Unique skin nodules following COVID-19 vaccination: a case report of cutaneous plasmacytosis and review of the literature

Abstract Background Cutaneous plasmacytosis (CP) is a rare disorder that may affect two or more organ systems, such as skin, lymph nodes or lungs. The pathogenesis of CP remains unknown, and in most cases, the condition follows a chronic and benign clinical course without spontaneous remission. Case...

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Main Authors: Xiaoxi Xu, Wuwu Ding, Haizhen Song, Dong Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-03-01
Series:Virology Journal
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-025-02653-6
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author Xiaoxi Xu
Wuwu Ding
Haizhen Song
Dong Wang
author_facet Xiaoxi Xu
Wuwu Ding
Haizhen Song
Dong Wang
author_sort Xiaoxi Xu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Cutaneous plasmacytosis (CP) is a rare disorder that may affect two or more organ systems, such as skin, lymph nodes or lungs. The pathogenesis of CP remains unknown, and in most cases, the condition follows a chronic and benign clinical course without spontaneous remission. Case presentation A 50-year-old male who developed necrotizing skin nodules without other systemic abnormalities four days after the first doses of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. Oral prednisone improved the lesions by approximately 70%. However, signs of CP recurrence manifested 15 days after the second dose of COVID-19 vaccination. Ultimately, the patient experienced spontaneous remission after contracting SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusion This case uniquely associates COVID-19 inactivated vaccine with CP, where the same lesions appeared after two vaccinations and subsequently resolved following SARS-CoV-2 infection. This provides valuable clinical data for future studies on viral infections and cutaneous B-cell immunity.
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issn 1743-422X
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spelling doaj-art-6c6229bf24534986a0040e5fcc58dc4e2025-08-20T03:05:52ZengBMCVirology Journal1743-422X2025-03-012211610.1186/s12985-025-02653-6Unique skin nodules following COVID-19 vaccination: a case report of cutaneous plasmacytosis and review of the literatureXiaoxi Xu0Wuwu Ding1Haizhen Song2Dong Wang3Department of Dermatovenereology, Deyang People’s HospitalDepartment of Pathology, Deyang People’s HospitalDepartment of Dermatovenereology, Deyang People’s HospitalDepartment of Dermatovenereology, Deyang People’s HospitalAbstract Background Cutaneous plasmacytosis (CP) is a rare disorder that may affect two or more organ systems, such as skin, lymph nodes or lungs. The pathogenesis of CP remains unknown, and in most cases, the condition follows a chronic and benign clinical course without spontaneous remission. Case presentation A 50-year-old male who developed necrotizing skin nodules without other systemic abnormalities four days after the first doses of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. Oral prednisone improved the lesions by approximately 70%. However, signs of CP recurrence manifested 15 days after the second dose of COVID-19 vaccination. Ultimately, the patient experienced spontaneous remission after contracting SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusion This case uniquely associates COVID-19 inactivated vaccine with CP, where the same lesions appeared after two vaccinations and subsequently resolved following SARS-CoV-2 infection. This provides valuable clinical data for future studies on viral infections and cutaneous B-cell immunity.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-025-02653-6Cutaneous plasmacytosisCOVID-19 vaccineSkin adverse reactionsIL-6Cutaneous immunityImmune tolerance
spellingShingle Xiaoxi Xu
Wuwu Ding
Haizhen Song
Dong Wang
Unique skin nodules following COVID-19 vaccination: a case report of cutaneous plasmacytosis and review of the literature
Virology Journal
Cutaneous plasmacytosis
COVID-19 vaccine
Skin adverse reactions
IL-6
Cutaneous immunity
Immune tolerance
title Unique skin nodules following COVID-19 vaccination: a case report of cutaneous plasmacytosis and review of the literature
title_full Unique skin nodules following COVID-19 vaccination: a case report of cutaneous plasmacytosis and review of the literature
title_fullStr Unique skin nodules following COVID-19 vaccination: a case report of cutaneous plasmacytosis and review of the literature
title_full_unstemmed Unique skin nodules following COVID-19 vaccination: a case report of cutaneous plasmacytosis and review of the literature
title_short Unique skin nodules following COVID-19 vaccination: a case report of cutaneous plasmacytosis and review of the literature
title_sort unique skin nodules following covid 19 vaccination a case report of cutaneous plasmacytosis and review of the literature
topic Cutaneous plasmacytosis
COVID-19 vaccine
Skin adverse reactions
IL-6
Cutaneous immunity
Immune tolerance
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-025-02653-6
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