Physical Exercise Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Autonomic Dysregulation in a Rat Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) induces immunological and autonomic imbalances. Exercise is a beneficial strategy for controlling IBD symptoms. We investigated the role of exercise on gastrointestinal (GI) motility changes and autonomic parameters in rats with ileitis. Rats were divided into contro...

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Main Authors: Brenda Lois Barros dos Santos, Alda Cássia Alves da Silva, Juliana Soares Severo, Bruno de Sousa Barbosa, Maisa Campêlo de Sousa, Francisco Assis dos Santos Moreira, Lucas Estevão de Sousa, Heron Silva Soares, Antônio Klingem Leite de Freitas, Francisco Leonardo Torres-Leal, Paulo Correia-de-Sá, Armênio Aguiar dos Santos, Moisés Tolentino Bento da Silva
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Antioxidants
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/3/328
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author Brenda Lois Barros dos Santos
Alda Cássia Alves da Silva
Juliana Soares Severo
Bruno de Sousa Barbosa
Maisa Campêlo de Sousa
Francisco Assis dos Santos Moreira
Lucas Estevão de Sousa
Heron Silva Soares
Antônio Klingem Leite de Freitas
Francisco Leonardo Torres-Leal
Paulo Correia-de-Sá
Armênio Aguiar dos Santos
Moisés Tolentino Bento da Silva
author_facet Brenda Lois Barros dos Santos
Alda Cássia Alves da Silva
Juliana Soares Severo
Bruno de Sousa Barbosa
Maisa Campêlo de Sousa
Francisco Assis dos Santos Moreira
Lucas Estevão de Sousa
Heron Silva Soares
Antônio Klingem Leite de Freitas
Francisco Leonardo Torres-Leal
Paulo Correia-de-Sá
Armênio Aguiar dos Santos
Moisés Tolentino Bento da Silva
author_sort Brenda Lois Barros dos Santos
collection DOAJ
description Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) induces immunological and autonomic imbalances. Exercise is a beneficial strategy for controlling IBD symptoms. We investigated the role of exercise on gastrointestinal (GI) motility changes and autonomic parameters in rats with ileitis. Rats were divided into control, ileitis, and exercise+ileitis groups. Ileitis was induced by TNBS (40 mM, intraileally). The exercise was swimming (1 h/day/4 weeks, 5%/bw). We assessed eating behaviour and oxidative stress. Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance. Autonomic balance and ECG parameters were measured by an electrocardiogram (ECG). Gastrointestinal motility was evaluated using the phenol red technique. In terms of body composition, total body water (TBW), body mass index (BMI), and fat-free mass (FFM) were higher in the ileitis group (216.80 ± 11.44 mL; 24.09 ± 2.15 g/cm<sup>2</sup>; 287.1 ± 14.66 g) (<i>p</i> < 0.05) vs. control rats (130.06 ± 28.23 mL; 16.38 ± 2.50 g/cm<sup>2</sup>; 193 ± 42.21 g) and exercise prevented (91.33 ± 12.33 mL; 11.73 ± 0.47 g/cm<sup>2</sup>; 133.8 ± 16.82 g) (<i>p</i> < 0.05) these changes. The exercise+ileitis group induces a reduction (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in gastric retention vs. ileitis and control (11.22 ± 1.91% vs. 35.17 ± 1.01% and 33.96 ± 1.77%). Ileitis increased intestinal retention in the duodenum (46.3 ± 2.56% vs. 24.98 ± 1.78%) and jejunum (34.22 ± 2.33% and 34.72 ± 2.83% vs. 47.32 ± 1.48%) (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and decreased intestinal retention in the ileum (<i>p</i> < 0.05) vs. the control group. Exercise+ileitis prevented (<i>p</i> < 0.05) changes in the duodenum (24.96 ± 1.66% vs. 46.3 ± 2.56%) and ileum (40.32 ± 3.75% vs. 14.08 ± 0.88%). Ileitis induces high MDA levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05) vs. control rats (4.43 ± 0.69 vs. 2.15 ± 0.12 nmol/mg of the tissue). This effect was prevented (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the exercise+ileitis group (2.75 ± 0.21 vs. 4.43 ± 0.69 nmol/mg of the tissue). We observed a reduction in the LF component (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the ileitis group vs. control group (31.32 ± 3.99 vs. 43.43 ± 3.86). The correlation indicated a stronger interrelationship between the autonomic parameter and intestinal retention in the ileum (r: 0.68; <i>p:</i> 0.04). The current study suggests intestinal ileitis alters GI motility and autonomic balance, and physical exercise can represent an essential non-pharmacological approach to IBD treatment.
