Dynamic viscosity and refractive index of aliphatic n-heptane with substituted aromatic hydrocarbons at T = (303.15 to 323.15) K and atmospheric pressure

Dynamic viscosity and refractive index of aliphatic n-heptane with substituted aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene, o-xylene, and mesitylene were measured at T = (303.15 to 323.15) K and atmospheric pressure. The measurements were carried out over the whole range of composition using A-type Ostwa...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: M. Abdur Rahaman, M. Kamrul Hossain, Shamim Akhtar, Hossain M. Shahadat
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Chemical Thermodynamics and Thermal Analysis
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667312625000288
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850226171126480896
author M. Abdur Rahaman
M. Kamrul Hossain
Shamim Akhtar
Hossain M. Shahadat
author_facet M. Abdur Rahaman
M. Kamrul Hossain
Shamim Akhtar
Hossain M. Shahadat
author_sort M. Abdur Rahaman
collection DOAJ
description Dynamic viscosity and refractive index of aliphatic n-heptane with substituted aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene, o-xylene, and mesitylene were measured at T = (303.15 to 323.15) K and atmospheric pressure. The measurements were carried out over the whole range of composition using A-type Ostwald viscometer and Abbe Utility (Abbe 60/E) refractometer. From dynamic viscosity data, viscosity deviation and excess Gibbs free energy of activation were calculated, while the excess molar refraction was obtained from refractive index data. The values of dynamic viscosity and refractive index were fitted with concentration dependent 4th order polynomial equation and their excess values to the Redlich–Kister type polynomial equation. The viscosity deviation and excess free energy of activation with respect to mole fraction of aromatic hydrocarbons formed negative lobe with minima at x2 = 0.55, whereas deviation of refractive index formed negative lobe for n-heptane + toluene system and positive lobe for n-heptane + o-xylene and n-heptane + mesitylene systems. Dispersive force is dominated in n-heptane + toluene system, whereas favorable geometric fitting is responsible for other two systems.
format Article
id doaj-art-6baa9082ae534c8caf44b4e93d0d4af6
institution OA Journals
issn 2667-3126
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Chemical Thermodynamics and Thermal Analysis
spelling doaj-art-6baa9082ae534c8caf44b4e93d0d4af62025-08-20T02:05:09ZengElsevierChemical Thermodynamics and Thermal Analysis2667-31262025-06-011810018810.1016/j.ctta.2025.100188Dynamic viscosity and refractive index of aliphatic n-heptane with substituted aromatic hydrocarbons at T = (303.15 to 323.15) K and atmospheric pressureM. Abdur Rahaman0M. Kamrul Hossain1Shamim Akhtar2Hossain M. Shahadat3Department of Chemistry, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh; Corresponding authors.Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331, BangladeshDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331, BangladeshLab. of Organometallics, Catalysis and Ordered Materials (LOCOM), Comilla University, Cumilla, 3506, Bangladesh; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Comilla University, Cumilla, 3506, Bangladesh; Corresponding authors.Dynamic viscosity and refractive index of aliphatic n-heptane with substituted aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene, o-xylene, and mesitylene were measured at T = (303.15 to 323.15) K and atmospheric pressure. The measurements were carried out over the whole range of composition using A-type Ostwald viscometer and Abbe Utility (Abbe 60/E) refractometer. From dynamic viscosity data, viscosity deviation and excess Gibbs free energy of activation were calculated, while the excess molar refraction was obtained from refractive index data. The values of dynamic viscosity and refractive index were fitted with concentration dependent 4th order polynomial equation and their excess values to the Redlich–Kister type polynomial equation. The viscosity deviation and excess free energy of activation with respect to mole fraction of aromatic hydrocarbons formed negative lobe with minima at x2 = 0.55, whereas deviation of refractive index formed negative lobe for n-heptane + toluene system and positive lobe for n-heptane + o-xylene and n-heptane + mesitylene systems. Dispersive force is dominated in n-heptane + toluene system, whereas favorable geometric fitting is responsible for other two systems.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667312625000288Viscosity deviationRefractive indexExcess molar refractionEnergy of activationn-heptaneAromatic hydrocarbon
spellingShingle M. Abdur Rahaman
M. Kamrul Hossain
Shamim Akhtar
Hossain M. Shahadat
Dynamic viscosity and refractive index of aliphatic n-heptane with substituted aromatic hydrocarbons at T = (303.15 to 323.15) K and atmospheric pressure
Chemical Thermodynamics and Thermal Analysis
Viscosity deviation
Refractive index
Excess molar refraction
Energy of activation
n-heptane
Aromatic hydrocarbon
title Dynamic viscosity and refractive index of aliphatic n-heptane with substituted aromatic hydrocarbons at T = (303.15 to 323.15) K and atmospheric pressure
title_full Dynamic viscosity and refractive index of aliphatic n-heptane with substituted aromatic hydrocarbons at T = (303.15 to 323.15) K and atmospheric pressure
title_fullStr Dynamic viscosity and refractive index of aliphatic n-heptane with substituted aromatic hydrocarbons at T = (303.15 to 323.15) K and atmospheric pressure
title_full_unstemmed Dynamic viscosity and refractive index of aliphatic n-heptane with substituted aromatic hydrocarbons at T = (303.15 to 323.15) K and atmospheric pressure
title_short Dynamic viscosity and refractive index of aliphatic n-heptane with substituted aromatic hydrocarbons at T = (303.15 to 323.15) K and atmospheric pressure
title_sort dynamic viscosity and refractive index of aliphatic n heptane with substituted aromatic hydrocarbons at t 303 15 to 323 15 k and atmospheric pressure
topic Viscosity deviation
Refractive index
Excess molar refraction
Energy of activation
n-heptane
Aromatic hydrocarbon
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667312625000288
work_keys_str_mv AT mabdurrahaman dynamicviscosityandrefractiveindexofaliphaticnheptanewithsubstitutedaromatichydrocarbonsatt30315to32315kandatmosphericpressure
AT mkamrulhossain dynamicviscosityandrefractiveindexofaliphaticnheptanewithsubstitutedaromatichydrocarbonsatt30315to32315kandatmosphericpressure
AT shamimakhtar dynamicviscosityandrefractiveindexofaliphaticnheptanewithsubstitutedaromatichydrocarbonsatt30315to32315kandatmosphericpressure
AT hossainmshahadat dynamicviscosityandrefractiveindexofaliphaticnheptanewithsubstitutedaromatichydrocarbonsatt30315to32315kandatmosphericpressure