Comparison of telemedicine-assisted psychotherapy, exercise therapy, or a combination of both in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome (TelPoCo): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Background Post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) presents in a multitude of ways, with fatigue, physical constraints, and diminished quality of life being common symptoms. It is becoming increasingly clear that unimodal behavioral interventions do benefit all PCS patients. Adherence to and response...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sebastian Beyer, Mariel Nöhre, Isabell Pink, Sebastian Häckl, Nele Henrike Thomas, Frank Klawonn, Uwe Tegtbur, Martina de Zwaan, Sven Haufe
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:Trials
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-025-08968-7
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849234861941850112
author Sebastian Beyer
Mariel Nöhre
Isabell Pink
Sebastian Häckl
Nele Henrike Thomas
Frank Klawonn
Uwe Tegtbur
Martina de Zwaan
Sven Haufe
author_facet Sebastian Beyer
Mariel Nöhre
Isabell Pink
Sebastian Häckl
Nele Henrike Thomas
Frank Klawonn
Uwe Tegtbur
Martina de Zwaan
Sven Haufe
author_sort Sebastian Beyer
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) presents in a multitude of ways, with fatigue, physical constraints, and diminished quality of life being common symptoms. It is becoming increasingly clear that unimodal behavioral interventions do benefit all PCS patients. Adherence to and response to isolated psychotherapy or physical activity interventions vary greatly, with certain patients benefit more from one form of therapy, or even a combination, than others do. The study aims to compare the effects of a single exercise therapy, psychotherapy, and a combination of both therapies. Methods The study will be conducted as a prospective, randomized controlled, open-label trial with 3 treatment arms (exercise therapy, psychotherapy, and combined therapy). According to the sample size calculation, 65 participants will be enrolled in each group. The primary outcome is the change of PCS fatigue symptoms from baseline to 3 months, estimated by the Fatigue Assessment Scale. Secondary endpoints include changes in further measures of fatigue (Chalder Fatigue Skala, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, Post-exertional Malaise Scale, Bell Scale), health-related quality of life (Short Form-36 and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), and work ability (Work Ability Index). The intervention lasts for 3 months and includes online therapy sessions of 50 min every 2 weeks or in case of lack of concentration or fatigue this could be split to two 25-min sessions (all equating to a total of 300 min of specialist care). The psychotherapy adopts a short-term and coping-oriented approach based on the unique requirements of each patient from a psychotherapeutic perspective. Exercise therapy involves a personalized physical activity plan customized to suit the patient’s requirements, with tracking day-to-day physical activity along with daily moderate endurance and strengthening workouts. An ANCOVA model, including the stratification factors sex and BMI, will be used for the primary analysis of Fatigue Assessment Scale. Significance tests will be based on the group differences in least square means and corresponding 95% CIs. Discussion Due to the current relevance of the issue, the unclear evidence so far, and the lack of appropriately powered randomized studies, it is crucial to assess potentially effective concepts for treating patients with PCS. Future therapy decisions will benefit from answering the question of whether combined therapies hold a significant advantage over unimodal therapeutic approaches, as well as identifying predictors that indicate an advantage of certain therapies for particular patients. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06042751 . Registered on 21 September 2023.
format Article
id doaj-art-6d52ba2197134df5a6b88bdce8f062ec
institution Kabale University
issn 1745-6215
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series Trials
spelling doaj-art-6d52ba2197134df5a6b88bdce8f062ec2025-08-20T04:03:00ZengBMCTrials1745-62152025-07-0126111210.1186/s13063-025-08968-7Comparison of telemedicine-assisted psychotherapy, exercise therapy, or a combination of both in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome (TelPoCo): study protocol for a randomized controlled trialSebastian Beyer0Mariel Nöhre1Isabell Pink2Sebastian Häckl3Nele Henrike Thomas4Frank Klawonn5Uwe Tegtbur6Martina de Zwaan7Sven Haufe8Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Hannover Medical SchoolDepartment of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical SchoolDepartment of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hannover Medical SchoolInstitute for Biostatistics, Hannover Medical SchoolInstitute for Biostatistics, Hannover Medical SchoolHelmholtz Center for Infection Research, BiostatisticsDepartment of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Hannover Medical SchoolDepartment of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical SchoolDepartment of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Hannover Medical SchoolAbstract Background Post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) presents in a multitude of ways, with fatigue, physical constraints, and diminished quality of life being common symptoms. It is becoming increasingly clear that unimodal behavioral interventions do benefit all PCS patients. Adherence to and response to isolated psychotherapy or physical activity interventions vary greatly, with certain patients benefit more from one form of therapy, or even a combination, than others do. The study aims to compare the effects of a single exercise therapy, psychotherapy, and a combination of both therapies. Methods The study will be conducted as a prospective, randomized