Extracellular vesicles of Limosilactobacillus fermentum SLAM216 ameliorate skin symptoms of atopic dermatitis by regulating gut microbiome on serotonin metabolism

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a globally prevalent chronic inflammatory skin disorder. Its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood, resulting in considerable therapeutic challenges. Recent studies have highlighted the significance of the interaction between AD and gut microbiome. In this study, we...

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Main Authors: Hyejin Choi, Min-Jin Kwak, Youbin Choi, An Na Kang, Daye Mun, Ju Young Eor, Mi Ri Park, Sangnam Oh, Younghoon Kim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:Gut Microbes
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19490976.2025.2474256
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author Hyejin Choi
Min-Jin Kwak
Youbin Choi
An Na Kang
Daye Mun
Ju Young Eor
Mi Ri Park
Sangnam Oh
Younghoon Kim
author_facet Hyejin Choi
Min-Jin Kwak
Youbin Choi
An Na Kang
Daye Mun
Ju Young Eor
Mi Ri Park
Sangnam Oh
Younghoon Kim
author_sort Hyejin Choi
collection DOAJ
description Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a globally prevalent chronic inflammatory skin disorder. Its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood, resulting in considerable therapeutic challenges. Recent studies have highlighted the significance of the interaction between AD and gut microbiome. In this study, we investigated the effects of probiotic-derived extracellular vesicles on AD. Initially, we isolated and characterized extracellular vesicles from Limosilactobacillus fermentum SLAM 216 (LF216EV) and characterized their composition through multi-omics analysis. Gene ontology (GO) and pathway analysis classified LF216EV proteins into biological processes, molecular functions, and cellular components. Importantly, specific abundance in linoleic, oleic, palmitic, sebacic, and stearic acids indicating upregulated fatty acid metabolism were observed by metabolomic analysis. Furthermore, featured lipid profiling including AcylGlcADG and ceramide were observed in LF216EV. Importantly, in an atopic dermatitis-like cell model induced by TNFα/IFNγ, LF216EV significantly modulated the expression of immune regulatory genes (TSLP, TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, and MDC), indicating its potential functionality in atopic dermatitis. LF216EV alleviated AD-like phenotypes, such as redness, scaling/dryness, and excoriation, induced by DNCB. Histopathological analysis revealed that LF216EV decreased epidermal thickness and mast cell infiltration in the dermis. Furthermore, LF216EV administration reduced mouse scratching and depression-related behaviors, with a faster onset than the classical treatment with dexamethasone. In the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis, we observed a significant increase in the expression levels of htrb2c, sert, and tph-1, genes associated with serotonin, in the skin and gut of the LF216EV-treated group, along with a significant increase in the total serum serotonin levels. Gut microbiome analysis of the LF216EV-treated group revealed an altered gut microbiota profile. Correlation analysis revealed that the genera Limosilactobacillus and Desulfovibrio were associated with differences in the intestinal metabolites, including serotonin. Our findings demonstrate that LF216EV mitigates AD-like symptoms by promoting serotonin synthesis through the modulation of gut microbiota and metabolome composition.
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spelling doaj-art-6c8b297219424d49a0c4f0b7e8a0dbc32025-08-20T03:22:22ZengTaylor & Francis GroupGut Microbes1949-09761949-09842025-12-0117110.1080/19490976.2025.2474256Extracellular vesicles of Limosilactobacillus fermentum SLAM216 ameliorate skin symptoms of atopic dermatitis by regulating gut microbiome on serotonin metabolismHyejin Choi0Min-Jin Kwak1Youbin Choi2An Na Kang3Daye Mun4Ju Young Eor5Mi Ri Park6Sangnam Oh7Younghoon Kim8Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, KoreaFood Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, KoreaDepartment of Functional Food and Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju, KoreaDepartment of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, KoreaAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a globally prevalent chronic inflammatory skin disorder. Its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood, resulting in considerable therapeutic challenges. Recent studies have highlighted the significance of the interaction between AD and gut microbiome. In this study, we investigated the effects of probiotic-derived extracellular vesicles on AD. Initially, we isolated and characterized extracellular vesicles from Limosilactobacillus fermentum SLAM 216 (LF216EV) and characterized their composition through multi-omics analysis. Gene ontology (GO) and pathway analysis classified LF216EV proteins into biological processes, molecular functions, and cellular components. Importantly, specific abundance in linoleic, oleic, palmitic, sebacic, and stearic acids indicating upregulated fatty acid metabolism were observed by metabolomic analysis. Furthermore, featured lipid profiling including AcylGlcADG and ceramide were observed in LF216EV. Importantly, in an atopic dermatitis-like cell model induced by TNFα/IFNγ, LF216EV significantly modulated the expression of immune regulatory genes (TSLP, TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, and MDC), indicating its potential functionality in atopic dermatitis. LF216EV alleviated AD-like phenotypes, such as redness, scaling/dryness, and excoriation, induced by DNCB. Histopathological analysis revealed that LF216EV decreased epidermal thickness and mast cell infiltration in the dermis. Furthermore, LF216EV administration reduced mouse scratching and depression-related behaviors, with a faster onset than the classical treatment with dexamethasone. In the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis, we observed a significant increase in the expression levels of htrb2c, sert, and tph-1, genes associated with serotonin, in the skin and gut of the LF216EV-treated group, along with a significant increase in the total serum serotonin levels. Gut microbiome analysis of the LF216EV-treated group revealed an altered gut microbiota profile. Correlation analysis revealed that the genera Limosilactobacillus and Desulfovibrio were associated with differences in the intestinal metabolites, including serotonin. Our findings demonstrate that LF216EV mitigates AD-like symptoms by promoting serotonin synthesis through the modulation of gut microbiota and metabolome composition.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19490976.2025.2474256Atopic dermatitisgut-skin axisextracellular vesiclegut microbiomemulti-omics analysis
spellingShingle Hyejin Choi
Min-Jin Kwak
Youbin Choi
An Na Kang
Daye Mun
Ju Young Eor
Mi Ri Park
Sangnam Oh
Younghoon Kim
Extracellular vesicles of Limosilactobacillus fermentum SLAM216 ameliorate skin symptoms of atopic dermatitis by regulating gut microbiome on serotonin metabolism
Gut Microbes
Atopic dermatitis
gut-skin axis
extracellular vesicle
gut microbiome
multi-omics analysis
title Extracellular vesicles of Limosilactobacillus fermentum SLAM216 ameliorate skin symptoms of atopic dermatitis by regulating gut microbiome on serotonin metabolism
title_full Extracellular vesicles of Limosilactobacillus fermentum SLAM216 ameliorate skin symptoms of atopic dermatitis by regulating gut microbiome on serotonin metabolism
title_fullStr Extracellular vesicles of Limosilactobacillus fermentum SLAM216 ameliorate skin symptoms of atopic dermatitis by regulating gut microbiome on serotonin metabolism
title_full_unstemmed Extracellular vesicles of Limosilactobacillus fermentum SLAM216 ameliorate skin symptoms of atopic dermatitis by regulating gut microbiome on serotonin metabolism
title_short Extracellular vesicles of Limosilactobacillus fermentum SLAM216 ameliorate skin symptoms of atopic dermatitis by regulating gut microbiome on serotonin metabolism
title_sort extracellular vesicles of limosilactobacillus fermentum slam216 ameliorate skin symptoms of atopic dermatitis by regulating gut microbiome on serotonin metabolism
topic Atopic dermatitis
gut-skin axis
extracellular vesicle
gut microbiome
multi-omics analysis
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19490976.2025.2474256
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