Causal relationship between immune cells and venous thromboembolism: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Abstract Background Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes Pulmonary embolism (PE) and Deep vein thrombosis (DVT), is a complex vascular disorder with poorly understood pathological mechanisms. Emerging research highlights the potential involvement of immune cells in the pathogenesis of VTE, a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Thrombosis Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12959-025-00754-4 |
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| author | Wen Xiao Danfeng Gu Mingqi Zhang Jiansu Liao Tao Xu Hailin Lu Yang Zhao |
| author_facet | Wen Xiao Danfeng Gu Mingqi Zhang Jiansu Liao Tao Xu Hailin Lu Yang Zhao |
| author_sort | Wen Xiao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes Pulmonary embolism (PE) and Deep vein thrombosis (DVT), is a complex vascular disorder with poorly understood pathological mechanisms. Emerging research highlights the potential involvement of immune cells in the pathogenesis of VTE, although their causal relationship remains unproven. Methods To systematically assess the causal relationships between 731 immune phenotypic traits and VTE, PE, and DVT, this study employed a bidirectional, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. In the forward MR analysis, immune cell characteristics were treated as the exposure, while VTE, DVT, and PE were the outcomes. In the reverse MR analysis, VTE, DVT, and PE were considered exposures, with immune cell characteristics as the outcomes. To ensure the robustness, heterogeneity, and control for potential confounding factors in the study results, we performed a sensitivity analysis. Furthermore, we applied the False discovery rate (FDR) method to account for statistical bias arising from multiple comparisons. Results After FDR correction, we identified potential causal associations between four immune cell types and VTE, six types and PE, and three types and DVT. Conclusion This study demonstrates that specific immune cell types are causally linked to VTE, DVT, and PE, providing valuable insights for future clinical research. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6d2991d35d3f4cdfb36e3dfe983dfdb5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1477-9560 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Thrombosis Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-6d2991d35d3f4cdfb36e3dfe983dfdb52025-08-20T03:46:29ZengBMCThrombosis Journal1477-95602025-08-012311910.1186/s12959-025-00754-4Causal relationship between immune cells and venous thromboembolism: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization studyWen Xiao0Danfeng Gu1Mingqi Zhang2Jiansu Liao3Tao Xu4Hailin Lu5Yang Zhao6Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan UniversityAffiliated Hospital of Jiangnan UniversityWuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan UniversityWuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan UniversityWuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan UniversityAffiliated Hospital of Jiangnan UniversityAffiliated Hospital of Jiangnan UniversityAbstract Background Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes Pulmonary embolism (PE) and Deep vein thrombosis (DVT), is a complex vascular disorder with poorly understood pathological mechanisms. Emerging research highlights the potential involvement of immune cells in the pathogenesis of VTE, although their causal relationship remains unproven. Methods To systematically assess the causal relationships between 731 immune phenotypic traits and VTE, PE, and DVT, this study employed a bidirectional, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. In the forward MR analysis, immune cell characteristics were treated as the exposure, while VTE, DVT, and PE were the outcomes. In the reverse MR analysis, VTE, DVT, and PE were considered exposures, with immune cell characteristics as the outcomes. To ensure the robustness, heterogeneity, and control for potential confounding factors in the study results, we performed a sensitivity analysis. Furthermore, we applied the False discovery rate (FDR) method to account for statistical bias arising from multiple comparisons. Results After FDR correction, we identified potential causal associations between four immune cell types and VTE, six types and PE, and three types and DVT. Conclusion This study demonstrates that specific immune cell types are causally linked to VTE, DVT, and PE, providing valuable insights for future clinical research.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12959-025-00754-4Venous thromboembolismImmune cellsCausal inferenceBidirectional |
| spellingShingle | Wen Xiao Danfeng Gu Mingqi Zhang Jiansu Liao Tao Xu Hailin Lu Yang Zhao Causal relationship between immune cells and venous thromboembolism: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study Thrombosis Journal Venous thromboembolism Immune cells Causal inference Bidirectional |
| title | Causal relationship between immune cells and venous thromboembolism: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study |
| title_full | Causal relationship between immune cells and venous thromboembolism: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study |
| title_fullStr | Causal relationship between immune cells and venous thromboembolism: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Causal relationship between immune cells and venous thromboembolism: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study |
| title_short | Causal relationship between immune cells and venous thromboembolism: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study |
| title_sort | causal relationship between immune cells and venous thromboembolism a bidirectional two sample mendelian randomization study |
| topic | Venous thromboembolism Immune cells Causal inference Bidirectional |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12959-025-00754-4 |
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