Factors modulating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on posttraumatic stress symptomatology of the Spanish healthcare workers: A cohort study.

Factors modulating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on posttraumatic stress symptomatology of the Spanish healthcare workers: A cohort study.

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<h4>Introduction</h4>The COVID-19 pandemic generated a global health crisis that significantly impacted healthcare systems and professionals. Healthcare workers were exposed to high levels of psychological distress, including posttraumatic stress symptomatology (PTSS).<h4>Aim</h...

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Main Authors: Beatriz Arregui-Gallego, María Isabel Orts-Cortés, María Teresa Moreno-Casbas, Eva Abad-Corpa, Rafaela Camacho-Bejarano, Mª Ángeles Cidoncha-Moreno, Isabel Feria-Raposo, Javier Iruzubieta-Barragán, Montserrat Carmona, Estíbaliz Cristóbal-Domínguez, Leticia Bernués-Caudillo, Elvira Casado-Ramírez, Alda Recas-Martin, Dolores Sánchez-López, M Consuelo Company-Sancho, Noelia López Rascón, Silvia Esteban-Sepúlveda, María Clara Vidal-Thomàs, Isabel Alonso, Daniel Muñoz-Jiménez, José Vicente Segura-Heras, Joaquín Moncho, Manuel Rich-Ruiz
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323777
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Summary:<h4>Introduction</h4>The COVID-19 pandemic generated a global health crisis that significantly impacted healthcare systems and professionals. Healthcare workers were exposed to high levels of psychological distress, including posttraumatic stress symptomatology (PTSS).<h4>Aim</h4>Analyse the evolution of PTSS among Spanish healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to identify associated factors.<h4>Method</h4>A multicenter prospective cohort study with a 12-month follow-up was conducted. PTSS was the primary outcome. Secondary variables included sociodemographic, occupational, psychological, and coping-related factors. Statistical analyses comprised bivariate comparisons and multivariate modelling, such as generalized linear models and linear mixed models.<h4>Results</h4>Of the 428 participants, 180 completed the 12-month follow-up. At baseline, changes in work posts, negative family-work relations, avoidant coping, burnout symptoms, and emotional intelligence were associated with PTSS levels. Linear mixed models showed a significant decrease in PTSS over the 12-month period, regardless of gender, age, household type, occupational role, contract type, job title, level of care or type of service (p < 0.001). The generalised linear model explained 25.5% of the variance in PTSS levels at baseline, highlighting the role of psychological and coping factors over sociodemographic or occupational characteristics.<h4>Conclusions</h4>This study highlights the need for early identification and intervention focused on psychological and coping mechanisms. Promoting emotional regulation, reducing burnout, and addressing maladaptive coping may help mitigate long-term psychological effects among healthcare workers during public health crises.
ISSN:1932-6203

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