Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare providers in pre-hospital care in Nepal
IntroductionPre-hospital emergency care is crucial for improving patient outcomes, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where trauma is a leading cause of death. In Nepal, inadequate pre-hospital care contributes to approximately 16,600 preventable deaths annually. This study asses...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1623868/full |
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| author | Pavan Kumar Sah Wenyi Lai Neelam Gupta Bimal Singh Bist Sanjib Gautam Khem Raj Sapkota Bipin Koirala Ileana Kong Zhuo Morlai Sesay Ying Guan Ying Guan |
| author_facet | Pavan Kumar Sah Wenyi Lai Neelam Gupta Bimal Singh Bist Sanjib Gautam Khem Raj Sapkota Bipin Koirala Ileana Kong Zhuo Morlai Sesay Ying Guan Ying Guan |
| author_sort | Pavan Kumar Sah |
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| description | IntroductionPre-hospital emergency care is crucial for improving patient outcomes, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where trauma is a leading cause of death. In Nepal, inadequate pre-hospital care contributes to approximately 16,600 preventable deaths annually. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of healthcare providers in pre-hospital care to identify factors influencing their preparedness.MethodsA quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, utilizing a 35-item questionnaire based on a 5-point Likert scale. Data were collected via an online survey (Google Forms) from 517 healthcare providers (doctors, nurses, and paramedics) across 16 hubs and 76 satellite hospitals in Nepal’s seven provinces based on a systematic randomization technique. Data were described with median and interquartile range. Nonparametric analysis, rank Spearman’s rank correlation, and ordinal regression were used to analyze the data.ResultsThe study revealed that 62% of providers had good knowledge, 66% exhibited positive attitudes, but only 25% demonstrated good practice. Significant variations were observed by gender, profession, and workplace, with males, doctors, and private hospital providers scoring higher in knowledge and practice. Moderate correlations were found between knowledge, attitude, and practice (rs = 0.420–0.562, p < 0.001). Ordinal logistic regression indicated significant associations between demographic factors and KAP levels.ConclusionDespite good knowledge and positive attitudes, only 25% demonstrated good practice, indicating practical implementation of pre-hospital care remains suboptimal. Targeted training programs, simulation-based learning, and continuous professional development will be needed to bridge the gap between knowledge and practice. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-2565 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-6c625602b3564c7eacbf3f01e754d33b2025-08-20T03:32:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652025-07-011310.3389/fpubh.2025.16238681623868Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare providers in pre-hospital care in NepalPavan Kumar Sah0Wenyi Lai1Neelam Gupta2Bimal Singh Bist3Sanjib Gautam4Khem Raj Sapkota5Bipin Koirala6Ileana Kong Zhuo7Morlai Sesay8Ying Guan9Ying Guan10Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Pediatrics, Paropakar Maternity and Women's Hospital, Kathmandu, NepalDepartment of Health Education, Graduate School of Education, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, NepalNepal College of Information Technology, Lalitpur, NepalSchool of International Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaSchool of International Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaSchool of International Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaIntroductionPre-hospital emergency care is crucial for improving patient outcomes, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where trauma is a leading cause of death. In Nepal, inadequate pre-hospital care contributes to approximately 16,600 preventable deaths annually. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of healthcare providers in pre-hospital care to identify factors influencing their preparedness.MethodsA quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, utilizing a 35-item questionnaire based on a 5-point Likert scale. Data were collected via an online survey (Google Forms) from 517 healthcare providers (doctors, nurses, and paramedics) across 16 hubs and 76 satellite hospitals in Nepal’s seven provinces based on a systematic randomization technique. Data were described with median and interquartile range. Nonparametric analysis, rank Spearman’s rank correlation, and ordinal regression were used to analyze the data.ResultsThe study revealed that 62% of providers had good knowledge, 66% exhibited positive attitudes, but only 25% demonstrated good practice. Significant variations were observed by gender, profession, and workplace, with males, doctors, and private hospital providers scoring higher in knowledge and practice. Moderate correlations were found between knowledge, attitude, and practice (rs = 0.420–0.562, p < 0.001). Ordinal logistic regression indicated significant associations between demographic factors and KAP levels.ConclusionDespite good knowledge and positive attitudes, only 25% demonstrated good practice, indicating practical implementation of pre-hospital care remains suboptimal. Targeted training programs, simulation-based learning, and continuous professional development will be needed to bridge the gap between knowledge and practice.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1623868/fullemergency medical servicesSustainable Development Goalshealthcare workerspre-hospital systemNepalKAP survey |
| spellingShingle | Pavan Kumar Sah Wenyi Lai Neelam Gupta Bimal Singh Bist Sanjib Gautam Khem Raj Sapkota Bipin Koirala Ileana Kong Zhuo Morlai Sesay Ying Guan Ying Guan Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare providers in pre-hospital care in Nepal Frontiers in Public Health emergency medical services Sustainable Development Goals healthcare workers pre-hospital system Nepal KAP survey |
| title | Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare providers in pre-hospital care in Nepal |
| title_full | Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare providers in pre-hospital care in Nepal |
| title_fullStr | Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare providers in pre-hospital care in Nepal |
| title_full_unstemmed | Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare providers in pre-hospital care in Nepal |
| title_short | Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare providers in pre-hospital care in Nepal |
| title_sort | knowledge attitudes and practices of healthcare providers in pre hospital care in nepal |
| topic | emergency medical services Sustainable Development Goals healthcare workers pre-hospital system Nepal KAP survey |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1623868/full |
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