Metabolic Disruptions and Non-Communicable Disease Risks Associated with Long-Term Particulate Matter Exposure in Northern Thailand: An NMR-Based Metabolomics Study

Metabolic Disruptions and Non-Communicable Disease Risks Associated with Long-Term Particulate Matter Exposure in Northern Thailand: An NMR-Based Metabolomics Study

<b>Background/Objectives</b>: Particulate matter (PM) is a primary health hazard associated with metabolic pathway disruption. Population characteristics, topography, sources, and PM components contribute to health impacts. <b>Methods</b>: In this study, NMR-based metabolomic...

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Main Authors: Churdsak Jaikang, Giatgong Konguthaithip, Yutti Amornlertwatana, Narongchai Autsavapromporn, Sirichet Rattanachitthawat, Nitip Liampongsabuddhi, Tawachai Monum
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Biomedicines
Subjects:
particulate matter
blood metabolomics
health effect
NMR-based metabolomics
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/3/742
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Summary:<b>Background/Objectives</b>: Particulate matter (PM) is a primary health hazard associated with metabolic pathway disruption. Population characteristics, topography, sources, and PM components contribute to health impacts. <b>Methods</b>: In this study, NMR-based metabolomics was used to evaluate the health impacts of prolonged exposure to PM. Blood samples (<i>n</i> = 197) were collected from healthy volunteers in low- (control; CG) and high-exposure areas (exposure; EG) in Northern Thailand. Non-targeted metabolite analysis was performed using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (<sup>1</sup>H-NMR). <b>Results</b>: Compared to CG, EG showed significantly increased levels of dopamine, N6-methyladenosine, 3-hydroxyproline, 5-carboxylcytosine, and cytidine (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while biopterin, adenosine, L-Histidine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine were significantly higher in CG (<i>p</i> < 0.05). These metabolic disturbances suggest that chronic exposure to particulate matter (PM) impairs energy and amino acid metabolism while enhancing oxidative stress, potentially contributing to the onset of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cancer and neurodegenerative conditions. <b>Conclusions</b>: This study highlighted the connection between sub-chronic PM2.5 exposure, metabolic disturbances, and an increased risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), stressing the critical need for effective PM2.5 reduction strategies in Northern Thailand.
ISSN:2227-9059

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