Thermal Behavior and Gas Emissions of Biomass and Industrial Wastes as Alternative Fuels in Cement Production: A TGA-DSC and TGA-MS Approach
The cement industry contributes approximately 7% of global anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, primarily through energy-intensive clinker production. This study evaluates the thermal behavior and gas emissions of seven waste materials (sawdust, pecan nutshell, wind blade waste, indus...
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| author | Ofelia Rivera Sasso Caleb Carreño Gallardo Jose Ernesto Ledezma Sillas Francisco C. Robles Hernandez Omar Farid Ojeda Farias Carolina Prieto Gomez Jose Martin Herrera Ramirez |
| author_facet | Ofelia Rivera Sasso Caleb Carreño Gallardo Jose Ernesto Ledezma Sillas Francisco C. Robles Hernandez Omar Farid Ojeda Farias Carolina Prieto Gomez Jose Martin Herrera Ramirez |
| author_sort | Ofelia Rivera Sasso |
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| description | The cement industry contributes approximately 7% of global anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, primarily through energy-intensive clinker production. This study evaluates the thermal behavior and gas emissions of seven waste materials (sawdust, pecan nutshell, wind blade waste, industrial hose waste, tire-derived fuel, plastic waste, and automotive shredder residue) as alternative fuels for cement manufacturing, motivated by the limited information available regarding their performance and environmental impact, with bituminous coal used as a reference. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC) were used to quantify mass loss and energy changes, while TGA coupled with mass spectrometry (TGA-MS) was used to identify volatile compounds released during thermal degradation. Both TGA-DSC and TGA-MS were conducted under oxidative conditions. The analysis revealed that these waste materials can generate up to 70% of coal’s energy, with combustion primarily occurring between 200 °C and 600 °C. The thermal profiles demonstrated that these materials can effectively replace fossil fuels without releasing harmful toxic gases like HCl, dioxins, or furans. Combustion predominantly emitted CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O, with only trace volatile organic compounds such as C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>3</sub> and COOH. The findings highlight the potential of alternative fuels to provide substantial energy for cement production while addressing waste management challenges and reducing the industry’s environmental impact through innovative resource valorization. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6b864f18e7674a64998f4e1ca3472260 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj-art-6b864f18e7674a64998f4e1ca34722602025-08-20T02:58:47ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-05-01189233710.3390/en18092337Thermal Behavior and Gas Emissions of Biomass and Industrial Wastes as Alternative Fuels in Cement Production: A TGA-DSC and TGA-MS ApproachOfelia Rivera Sasso0Caleb Carreño Gallardo1Jose Ernesto Ledezma Sillas2Francisco C. Robles Hernandez3Omar Farid Ojeda Farias4Carolina Prieto Gomez5Jose Martin Herrera Ramirez6Centro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados, S.C. (CIMAV), Av. Miguel de Cervantes #120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31136, MexicoCentro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados, S.C. (CIMAV), Av. Miguel de Cervantes #120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31136, MexicoCentro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados, S.C. (CIMAV), Av. Miguel de Cervantes #120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31136, MexicoDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Advanced Manufacturing Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USAGCC, Vicente Suarez y Sexta s/n, Zona Industrial Nombre de Dios, Chihuahua 31105, MexicoGCC, Vicente Suarez y Sexta s/n, Zona Industrial Nombre de Dios, Chihuahua 31105, MexicoCentro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados, S.C. (CIMAV), Av. Miguel de Cervantes #120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31136, MexicoThe cement industry contributes approximately 7% of global anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, primarily through energy-intensive clinker production. This study evaluates the thermal behavior and gas emissions of seven waste materials (sawdust, pecan nutshell, wind blade waste, industrial hose waste, tire-derived fuel, plastic waste, and automotive shredder residue) as alternative fuels for cement manufacturing, motivated by the limited information available regarding their performance and environmental impact, with bituminous coal used as a reference. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC) were used to quantify mass loss and energy changes, while TGA coupled with mass spectrometry (TGA-MS) was used to identify volatile compounds released during thermal degradation. Both TGA-DSC and TGA-MS were conducted under oxidative conditions. The analysis revealed that these waste materials can generate up to 70% of coal’s energy, with combustion primarily occurring between 200 °C and 600 °C. The thermal profiles demonstrated that these materials can effectively replace fossil fuels without releasing harmful toxic gases like HCl, dioxins, or furans. Combustion predominantly emitted CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O, with only trace volatile organic compounds such as C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>3</sub> and COOH. The findings highlight the potential of alternative fuels to provide substantial energy for cement production while addressing waste management challenges and reducing the industry’s environmental impact through innovative resource valorization.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/9/2337cement productionthermal analysismass spectrometrygas emissionsalternative fuels |
| spellingShingle | Ofelia Rivera Sasso Caleb Carreño Gallardo Jose Ernesto Ledezma Sillas Francisco C. Robles Hernandez Omar Farid Ojeda Farias Carolina Prieto Gomez Jose Martin Herrera Ramirez Thermal Behavior and Gas Emissions of Biomass and Industrial Wastes as Alternative Fuels in Cement Production: A TGA-DSC and TGA-MS Approach Energies cement production thermal analysis mass spectrometry gas emissions alternative fuels |
| title | Thermal Behavior and Gas Emissions of Biomass and Industrial Wastes as Alternative Fuels in Cement Production: A TGA-DSC and TGA-MS Approach |
| title_full | Thermal Behavior and Gas Emissions of Biomass and Industrial Wastes as Alternative Fuels in Cement Production: A TGA-DSC and TGA-MS Approach |
| title_fullStr | Thermal Behavior and Gas Emissions of Biomass and Industrial Wastes as Alternative Fuels in Cement Production: A TGA-DSC and TGA-MS Approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thermal Behavior and Gas Emissions of Biomass and Industrial Wastes as Alternative Fuels in Cement Production: A TGA-DSC and TGA-MS Approach |
| title_short | Thermal Behavior and Gas Emissions of Biomass and Industrial Wastes as Alternative Fuels in Cement Production: A TGA-DSC and TGA-MS Approach |
| title_sort | thermal behavior and gas emissions of biomass and industrial wastes as alternative fuels in cement production a tga dsc and tga ms approach |
| topic | cement production thermal analysis mass spectrometry gas emissions alternative fuels |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/9/2337 |
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