Probiotic <i>Lactobacillus johnsonii</i> Reduces Intestinal Inflammation and Rebalances Splenic Treg/Th17 Responses in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, is frequently complicated by extraintestinal manifestations such as functional hyposplenism. Increasing evidence highlights its pathogenesis as a multifactorial interplay of gut dysbiosis, intestinal bar...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hao-Yu Liu, Shicheng Li, Kennedy Jerry Ogamune, Peng Yuan, Xinyu Shi, Wael Ennab, Abdelkareem A. Ahmed, In Ho Kim, Ping Hu, Demin Cai
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Antioxidants
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/4/433
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850156127279382528
author Hao-Yu Liu
Shicheng Li
Kennedy Jerry Ogamune
Peng Yuan
Xinyu Shi
Wael Ennab
Abdelkareem A. Ahmed
In Ho Kim
Ping Hu
Demin Cai
author_facet Hao-Yu Liu
Shicheng Li
Kennedy Jerry Ogamune
Peng Yuan
Xinyu Shi
Wael Ennab
Abdelkareem A. Ahmed
In Ho Kim
Ping Hu
Demin Cai
author_sort Hao-Yu Liu
collection DOAJ
description Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, is frequently complicated by extraintestinal manifestations such as functional hyposplenism. Increasing evidence highlights its pathogenesis as a multifactorial interplay of gut dysbiosis, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and dysregulated immune responses. While probiotics, particularly <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp., have emerged as potential therapeutics for IBD, restoring intestinal homeostasis, their systemic immunomodulatory effects remain underexplored. Here, we investigated the protective role of <i>Lactobacillus johnsonii</i> N5 in DSS-induced colitis, focusing on inflammation inhibition and splenic T cell regulation. Pretreatment with <i>L. johnsonii</i> N5 significantly attenuated colitis severity, as evidenced by preserved body weight, reduced disease activity index, and prevention of colon shortening. N5 suppressed colonic pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, Il-1b, Il-6, and CXCL1, while elevating anti-inflammatory IL-10 at both mRNA and protein levels. Transcriptomic analysis of the spleen revealed that N5 mediated the downregulation of inflammatory pathways, including the IL-17 and TNF signaling pathways, as well as the HIF-1 signaling pathway, and modulated the metabolic pathway of oxidative phosphorylation. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that N5 rebalanced splenic Treg/Th17 responses by expanding the Treg population and reducing the production of IL-17A in Th17 cells. Notably, Th17-associated IL-17A positively correlated with intestinal pro-inflammatory mediators, emphasizing the role of Th17 cells in driving colitis. In contrast, splenic Treg abundance positively correlated with colonic IL-10 levels, suggesting a link between systemic immune regulation and intestinal anti-inflammatory responses. Our study underscores the therapeutic potential of targeting gut–immune crosstalk through probiotics, thereby offering valuable insights for developing live bacterial-based interventions for IBD and other inflammatory disorders.
format Article
id doaj-art-6c8d6e30b3094eb880b807ef4939c58a
institution OA Journals
issn 2076-3921
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Antioxidants
spelling doaj-art-6c8d6e30b3094eb880b807ef4939c58a2025-08-20T02:24:42ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212025-04-0114443310.3390/antiox14040433Probiotic <i>Lactobacillus johnsonii</i> Reduces Intestinal Inflammation and Rebalances Splenic Treg/Th17 Responses in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced ColitisHao-Yu Liu0Shicheng Li1Kennedy Jerry Ogamune2Peng Yuan3Xinyu Shi4Wael Ennab5Abdelkareem A. Ahmed6In Ho Kim7Ping Hu8Demin Cai9College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaDepartment of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gaborone P.O. Box 100, BotswanaDepartment of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of KoreaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaInflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, is frequently complicated by extraintestinal manifestations such as functional hyposplenism. Increasing evidence highlights its pathogenesis as a multifactorial interplay of gut dysbiosis, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and dysregulated immune responses. While probiotics, particularly <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp., have emerged as potential therapeutics for IBD, restoring intestinal homeostasis, their systemic immunomodulatory effects remain underexplored. Here, we investigated the protective role of <i>Lactobacillus johnsonii</i> N5 in DSS-induced colitis, focusing on inflammation inhibition and splenic T cell regulation. Pretreatment with <i>L. johnsonii</i> N5 significantly attenuated colitis severity, as evidenced by preserved body weight, reduced disease activity index, and prevention of colon shortening. N5 suppressed colonic pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, Il-1b, Il-6, and CXCL1, while elevating anti-inflammatory IL-10 at both mRNA and protein levels. Transcriptomic analysis of the spleen revealed that N5 mediated the downregulation of inflammatory pathways, including the IL-17 and TNF signaling pathways, as well as the HIF-1 signaling pathway, and modulated the metabolic pathway of oxidative phosphorylation. