Expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines in partial target organs of type 2 diabetes mellitus rhesus monkey
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease caused by carbohydrate metabolism disturbance, insulin resistance and reduction of insulin. Many studies confirmed that the disequilibrium of Th1/Th2 cells concerned with T2DM. IL-2 and IFN-γ mediate the growth of Th1 cells which induce cellular immunity....
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Zhejiang University Press
2015-05-01
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| Series: | 浙江大学学报. 农业与生命科学版 |
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| Online Access: | https://www.academax.com/doi/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2014.10.081 |
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| author | Chen Shanshan Luo Qihui Zeng Wen Cheng Anchun Liu Wentao Shi Liangqin Chen Zhengli |
| author_facet | Chen Shanshan Luo Qihui Zeng Wen Cheng Anchun Liu Wentao Shi Liangqin Chen Zhengli |
| author_sort | Chen Shanshan |
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| description | Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease caused by carbohydrate metabolism disturbance, insulin resistance and reduction of insulin. Many studies confirmed that the disequilibrium of Th1/Th2 cells concerned with T2DM. IL-2 and IFN-γ mediate the growth of Th1 cells which induce cellular immunity. IL-4 and IL-10 are key mediators of Th2 cells which play an important role in humoral immunity. The principal goal of the present research is to detect the changes of Th1/Th2 cytokines in the pathogenesis of T2DM.Five male healthy rhesus monkeys and five male T2DM rhesus monkeys induced by high-fat diets were used in the study. All rhesus monkeys had been checked without any infections such as bacteria and parasite before trials. After induced for 24 months, the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) mean value of all T2DM rhesus monkeys was higher than 7.0 mmol/L, and that of the control rhesus monkeys was below 6.11 mmol/L. Typical symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus were also observed in T2DM rhesus monkeys. The FPG met the WHO and ADA standards for type 2 diabetes mellitus.Animals were scarified after ketamine anesthesia. Target organs (liver, kidney, heart and pancreas) were fixed in paraformaldehyde, embedded in paraffin and sliced. The pathological changes were studied by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the expressions of IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 were observed by immunohistochemistry. Mean density was measured by IPP 6.0 (Image-pro plus 6.0) to evaluate their variation.Neutrophil cell infiltration which means chronic inflammation was observed in hepatic sinusoid of T2DM rhesus monkeys, and hepatic sinusoid of T2DM was wider than healthy rhesus monkeys. Different degrees of cellular swell and atrophy as well as necrosis were found in kidney, heart and pancreas. All the tested organs in the study were damaged in the process of T2DM.IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-γ were only expressed in kidney and pancreas, and IL-10 was expressed in all the four organs. IL-2 was only expressed in langerhans islet and kidney tubules, but IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 were expressed in endocrine and exocrine pancreas, kidney tubules. IL-10 was also expressed in hepatic and myocardial cell. The expression of IFN-γ and IL-10 were significantly increased (P<0.01), but IL-4 was decreased oppositely (P<0.01). The expression of IL-2 in pancreas and kidney had no difference between T2DM and health rhesus monkeys (P>0.05).In conclusion, IL-2, Th1 cytokines, has no significant change, but IFN-γ of Th1 cell is expressed higher in T2DM. Simultaneously, IL-4 and IL-10, Th2 cytokines, change oppositely. Inflammation exists in the process of T2DM. Difference distribution and level of Th1/Th2 cytokines between T2DM and health rhesus monkeys show that Th1/Th2 cell disequilibrium is key mediators in T2DM. According to the complex changes of cytokines of Th1/Th2 cells, it needs further researches to define the relationship of Th1/Th2 balance with T2DM. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1008-9209 2097-5155 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2015-05-01 |
| publisher | Zhejiang University Press |
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| series | 浙江大学学报. 农业与生命科学版 |
