimise the postoperative recurrence risk remains undetermined. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of the number of dissected lymph nodes on the risk of postoperative recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using machine learning algorithms and statistical analyses.Methods We retrospectively analysed 650 patients with NSCLC who underwent complete resection. Five machine learning models were trained using clinicopathological variables to predict postoperative recurrence. The relationship between the number of dissected lymph nodes and postoperative recurrence was investigated in the best-performing model using Shapley additive explanations values and partial dependence plots. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis was performed to estimate the HR for postoperative recurrence based on the number of dissected nodes.Results The random forest model demonstrated superior predictive performance (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.92, accuracy: 0.83, F1 score: 0.64). The partial dependence plot of this model revealed a non-linear dependence of the number of dissected lymph nodes on recurrence prediction within the range of 0–20 nodes, with the weakest dependence at 10 nodes. A linear increase in the dependence was observed for ≥20 dissected nodes. A multivariable analysis revealed a significantly elevated risk of recurrence in the group with ≥20 dissected nodes in comparison to those with <20 nodes (adjusted HR, 1.45; 95% CI 1.003 to 2.087).Conclusions The number of dissected lymph nodes was significantly associated with the risk of postoperative recurrence of NSCLC. The risk of recurrence is minimised when approximately 10 nodes are dissected but may increase when >20 nodes are removed. Limiting lymph node dissection to approximately 20 nodes may help to preserve a favourable antitumour immune environment. These findings provide novel insights into the optimisation of lymph node dissection during lung cancer surgery. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6d83cbe82be841bdb0de6d7d8835ac6c |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2052-4439 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-09-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMJ Open Respiratory Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-6d83cbe82be841bdb0de6d7d8835ac6c2025-08-20T01:55:21ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open Respiratory Research2052-44392024-09-0111110.1136/bmjresp-2023-001926Impact of the number of dissected lymph nodes on machine learning-based prediction of postoperative lung cancer recurrence: a single-hospital retrospective cohort studyKyoichi Okishio0Shinji Atagi1Kensuke Kojima2Hironobu Samejima3Toshiteru Tokunaga4Hyungeun Yoon5Clinical Research Center, NHO Kinki Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, JapanJapan Community Health Care Organization, Yamato Koriyama Hospital, Nara, JapanDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery, NHO Kinki Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, JapanDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery, NHO Kinki Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, JapanDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery, NHO Kinki Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, JapanDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery, NHO Kinki Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, JapanBackground The optimal number of lymph nodes to be dissected during lung cancer surgery to minimise the postoperative recurrence risk remains undetermined. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of the number of dissected lymph nodes on the risk of postoperative recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using machine learning algorithms and statistical analyses.Methods We retrospectively analysed 650 patients with NSCLC who underwent complete resection. Five machine learning models were trained using clinicopathological variables to predict postoperative recurrence. The relationship between the number of dissected lymph nodes and postoperative recurrence was investigated in the best-performing model using Shapley additive explanations values and partial dependence plots. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis was performed to estimate the HR for postoperative recurrence based on the number of dissected nodes.Results The random forest model demonstrated superior predictive performance (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.92, accuracy: 0.83, F1 score: 0.64). The partial dependence plot of this model revealed a non-linear dependence of the number of dissected lymph nodes on recurrence prediction within the range of 0–20 nodes, with the weakest dependence at 10 nodes. A linear increase in the dependence was observed for ≥20 dissected nodes. A multivariable analysis revealed a significantly elevated risk of recurrence in the group with ≥20 dissected nodes in comparison to those with <20 nodes (adjusted HR, 1.45; 95% CI 1.003 to 2.087).Conclusions The number of dissected lymph nodes was significantly associated with the risk of postoperative recurrence of NSCLC. The risk of recurrence is minimised when approximately 10 nodes are dissected but may increase when >20 nodes are removed. Limiting lymph node dissection to approximately 20 nodes may help to preserve a favourable antitumour immune environment. These findings provide novel insights into the optimisation of lymph node dissection during lung cancer surgery.https://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com/content/11/1/e001926.full |
| spellingShingle | Kyoichi Okishio Shinji Atagi Kensuke Kojima Hironobu Samejima Toshiteru Tokunaga Hyungeun Yoon Impact of the number of dissected lymph nodes on machine learning-based prediction of postoperative lung cancer recurrence: a single-hospital retrospective cohort study BMJ Open Respiratory Research |
| title | Impact of the number of dissected lymph nodes on machine learning-based prediction of postoperative lung cancer recurrence: a single-hospital retrospective cohort study |
| title_full | Impact of the number of dissected lymph nodes on machine learning-based prediction of postoperative lung cancer recurrence: a single-hospital retrospective cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Impact of the number of dissected lymph nodes on machine learning-based prediction of postoperative lung cancer recurrence: a single-hospital retrospective cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of the number of dissected lymph nodes on machine learning-based prediction of postoperative lung cancer recurrence: a single-hospital retrospective cohort study |
| title_short | Impact of the number of dissected lymph nodes on machine learning-based prediction of postoperative lung cancer recurrence: a single-hospital retrospective cohort study |
| title_sort | impact of the number of dissected lymph nodes on machine learning based prediction of postoperative lung cancer recurrence a single hospital retrospective cohort study |
| url | https://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com/content/11/1/e001926.full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kyoichiokishio impactofthenumberofdissectedlymphnodesonmachinelearningbasedpredictionofpostoperativelungcancerrecurrenceasinglehospitalretrospectivecohortstudy AT shinjiatagi impactofthenumberofdissectedlymphnodesonmachinelearningbasedpredictionofpostoperativelungcancerrecurrenceasinglehospitalretrospectivecohortstudy AT kensukekojima impactofthenumberofdissectedlymphnodesonmachinelearningbasedpredictionofpostoperativelungcancerrecurrenceasinglehospitalretrospectivecohortstudy AT hironobusamejima impactofthenumberofdissectedlymphnodesonmachinelearningbasedpredictionofpostoperativelungcancerrecurrenceasinglehospitalretrospectivecohortstudy AT toshiterutokunaga impactofthenumberofdissectedlymphnodesonmachinelearningbasedpredictionofpostoperativelungcancerrecurrenceasinglehospitalretrospectivecohortstudy AT hyungeunyoon impactofthenumberofdissectedlymphnodesonmachinelearningbasedpredictionofpostoperativelungcancerrecurrenceasinglehospitalretrospectivecohortstudy |