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that N5 rebalanced splenic Treg/Th17 responses by expanding the Treg population and reducing the production of IL-17A in Th17 cells. Notably, Th17-associated IL-17A positively correlated with intestinal pro-inflammatory mediators, emphasizing the role of Th17 cells in driving colitis. In contrast, splenic Treg abundance positively correlated with colonic IL-10 levels, suggesting a link between systemic immune regulation and intestinal anti-inflammatory responses. Our study underscores the therapeutic potential of targeting gut–immune crosstalk through probiotics, thereby offering valuable insights for developing live bacterial-based interventions for IBD and other inflammatory disorders.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/4/433inflammatory bowel disease<i>Lactobacillus johnsonii</i>gut microbiotaspleenTreg/Th17
spellingShingle Hao-Yu Liu
Shicheng Li
Kennedy Jerry Ogamune
Peng Yuan
Xinyu Shi
Wael Ennab
Abdelkareem A. Ahmed
In Ho Kim
Ping Hu
Demin Cai
Probiotic <i>Lactobacillus johnsonii</i> Reduces Intestinal Inflammation and Rebalances Splenic Treg/Th17 Responses in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis
Antioxidants
inflammatory bowel disease
<i>Lactobacillus johnsonii</i>
gut microbiota
spleen
Treg/Th17
title Probiotic <i>Lactobacillus johnsonii</i> Reduces Intestinal Inflammation and Rebalances Splenic Treg/Th17 Responses in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis
title_full Probiotic <i>Lactobacillus johnsonii</i> Reduces Intestinal Inflammation and Rebalances Splenic Treg/Th17 Responses in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis
title_fullStr Probiotic <i>Lactobacillus johnsonii</i> Reduces Intestinal Inflammation and Rebalances Splenic Treg/Th17 Responses in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis
title_full_unstemmed Probiotic <i>Lactobacillus johnsonii</i> Reduces Intestinal Inflammation and Rebalances Splenic Treg/Th17 Responses in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis
title_short Probiotic <i>Lactobacillus johnsonii</i> Reduces Intestinal Inflammation and Rebalances Splenic Treg/Th17 Responses in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis
title_sort probiotic i lactobacillus johnsonii i reduces intestinal inflammation and rebalances splenic treg th17 responses in dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis
topic inflammatory bowel disease
<i>Lactobacillus johnsonii</i>
gut microbiota
spleen
Treg/Th17
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/4/433
work_keys_str_mv AT haoyuliu probioticilactobacillusjohnsoniiireducesintestinalinflammationandrebalancessplenictregth17responsesindextransulfatesodiuminducedcolitis
AT shichengli probioticilactobacillusjohnsoniiireducesintestinalinflammationandrebalancessplenictregth17responsesindextransulfatesodiuminducedcolitis
AT kennedyjerryogamune probioticilactobacillusjohnsoniiireducesintestinalinflammationandrebalancessplenictregth17responsesindextransulfatesodiuminducedcolitis
AT pengyuan probioticilactobacillusjohnsoniiireducesintestinalinflammationandrebalancessplenictregth17responsesindextransulfatesodiuminducedcolitis
AT xinyushi probioticilactobacillusjohnsoniiireducesintestinalinflammationandrebalancessplenictregth17responsesindextransulfatesodiuminducedcolitis
AT waelennab probioticilactobacillusjohnsoniiireducesintestinalinflammationandrebalancessplenictregth17responsesindextransulfatesodiuminducedcolitis
AT abdelkareemaahmed probioticilactobacillusjohnsoniiireducesintestinalinflammationandrebalancessplenictregth17responsesindextransulfatesodiuminducedcolitis
AT inhokim probioticilactobacillusjohnsoniiireducesintestinalinflammationandrebalancessplenictregth17responsesindextransulfatesodiuminducedcolitis
AT pinghu probioticilactobacillusjohnsoniiireducesintestinalinflammationandrebalancessplenictregth17responsesindextransulfatesodiuminducedcolitis
AT demincai probioticilactobacillusjohnsoniiireducesintestinalinflammationandrebalancessplenictregth17responsesindextransulfatesodiuminducedcolitis