controlled, open-label trial with 3 treatment arms (exercise therapy, psychotherapy, and combined therapy). According to the sample size calculation, 65 participants will be enrolled in each group. The primary outcome is the change of PCS fatigue symptoms from baseline to 3 months, estimated by the Fatigue Assessment Scale. Secondary endpoints include changes in further measures of fatigue (Chalder Fatigue Skala, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, Post-exertional Malaise Scale, Bell Scale), health-related quality of life (Short Form-36 and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), and work ability (Work Ability Index). The intervention lasts for 3 months and includes online therapy sessions of 50 min every 2 weeks or in case of lack of concentration or fatigue this could be split to two 25-min sessions (all equating to a total of 300 min of specialist care). The psychotherapy adopts a short-term and coping-oriented approach based on the unique requirements of each patient from a psychotherapeutic perspective. Exercise therapy involves a personalized physical activity plan customized to suit the patient’s requirements, with tracking day-to-day physical activity along with daily moderate endurance and strengthening workouts. An ANCOVA model, including the stratification factors sex and BMI, will be used for the primary analysis of Fatigue Assessment Scale. Significance tests will be based on the group differences in least square means and corresponding 95% CIs. Discussion Due to the current relevance of the issue, the unclear evidence so far, and the lack of appropriately powered randomized studies, it is crucial to assess potentially effective concepts for treating patients with PCS. Future therapy decisions will benefit from answering the question of whether combined therapies hold a significant advantage over unimodal therapeutic approaches, as well as identifying predictors that indicate an advantage of certain therapies for particular patients. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06042751 . Registered on 21 September 2023.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-025-08968-7Post-COVID-19 syndromeExercise therapyPsychotherapyMultimodal therapy
spellingShingle Sebastian Beyer
Mariel Nöhre
Isabell Pink
Sebastian Häckl
Nele Henrike Thomas
Frank Klawonn
Uwe Tegtbur
Martina de Zwaan
Sven Haufe
Comparison of telemedicine-assisted psychotherapy, exercise therapy, or a combination of both in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome (TelPoCo): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Trials
Post-COVID-19 syndrome
Exercise therapy
Psychotherapy
Multimodal therapy
title Comparison of telemedicine-assisted psychotherapy, exercise therapy, or a combination of both in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome (TelPoCo): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
title_full Comparison of telemedicine-assisted psychotherapy, exercise therapy, or a combination of both in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome (TelPoCo): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
title_fullStr Comparison of telemedicine-assisted psychotherapy, exercise therapy, or a combination of both in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome (TelPoCo): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of telemedicine-assisted psychotherapy, exercise therapy, or a combination of both in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome (TelPoCo): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
title_short Comparison of telemedicine-assisted psychotherapy, exercise therapy, or a combination of both in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome (TelPoCo): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
title_sort comparison of telemedicine assisted psychotherapy exercise therapy or a combination of both in patients with post covid 19 syndrome telpoco study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
topic Post-COVID-19 syndrome
Exercise therapy
Psychotherapy
Multimodal therapy
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-025-08968-7
work_keys_str_mv AT sebastianbeyer comparisonoftelemedicineassistedpsychotherapyexercisetherapyoracombinationofbothinpatientswithpostcovid19syndrometelpocostudyprotocolforarandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT marielnohre comparisonoftelemedicineassistedpsychotherapyexercisetherapyoracombinationofbothinpatientswithpostcovid19syndrometelpocostudyprotocolforarandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT isabellpink comparisonoftelemedicineassistedpsychotherapyexercisetherapyoracombinationofbothinpatientswithpostcovid19syndrometelpocostudyprotocolforarandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT sebastianhackl comparisonoftelemedicineassistedpsychotherapyexercisetherapyoracombinationofbothinpatientswithpostcovid19syndrometelpocostudyprotocolforarandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT nelehenrikethomas comparisonoftelemedicineassistedpsychotherapyexercisetherapyoracombinationofbothinpatientswithpostcovid19syndrometelpocostudyprotocolforarandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT frankklawonn comparisonoftelemedicineassistedpsychotherapyexercisetherapyoracombinationofbothinpatientswithpostcovid19syndrometelpocostudyprotocolforarandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT uwetegtbur comparisonoftelemedicineassistedpsychotherapyexercisetherapyoracombinationofbothinpatientswithpostcovid19syndrometelpocostudyprotocolforarandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT martinadezwaan comparisonoftelemedicineassistedpsychotherapyexercisetherapyoracombinationofbothinpatientswithpostcovid19syndrometelpocostudyprotocolforarandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT svenhaufe comparisonoftelemedicineassistedpsychotherapyexercisetherapyoracombinationofbothinpatientswithpostcovid19syndrometelpocostudyprotocolforarandomizedcontrolledtrial