Preclinical and clinical development of preventive rotavirus vaccines: special considerations
INTRODUCTION. Vaccination is recognised as the only effective method for preventing rotavirus disease. Rotavirus remains a leading cause of death in young children, mainly, in developing countries. Currently, oral rotavirus vaccines for infant immunisation are available worldwide, and novel types of...
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| Format: | Article |
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Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Federal State Budgetary Institution «Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products»
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Биопрепараты: Профилактика, диагностика, лечение |
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| Online Access: | https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/609 |
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| author | A. S. Korovkin D. V. Gorenkov A. A. Soldatov V. A. Merkulov |
| author_facet | A. S. Korovkin D. V. Gorenkov A. A. Soldatov V. A. Merkulov |
| author_sort | A. S. Korovkin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | INTRODUCTION. Vaccination is recognised as the only effective method for preventing rotavirus disease. Rotavirus remains a leading cause of death in young children, mainly, in developing countries. Currently, oral rotavirus vaccines for infant immunisation are available worldwide, and novel types of rotavirus vaccines are also under development, in particular, in the Russian Federation. However, there are no regulations or guidelines helping developers to design an optimal preclinical and clinical programme for rotavirus vaccines.AIM. This study aimed to analyse and summarise global experience in planning and conducting preclinical and clinical studies of rotavirus vaccines in order to provide recommendations for national vaccine developers.DISCUSSION. This study presents an analysis of the available data (and, specifically, the data obtained for the past five years) on all rotavirus vaccines used in the world that have been clinically proven to be effective in preventing severe rotavirus gastroenteritis and reducing the number of hospital admissions due to acute intestinal infections. The effectiveness of rotavirus vaccines varies in different regions of the world and may be lower in developing countries for various reasons. The safety profile of oral rotavirus vaccines is generally considered favourable. Nevertheless, there are still some concerns regarding intestinal intussusception in infants following vaccination. To address the abovementioned problems, researchers, including those in Russia, are developing novel types of rotavirus vaccines, predominantly focusing on inactivated (subunit or recombinant) preparations. For planning and conducting preclinical studies of a rotavirus vaccine, it is advisable to adopt general approaches that involve assessing the acute and chronic toxicity, immunogenicity, and safety pharmacology of the rotavirus vaccine and the virus-neutralising activity of vaccination-induced antibodies. Clinical trials of a rotavirus vaccine should assess its effectiveness in preventing rotavirus gastroenteritis of any severity, hospitalisation, and acute viral intestinal infections of any aetiology in the target age group of young children. Furthermore, it is important to confirm the safety of the rotavirus vaccine and demonstrate the absence of mutual interference with the immunogenicity of the rotavirus vaccine and other vaccines co-administered in the vaccination schedule.CONCLUSIONS. Preclinical studies of rotavirus vaccines may use standard and generally accepted approaches. However, planning and conducting clinical trials requires specific considerations associated with both the nature of rotavirus infection and the national infant vaccination schedule. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6c1172032043445997db76d185db4abf |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2221-996X 2619-1156 |
| language | Russian |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Federal State Budgetary Institution «Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products» |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Биопрепараты: Профилактика, диагностика, лечение |
| spelling | doaj-art-6c1172032043445997db76d185db4abf2025-08-20T03:59:39ZrusMinistry of Health of the Russian Federation. Federal State Budgetary Institution «Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products»Биопрепараты: Профилактика, диагностика, лечение2221-996X2619-11562024-12-0124437738810.30895/2221-996X-2024-24-4-377-388394Preclinical and clinical development of preventive rotavirus vaccines: special considerationsA. S. Korovkin0D. V. Gorenkov1A. A. Soldatov2V. A. Merkulov3Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal ProductsScientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal ProductsScientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal ProductsScientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal ProductsINTRODUCTION. Vaccination is recognised as the only effective method for preventing rotavirus disease. Rotavirus remains a leading cause of death in young children, mainly, in developing countries. Currently, oral rotavirus vaccines for infant immunisation are available worldwide, and novel types of rotavirus vaccines are also under development, in particular, in the Russian Federation. However, there are no regulations or guidelines helping developers to design an optimal preclinical and clinical programme for rotavirus vaccines.AIM. This study aimed to analyse and summarise global experience in planning and conducting preclinical and clinical studies of rotavirus vaccines in order to provide recommendations for national vaccine developers.DISCUSSION. This study presents an analysis of the available data (and, specifically, the data obtained for the past five years) on all rotavirus vaccines used in the world that have been clinically proven to be effective in preventing severe rotavirus gastroenteritis and reducing the number of hospital admissions due to acute intestinal infections. The effectiveness of rotavirus vaccines varies in different regions of the world and may be lower in developing countries for various reasons. The safety profile of oral rotavirus vaccines is generally considered favourable. Nevertheless, there are still some concerns regarding intestinal intussusception in infants following vaccination. To address the abovementioned problems, researchers, including those in Russia, are developing novel types of rotavirus vaccines, predominantly focusing on inactivated (subunit or recombinant) preparations. For planning and conducting preclinical studies of a rotavirus vaccine, it is advisable to adopt general approaches that involve assessing the acute and chronic toxicity, immunogenicity, and safety pharmacology of the rotavirus vaccine and the virus-neutralising activity of vaccination-induced antibodies. Clinical trials of a rotavirus vaccine should assess its effectiveness in preventing rotavirus gastroenteritis of any severity, hospitalisation, and acute viral intestinal infections of any aetiology in the target age group of young children. Furthermore, it is important to confirm the safety of the rotavirus vaccine and demonstrate the absence of mutual interference with the immunogenicity of the rotavirus vaccine and other vaccines co-administered in the vaccination schedule.CONCLUSIONS. Preclinical studies of rotavirus vaccines may use standard and generally accepted approaches. However, planning and conducting clinical trials requires specific considerations associated with both the nature of rotavirus infection and the national infant vaccination schedule.https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/609vaccinesrotavirus infectionrotaviruspreclinical developmentclinical trialsnational vaccination schedule |
| spellingShingle | A. S. Korovkin D. V. Gorenkov A. A. Soldatov V. A. Merkulov Preclinical and clinical development of preventive rotavirus vaccines: special considerations Биопрепараты: Профилактика, диагностика, лечение vaccines rotavirus infection rotavirus preclinical development clinical trials national vaccination schedule |
| title | Preclinical and clinical development of preventive rotavirus vaccines: special considerations |
| title_full | Preclinical and clinical development of preventive rotavirus vaccines: special considerations |
| title_fullStr | Preclinical and clinical development of preventive rotavirus vaccines: special considerations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preclinical and clinical development of preventive rotavirus vaccines: special considerations |
| title_short | Preclinical and clinical development of preventive rotavirus vaccines: special considerations |
| title_sort | preclinical and clinical development of preventive rotavirus vaccines special considerations |
| topic | vaccines rotavirus infection rotavirus preclinical development clinical trials national vaccination schedule |
| url | https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/609 |
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