| spelling | doaj-art-6cdb7e2aa3b94fa4a7b0be43581d9b7c2025-08-20T03:58:18ZengZhejiang University Press浙江大学学报. 农业与生命科学版1008-92092097-51552015-05-014130230810.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2014.10.08110089209Expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines in partial target organs of type 2 diabetes mellitus rhesus monkeyChen ShanshanLuo QihuiZeng WenCheng AnchunLiu WentaoShi LiangqinChen ZhengliType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease caused by carbohydrate metabolism disturbance, insulin resistance and reduction of insulin. Many studies confirmed that the disequilibrium of Th1/Th2 cells concerned with T2DM. IL-2 and IFN-γ mediate the growth of Th1 cells which induce cellular immunity. IL-4 and IL-10 are key mediators of Th2 cells which play an important role in humoral immunity. The principal goal of the present research is to detect the changes of Th1/Th2 cytokines in the pathogenesis of T2DM.Five male healthy rhesus monkeys and five male T2DM rhesus monkeys induced by high-fat diets were used in the study. All rhesus monkeys had been checked without any infections such as bacteria and parasite before trials. After induced for 24 months, the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) mean value of all T2DM rhesus monkeys was higher than 7.0 mmol/L, and that of the control rhesus monkeys was below 6.11 mmol/L. Typical symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus were also observed in T2DM rhesus monkeys. The FPG met the WHO and ADA standards for type 2 diabetes mellitus.Animals were scarified after ketamine anesthesia. Target organs (liver, kidney, heart and pancreas) were fixed in paraformaldehyde, embedded in paraffin and sliced. The pathological changes were studied by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the expressions of IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 were observed by immunohistochemistry. Mean density was measured by IPP 6.0 (Image-pro plus 6.0) to evaluate their variation.Neutrophil cell infiltration which means chronic inflammation was observed in hepatic sinusoid of T2DM rhesus monkeys, and hepatic sinusoid of T2DM was wider than healthy rhesus monkeys. Different degrees of cellular swell and atrophy as well as necrosis were found in kidney, heart and pancreas. All the tested organs in the study were damaged in the process of T2DM.IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-γ were only expressed in kidney and pancreas, and IL-10 was expressed in all the four organs. IL-2 was only expressed in langerhans islet and kidney tubules, but IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 were expressed in endocrine and exocrine pancreas, kidney tubules. IL-10 was also expressed in hepatic and myocardial cell. The expression of IFN-γ and IL-10 were significantly increased (P<0.01), but IL-4 was decreased oppositely (P<0.01). The expression of IL-2 in pancreas and kidney had no difference between T2DM and health rhesus monkeys (P>0.05).In conclusion, IL-2, Th1 cytokines, has no significant change, but IFN-γ of Th1 cell is expressed higher in T2DM. Simultaneously, IL-4 and IL-10, Th2 cytokines, change oppositely. Inflammation exists in the process of T2DM. Difference distribution and level of Th1/Th2 cytokines between T2DM and health rhesus monkeys show that Th1/Th2 cell disequilibrium is key mediators in T2DM. According to the complex changes of cytokines of Th1/Th2 cells, it needs further researches to define the relationship of Th1/Th2 balance with T2DM.https://www.academax.com/doi/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2014.10.081Th1/Th2cytokinestype 2 diabetes mellitusrhesus monkey |
| spellingShingle | Chen Shanshan Luo Qihui Zeng Wen Cheng Anchun Liu Wentao Shi Liangqin Chen Zhengli Expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines in partial target organs of type 2 diabetes mellitus rhesus monkey 浙江大学学报. 农业与生命科学版 Th1/Th2 cytokines type 2 diabetes mellitus rhesus monkey |
| title | Expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines in partial target organs of type 2 diabetes mellitus rhesus monkey |
| title_full | Expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines in partial target organs of type 2 diabetes mellitus rhesus monkey |
| title_fullStr | Expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines in partial target organs of type 2 diabetes mellitus rhesus monkey |
| title_full_unstemmed | Expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines in partial target organs of type 2 diabetes mellitus rhesus monkey |
| title_short | Expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines in partial target organs of type 2 diabetes mellitus rhesus monkey |
| title_sort | expression of th1 th2 cytokines in partial target organs of type 2 diabetes mellitus rhesus monkey |
| topic | Th1/Th2 cytokines type 2 diabetes mellitus rhesus monkey |
| url | https://www.academax.com/doi/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2014.10.081 |
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