Strengthening ethical oversight in genomics and biobanking: a retrospective analysis of research practices in Zimbabwe

Abstract Background As genomics and biobanking expanded rapidly across Africa, ethical governance frameworks for genomic research and biobanking often failed to keep pace, particularly in countries like Zimbabwe, where research increasingly involved international collaboration, but regulatory oversi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Oppah Kuguyo, Alice Matimba, Florence Mutevedzi, Andrew Chimatira, Vasco Chikwasha, Abigail Kangwende, Lovemore Gwanzura, Paul Ndebele
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:BMC Medical Ethics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12910-025-01257-7
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849234622452334592
author Oppah Kuguyo
Alice Matimba
Florence Mutevedzi
Andrew Chimatira
Vasco Chikwasha
Abigail Kangwende
Lovemore Gwanzura
Paul Ndebele
author_facet Oppah Kuguyo
Alice Matimba
Florence Mutevedzi
Andrew Chimatira
Vasco Chikwasha
Abigail Kangwende
Lovemore Gwanzura
Paul Ndebele
author_sort Oppah Kuguyo
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background As genomics and biobanking expanded rapidly across Africa, ethical governance frameworks for genomic research and biobanking often failed to keep pace, particularly in countries like Zimbabwe, where research increasingly involved international collaboration, but regulatory oversight remained limited. This study analysed how Zimbabwean researchers addressed the ethical, legal, and sociocultural issues (ELSIs) central to human biospecimen and genomic research. Methods We conducted a comprehensive review of research protocols submitted to the Medical Research Council of Zimbabwe between 2009 and 2016, specifically those involving human biospecimen collection, biobanking, and genomic research. A structured abstraction form was employed to evaluate how these protocols addressed key ELSIs, including informed consent, biospecimen and data sharing, benefit sharing, and intellectual property considerations. Results Of the 200 eligible protocols, 92(46%) were submitted by independent research institutions and 67(33.5%) by universities. Consent practices varied: 99(49.5%) protocols utilized specific consent, 37(18.5%) employed broad consent, and 37(18.5%) used blanket consent. Notably, 2(1%) protocols did not use consent forms, opting instead for broad or specific notifications. Only 44(22%) protocols included plans for the destruction of collected samples. While 44(22%) protocols involved exporting biospecimens, nearly two-thirds of these lacked a material transfer agreement (MTA). Critically, benefit sharing was absent across all protocols, and only 26(13%) addressed intellectual property rights. Conclusions This review exposes systemic gaps in the ethical planning of genomics and biobanking research in Zimbabwe. Although researchers are increasingly engaging in cutting-edge science, the regulatory and ethical frameworks require transformation. The limited attention to benefit sharing, consent for future use, and intellectual property reflects deeper governance and equity challenges. To protect research participants and ensure ethical integrity, Zimbabwe urgently needs updated national guidelines that define minimum standards for addressing a full range of ELSIs, moving beyond consent and privacy to embrace justice, accountability, and long-term stewardship. Strengthening these frameworks is crucial to ensuring ethical integrity in Zimbabwe’s growing biobanking and genomic research landscape.
