Fosab, but not fosaa, plays important role in learning and memory in fish—insights from zebrafish gene knockout study

Introduction: Learning and memory allow individuals to adapt to their environmental needs and survive. Fish have the ability to solve complex learning tasks, associative learning, and flexible spatial memory. The proto-oncogene fos (c-fos) has been reported to be involved in brain development, learn...

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Main Authors: Qiuling Wang, Lixin Zhang, Chenyuan Zhu, Ke Lu, Jiaqi Wu, Xu-Fang Liang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-01-01
Series:Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2025.1503066/full
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author Qiuling Wang
Qiuling Wang
Qiuling Wang
Lixin Zhang
Lixin Zhang
Lixin Zhang
Chenyuan Zhu
Chenyuan Zhu
Chenyuan Zhu
Ke Lu
Ke Lu
Ke Lu
Jiaqi Wu
Jiaqi Wu
Jiaqi Wu
Xu-Fang Liang
Xu-Fang Liang
Xu-Fang Liang
author_facet Qiuling Wang
Qiuling Wang
Qiuling Wang
Lixin Zhang
Lixin Zhang
Lixin Zhang
Chenyuan Zhu
Chenyuan Zhu
Chenyuan Zhu
Ke Lu
Ke Lu
Ke Lu
Jiaqi Wu
Jiaqi Wu
Jiaqi Wu
Xu-Fang Liang
Xu-Fang Liang
Xu-Fang Liang
author_sort Qiuling Wang
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Learning and memory allow individuals to adapt to their environmental needs and survive. Fish have the ability to solve complex learning tasks, associative learning, and flexible spatial memory. The proto-oncogene fos (c-fos) has been reported to be involved in brain development, learning and memory in mammals. However, whether the c-fos plays a vital role in learning and memory in fish is unclear.Methods: Almost all fish have two paralogues of c-fos named fosaa and fosab. We used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to generate fosaa and fosab knockout zebrafish models.Results: In this study, we discovered the brain weight marked reduction in fosaa−/− and fosab−/− zebrafish compared with the wild-type (WT) (AB strain) zebrafish. In the T-maze behavioral assay, the fosab−/− zebrafish took significantly more than the average time to complete the assigned trial as the increase in the days compared to WT zebrafish, while the fosaa−/− zebrafish did not show a notable variance. The average time to complete the trial in fosab−/− zebrafish was significantly higher than in WT zebrafish. The relative mRNA expression level of c-jun in fosab−/− zebrafish was significantly higher than that in WT zebrafish, while the fosaa−/− zebrafish has no discernible trend. Additionally, the phylogenetic and multiple amino acid alignment results indicated that fish fosab has a higher identity with mammals Fos.Discussion: By integrating the above results, we found that fosab, but not fosaa, may possess a learning and memory function in fish. For the first time, we illustrated the role of fosaa and fosab in learning and memory via c-fos knockout in fish, which can provide new insights into environmental adaptation.
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spelling doaj-art-6d77cb73d4934f3dbf7a4d7d01134ef72025-01-27T06:40:08ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology2296-634X2025-01-011310.3389/fcell.2025.15030661503066Fosab, but not fosaa, plays important role in learning and memory in fish—insights from zebrafish gene knockout studyQiuling Wang0Qiuling Wang1Qiuling Wang2Lixin Zhang3Lixin Zhang4Lixin Zhang5Chenyuan Zhu6Chenyuan Zhu7Chenyuan Zhu8Ke Lu9Ke Lu10Ke Lu11Jiaqi Wu12Jiaqi Wu13Jiaqi Wu14Xu-Fang Liang15Xu-Fang Liang16Xu-Fang Liang17College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaEngineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, ChinaHubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, ChinaCollege of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaEngineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, ChinaHubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, ChinaCollege of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaEngineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, ChinaHubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, ChinaCollege of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaEngineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, ChinaHubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, ChinaCollege of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaEngineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, ChinaHubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, ChinaCollege of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaEngineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, ChinaHubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, ChinaIntroduction: Learning and memory allow individuals to adapt to their environmental needs and survive. Fish have the ability to solve complex learning tasks, associative learning, and flexible spatial memory. The proto-oncogene fos (c-fos) has been reported to be involved in brain development, learning and memory in mammals. However, whether the c-fos plays a vital role in learning and memory in fish is unclear.Methods: Almost all fish have two paralogues of c-fos named fosaa and fosab. We used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to generate fosaa and fosab knockout zebrafish models.Results: In this study, we discovered the brain weight marked reduction in fosaa−/− and fosab−/− zebrafish compared with the wild-type (WT) (AB strain) zebrafish. In the T-maze behavioral assay, the fosab−/− zebrafish took significantly more than the average time to complete the assigned trial as the increase in the days compared to WT zebrafish, while the fosaa−/− zebrafish did not show a notable variance. The average time to complete the trial in fosab−/− zebrafish was significantly higher than in WT zebrafish. The relative mRNA expression level of c-jun in fosab−/− zebrafish was significantly higher than that in WT zebrafish, while the fosaa−/− zebrafish has no discernible trend. Additionally, the phylogenetic and multiple amino acid alignment results indicated that fish fosab has a higher identity with mammals Fos.Discussion: By integrating the above results, we found that fosab, but not fosaa, may possess a learning and memory function in fish. For the first time, we illustrated the role of fosaa and fosab in learning and memory via c-fos knockout in fish, which can provide new insights into environmental adaptation.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2025.1503066/fullfosaafosablearning and memorybrain developmentzebrafish
spellingShingle Qiuling Wang
Qiuling Wang
Qiuling Wang
Lixin Zhang
Lixin Zhang
Lixin Zhang
Chenyuan Zhu
Chenyuan Zhu
Chenyuan Zhu
Ke Lu
Ke Lu
Ke Lu
Jiaqi Wu
Jiaqi Wu
Jiaqi Wu
Xu-Fang Liang
Xu-Fang Liang
Xu-Fang Liang
Fosab, but not fosaa, plays important role in learning and memory in fish—insights from zebrafish gene knockout study
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
fosaa
fosab
learning and memory
brain development
zebrafish
title Fosab, but not fosaa, plays important role in learning and memory in fish—insights from zebrafish gene knockout study
title_full Fosab, but not fosaa, plays important role in learning and memory in fish—insights from zebrafish gene knockout study
title_fullStr Fosab, but not fosaa, plays important role in learning and memory in fish—insights from zebrafish gene knockout study
title_full_unstemmed Fosab, but not fosaa, plays important role in learning and memory in fish—insights from zebrafish gene knockout study
title_short Fosab, but not fosaa, plays important role in learning and memory in fish—insights from zebrafish gene knockout study
title_sort fosab but not fosaa plays important role in learning and memory in fish insights from zebrafish gene knockout study
topic fosaa
fosab
learning and memory
brain development
zebrafish
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2025.1503066/full
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