Integrating Blockchains with the IoT: A Review of Architectures and Marine Use Cases
This review examines the integration of blockchain technology with the IoT in the Marine Internet of Things (MIoT) and Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT), with applications in areas such as oceanographic monitoring and naval defense. These environments present distinct challenges, including a limi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Computers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/13/12/329 |
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| author | Andreas Polyvios Delladetsimas Stamatis Papangelou Elias Iosif George Giaglis |
| author_facet | Andreas Polyvios Delladetsimas Stamatis Papangelou Elias Iosif George Giaglis |
| author_sort | Andreas Polyvios Delladetsimas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This review examines the integration of blockchain technology with the IoT in the Marine Internet of Things (MIoT) and Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT), with applications in areas such as oceanographic monitoring and naval defense. These environments present distinct challenges, including a limited communication bandwidth, energy constraints, and secure data handling needs. Enhancing BIoT systems requires a strategic selection of computing paradigms, such as edge and fog computing, and lightweight nodes to reduce latency and improve data processing in resource-limited settings. While a blockchain can improve data integrity and security, it can also introduce complexities, including interoperability issues, high energy consumption, standardization challenges, and costly transitions from legacy systems. The solutions reviewed here include lightweight consensus mechanisms to reduce computational demands. They also utilize established platforms, such as Ethereum and Hyperledger, or custom blockchains designed to meet marine-specific requirements. Additional approaches incorporate technologies such as fog and edge layers, software-defined networking (SDN), the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) for decentralized storage, and AI-enhanced security measures, all adapted to each application’s needs. Future research will need to prioritize scalability, energy efficiency, and interoperability for effective BIoT deployment. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6c2bd6aa3e374a17ae4fcb7ca904f55f |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2073-431X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Computers |
| spelling | doaj-art-6c2bd6aa3e374a17ae4fcb7ca904f55f2025-08-20T02:00:21ZengMDPI AGComputers2073-431X2024-12-01131232910.3390/computers13120329Integrating Blockchains with the IoT: A Review of Architectures and Marine Use CasesAndreas Polyvios Delladetsimas0Stamatis Papangelou1Elias Iosif2George Giaglis3Department of Digital Innovation, School of Business, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, CyprusDepartment of Digital Innovation, School of Business, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, CyprusDepartment of Digital Innovation, School of Business, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, CyprusDepartment of Digital Innovation, School of Business, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, CyprusThis review examines the integration of blockchain technology with the IoT in the Marine Internet of Things (MIoT) and Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT), with applications in areas such as oceanographic monitoring and naval defense. These environments present distinct challenges, including a limited communication bandwidth, energy constraints, and secure data handling needs. Enhancing BIoT systems requires a strategic selection of computing paradigms, such as edge and fog computing, and lightweight nodes to reduce latency and improve data processing in resource-limited settings. While a blockchain can improve data integrity and security, it can also introduce complexities, including interoperability issues, high energy consumption, standardization challenges, and costly transitions from legacy systems. The solutions reviewed here include lightweight consensus mechanisms to reduce computational demands. They also utilize established platforms, such as Ethereum and Hyperledger, or custom blockchains designed to meet marine-specific requirements. Additional approaches incorporate technologies such as fog and edge layers, software-defined networking (SDN), the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) for decentralized storage, and AI-enhanced security measures, all adapted to each application’s needs. Future research will need to prioritize scalability, energy efficiency, and interoperability for effective BIoT deployment.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/13/12/329blockchain-enabled IoT (BIoT)edge computingfog computinginternet of underwater things (IoUT)marine blockchain solutionsmarine internet of things (MIoT) |
| spellingShingle | Andreas Polyvios Delladetsimas Stamatis Papangelou Elias Iosif George Giaglis Integrating Blockchains with the IoT: A Review of Architectures and Marine Use Cases Computers blockchain-enabled IoT (BIoT) edge computing fog computing internet of underwater things (IoUT) marine blockchain solutions marine internet of things (MIoT) |
| title | Integrating Blockchains with the IoT: A Review of Architectures and Marine Use Cases |
| title_full | Integrating Blockchains with the IoT: A Review of Architectures and Marine Use Cases |
| title_fullStr | Integrating Blockchains with the IoT: A Review of Architectures and Marine Use Cases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Integrating Blockchains with the IoT: A Review of Architectures and Marine Use Cases |
| title_short | Integrating Blockchains with the IoT: A Review of Architectures and Marine Use Cases |
| title_sort | integrating blockchains with the iot a review of architectures and marine use cases |
| topic | blockchain-enabled IoT (BIoT) edge computing fog computing internet of underwater things (IoUT) marine blockchain solutions marine internet of things (MIoT) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/13/12/329 |
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