format Article
id doaj-art-6c67191e96654697a46dd30d333e1f80
institution Kabale University
issn 1472-6939
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Medical Ethics
spelling doaj-art-6c67191e96654697a46dd30d333e1f802025-08-20T04:03:06ZengBMCBMC Medical Ethics1472-69392025-07-0126111410.1186/s12910-025-01257-7Strengthening ethical oversight in genomics and biobanking: a retrospective analysis of research practices in ZimbabweOppah Kuguyo0Alice Matimba1Florence Mutevedzi2Andrew Chimatira3Vasco Chikwasha4Abigail Kangwende5Lovemore Gwanzura6Paul Ndebele7Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of ZimbabweDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of ZimbabweDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of ZimbabweDepartment of Global Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of ZimbabweDepartment of Global Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of ZimbabweClinical Research Centre, Africa UniversityDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of ZimbabweDepartment of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington UniversityAbstract Background As genomics and biobanking expanded rapidly across Africa, ethical governance frameworks for genomic research and biobanking often failed to keep pace, particularly in countries like Zimbabwe, where research increasingly involved international collaboration, but regulatory oversight remained limited. This study analysed how Zimbabwean researchers addressed the ethical, legal, and sociocultural issues (ELSIs) central to human biospecimen and genomic research. Methods We conducted a comprehensive review of research protocols submitted to the Medical Research Council of Zimbabwe between 2009 and 2016, specifically those involving human biospecimen collection, biobanking, and genomic research. A structured abstraction form was employed to evaluate how these protocols addressed key ELSIs, including informed consent, biospecimen and data sharing, benefit sharing, and intellectual property considerations. Results Of the 200 eligible protocols, 92(46%) were submitted by independent research institutions and 67(33.5%) by universities. Consent practices varied: 99(49.5%) protocols utilized specific consent, 37(18.5%) employed broad consent, and 37(18.5%) used blanket consent. Notably, 2(1%) protocols did not use consent forms, opting instead for broad or specific notifications. Only 44(22%) protocols included plans for the destruction of collected samples. While 44(22%) protocols involved exporting biospecimens, nearly two-thirds of these lacked a material transfer agreement (MTA). Critically, benefit sharing was absent across all protocols, and only 26(13%) addressed intellectual property rights. Conclusions This review exposes systemic gaps in the ethical planning of genomics and biobanking research in Zimbabwe. Although researchers are increasingly engaging in cutting-edge science, the regulatory and ethical frameworks require transformation. The limited attention to benefit sharing, consent for future use, and intellectual property reflects deeper governance and equity challenges. To protect research participants and ensure ethical integrity, Zimbabwe urgently needs updated national guidelines that define minimum standards for addressing a full range of ELSIs, moving beyond consent and privacy to embrace justice, accountability, and long-term stewardship. Strengthening these frameworks is crucial to ensuring ethical integrity in Zimbabwe’s growing biobanking and genomic research landscape.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12910-025-01257-7EthicsGenomicsBiobankingSub-saharan AfricaResearch practiceZimbabwe
spellingShingle Oppah Kuguyo
Alice Matimba
Florence Mutevedzi
Andrew Chimatira
Vasco Chikwasha
Abigail Kangwende
Lovemore Gwanzura
Paul Ndebele
Strengthening ethical oversight in genomics and biobanking: a retrospective analysis of research practices in Zimbabwe
BMC Medical Ethics
Ethics
Genomics
Biobanking
Sub-saharan Africa
Research practice
Zimbabwe
title Strengthening ethical oversight in genomics and biobanking: a retrospective analysis of research practices in Zimbabwe
title_full Strengthening ethical oversight in genomics and biobanking: a retrospective analysis of research practices in Zimbabwe
title_fullStr Strengthening ethical oversight in genomics and biobanking: a retrospective analysis of research practices in Zimbabwe
title_full_unstemmed Strengthening ethical oversight in genomics and biobanking: a retrospective analysis of research practices in Zimbabwe
title_short Strengthening ethical oversight in genomics and biobanking: a retrospective analysis of research practices in Zimbabwe
title_sort strengthening ethical oversight in genomics and biobanking a retrospective analysis of research practices in zimbabwe
topic Ethics
Genomics
Biobanking
Sub-saharan Africa
Research practice
Zimbabwe
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12910-025-01257-7
work_keys_str_mv AT oppahkuguyo strengtheningethicaloversightingenomicsandbiobankingaretrospectiveanalysisofresearchpracticesinzimbabwe
AT alicematimba strengtheningethicaloversightingenomicsandbiobankingaretrospectiveanalysisofresearchpracticesinzimbabwe
AT florencemutevedzi strengtheningethicaloversightingenomicsandbiobankingaretrospectiveanalysisofresearchpracticesinzimbabwe
AT andrewchimatira strengtheningethicaloversightingenomicsandbiobankingaretrospectiveanalysisofresearchpracticesinzimbabwe
AT vascochikwasha strengtheningethicaloversightingenomicsandbiobankingaretrospectiveanalysisofresearchpracticesinzimbabwe
AT abigailkangwende strengtheningethicaloversightingenomicsandbiobankingaretrospectiveanalysisofresearchpracticesinzimbabwe
AT lovemoregwanzura strengtheningethicaloversightingenomicsandbiobankingaretrospectiveanalysisofresearchpracticesinzimbabwe
AT paulndebele strengtheningethicaloversightingenomicsandbiobankingaretrospectiveanalysisofresearchpracticesinzimbabwe