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spelling doaj-art-6b95fe3fb27d4e03911db09fc624e8f02025-08-20T02:42:45ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212025-03-0114332810.3390/antiox14030328Physical Exercise Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Autonomic Dysregulation in a Rat Model of Inflammatory Bowel DiseaseBrenda Lois Barros dos Santos0Alda Cássia Alves da Silva1Juliana Soares Severo2Bruno de Sousa Barbosa3Maisa Campêlo de Sousa4Francisco Assis dos Santos Moreira5Lucas Estevão de Sousa6Heron Silva Soares7Antônio Klingem Leite de Freitas8Francisco Leonardo Torres-Leal9Paulo Correia-de-Sá10Armênio Aguiar dos Santos11Moisés Tolentino Bento da Silva12Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64049-550, PI, BrazilLaboratory of Exercise and Gastrointestinal Tract—Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64049-550, PI, BrazilLaboratory of Exercise and Gastrointestinal Tract—Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64049-550, PI, BrazilGraduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64049-550, PI, BrazilDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-270, CE, BrazilGraduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64049-550, PI, BrazilLaboratory of Exercise and Gastrointestinal Tract—Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64049-550, PI, BrazilLaboratory of Exercise and Gastrointestinal Tract—Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64049-550, PI, BrazilDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-270, CE, BrazilGraduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64049-550, PI, BrazilLaboratory of Pharmacology and Neurobiology, (MedInUP/RISE-Health), Department of Immuno-Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Science—ICBAS, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-270, CE, BrazilLaboratory of Exercise and Gastrointestinal Tract—Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64049-550, PI, BrazilInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) induces immunological and autonomic imbalances. Exercise is a beneficial strategy for controlling IBD symptoms. We investigated the role of exercise on gastrointestinal (GI) motility changes and autonomic parameters in rats with ileitis. Rats were divided into control, ileitis, and exercise+ileitis groups. Ileitis was induced by TNBS (40 mM, intraileally). The exercise was swimming (1 h/day/4 weeks, 5%/bw). We assessed eating behaviour and oxidative stress. Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance. Autonomic balance and ECG parameters were measured by an electrocardiogram (ECG). Gastrointestinal motility was evaluated using the phenol red technique. In terms of body composition, total body water (TBW), body mass index (BMI), and fat-free mass (FFM) were higher in the ileitis group (216.80 ± 11.44 mL; 24.09 ± 2.15 g/cm<sup>2</sup>; 287.1 ± 14.66 g) (<i>p</i> < 0.05) vs. control rats (130.06 ± 28.23 mL; 16.38 ± 2.50 g/cm<sup>2</sup>; 193 ± 42.21 g) and exercise prevented (91.33 ± 12.33 mL; 11.73 ± 0.47 g/cm<sup>2</sup>; 133.8 ± 16.82 g) (<i>p</i> < 0.05) these changes. The exercise+ileitis group induces a reduction (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in gastric retention vs. ileitis and control (11.22 ± 1.91% vs. 35.17 ± 1.01% and 33.96 ± 1.77%). Ileitis increased intestinal retention in the duodenum (46.3 ± 2.56% vs. 24.98 ± 1.78%) and jejunum (34.22 ± 2.33% and 34.72 ± 2.83% vs. 47.32 ± 1.48%) (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and decreased intestinal retention in the ileum (<i>p</i> < 0.05) vs. the control group. Exercise+ileitis prevented (<i>p</i> < 0.05) changes in the duodenum (24.96 ± 1.66% vs. 46.3 ± 2.56%) and ileum (40.32 ± 3.75% vs. 14.08 ± 0.88%). Ileitis induces high MDA levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05) vs. control rats (4.43 ± 0.69 vs. 2.15 ± 0.12 nmol/mg of the tissue). This effect was prevented (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the exercise+ileitis group (2.75 ± 0.21 vs. 4.43 ± 0.69 nmol/mg of the tissue). We observed a reduction in the LF component (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the ileitis group vs. control group (31.32 ± 3.99 vs. 43.43 ± 3.86). The correlation indicated a stronger interrelationship between the autonomic parameter and intestinal retention in the ileum (r: 0.68; <i>p:</i> 0.04). The current study suggests intestinal ileitis alters GI motility and autonomic balance, and physical exercise can represent an essential non-pharmacological approach to IBD treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/3/328eating behaviorautonomic nervous systemtrinitrobenzenesulfonic acidileitisinflammatory bowel diseasesphysical exercise
spellingShingle Brenda Lois Barros dos Santos
Alda Cássia Alves da Silva
Juliana Soares Severo
Bruno de Sousa Barbosa
Maisa Campêlo de Sousa
Francisco Assis dos Santos Moreira
Lucas Estevão de Sousa
Heron Silva Soares
Antônio Klingem Leite de Freitas
Francisco Leonardo Torres-Leal
Paulo Correia-de-Sá
Armênio Aguiar dos Santos
Moisés Tolentino Bento da Silva
Physical Exercise Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Autonomic Dysregulation in a Rat Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Antioxidants
eating behavior
autonomic nervous system
trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid
ileitis
inflammatory bowel diseases
physical exercise
title Physical Exercise Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Autonomic Dysregulation in a Rat Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
title_full Physical Exercise Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Autonomic Dysregulation in a Rat Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
title_fullStr Physical Exercise Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Autonomic Dysregulation in a Rat Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
title_full_unstemmed Physical Exercise Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Autonomic Dysregulation in a Rat Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
title_short Physical Exercise Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Autonomic Dysregulation in a Rat Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
title_sort physical exercise alleviates oxidative stress and autonomic dysregulation in a rat model of inflammatory bowel disease
topic eating behavior
autonomic nervous system
trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid
ileitis
inflammatory bowel diseases
physical exercise
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/3/328
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