Thermal Behavior and Gas Emissions of Biomass and Industrial Wastes as Alternative Fuels in Cement Production: A TGA-DSC and TGA-MS Approach

The cement industry contributes approximately 7% of global anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, primarily through energy-intensive clinker production. This study evaluates the thermal behavior and gas emissions of seven waste materials (sawdust, pecan nutshell, wind blade waste, indus...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ofelia Rivera Sasso, Caleb Carreño Gallardo, Jose Ernesto Ledezma Sillas, Francisco C. Robles Hernandez, Omar Farid Ojeda Farias, Carolina Prieto Gomez, Jose Martin Herrera Ramirez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/9/2337
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850032056837341184
author Ofelia Rivera Sasso
Caleb Carreño Gallardo
Jose Ernesto Ledezma Sillas
Francisco C. Robles Hernandez
Omar Farid Ojeda Farias
Carolina Prieto Gomez
Jose Martin Herrera Ramirez
author_facet Ofelia Rivera Sasso
Caleb Carreño Gallardo
Jose Ernesto Ledezma Sillas
Francisco C. Robles Hernandez
Omar Farid Ojeda Farias
Carolina Prieto Gomez
Jose Martin Herrera Ramirez
author_sort Ofelia Rivera Sasso
collection DOAJ
description The cement industry contributes approximately 7% of global anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, primarily through energy-intensive clinker production. This study evaluates the thermal behavior and gas emissions of seven waste materials (sawdust, pecan nutshell, wind blade waste, industrial hose waste, tire-derived fuel, plastic waste, and automotive shredder residue) as alternative fuels for cement manufacturing, motivated by the limited information available regarding their performance and environmental impact, with bituminous coal used as a reference. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC) were used to quantify mass loss and energy changes, while TGA coupled with mass spectrometry (TGA-MS) was used to identify volatile compounds released during thermal degradation. Both TGA-DSC and TGA-MS were conducted under oxidative conditions. The analysis revealed that these waste materials can generate up to 70% of coal’s energy, with combustion primarily occurring between 200 °C and 600 °C. The thermal profiles demonstrated that these materials can effectively replace fossil fuels without releasing harmful toxic gases like HCl, dioxins, or furans. Combustion predominantly emitted CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O, with only trace volatile organic compounds such as C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>3</sub> and COOH. The findings highlight the potential of alternative fuels to provide substantial energy for cement production while addressing waste management challenges and reducing the industry’s environmental impact through innovative resource valorization.
format Article
id doaj-art-6b864f18e7674a64998f4e1ca3472260
institution DOAJ
issn 1996-1073
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Energies
spelling doaj-art-6b864f18e7674a64998f4e1ca34722602025-08-20T02:58:47ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-05-01189233710.3390/en18092337Thermal Behavior and Gas Emissions of Biomass and Industrial Wastes as Alternative Fuels in Cement Production: A TGA-DSC and TGA-MS ApproachOfelia Rivera Sasso0Caleb Carreño Gallardo1Jose Ernesto Ledezma Sillas2Francisco C. Robles Hernandez3Omar Farid Ojeda Farias4Carolina Prieto Gomez5Jose Martin Herrera Ramirez6Centro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados, S.C. (CIMAV), Av. Miguel de Cervantes #120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31136, MexicoCentro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados, S.C. (CIMAV), Av. Miguel de Cervantes #120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31136, MexicoCentro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados, S.C. (CIMAV), Av. Miguel de Cervantes #120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31136, MexicoDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Advanced Manufacturing Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USAGCC, Vicente Suarez y Sexta s/n, Zona Industrial Nombre de Dios, Chihuahua 31105, MexicoGCC, Vicente Suarez y Sexta s/n, Zona Industrial Nombre de Dios, Chihuahua 31105, MexicoCentro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados, S.C. (CIMAV), Av. Miguel de Cervantes #120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31136, MexicoThe cement industry contributes approximately 7% of global anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, primarily through energy-intensive clinker production. This study evaluates the thermal behavior and gas emissions of seven waste materials (sawdust, pecan nutshell, wind blade waste, industrial hose waste, tire-derived fuel, plastic waste, and automotive shredder residue) as alternative fuels for cement manufacturing, motivated by the limited information available regarding their performance and environmental impact, with bituminous coal used as a reference. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC) were used to quantify mass loss and energy changes, while TGA coupled with mass spectrometry (TGA-MS) was used to identify volatile compounds released during thermal degradation. Both TGA-DSC and TGA-MS were conducted under oxidative conditions. The analysis revealed that these waste materials can generate up to 70% of coal’s energy, with combustion primarily occurring between 200 °C and 600 °C. The thermal profiles demonstrated that these materials can effectively replace fossil fuels without releasing harmful toxic gases like HCl, dioxins, or furans. Combustion predominantly emitted CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O, with only trace volatile organic compounds such as C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>3</sub> and COOH. The findings highlight the potential of alternative fuels to provide substantial energy for cement production while addressing waste management challenges and reducing the industry’s environmental impact through innovative resource valorization.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/9/2337cement productionthermal analysismass spectrometrygas emissionsalternative fuels
spellingShingle Ofelia Rivera Sasso
Caleb Carreño Gallardo
Jose Ernesto Ledezma Sillas
Francisco C. Robles Hernandez
Omar Farid Ojeda Farias
Carolina Prieto Gomez
Jose Martin Herrera Ramirez
Thermal Behavior and Gas Emissions of Biomass and Industrial Wastes as Alternative Fuels in Cement Production: A TGA-DSC and TGA-MS Approach
Energies
cement production
thermal analysis
mass spectrometry
gas emissions
alternative fuels
title Thermal Behavior and Gas Emissions of Biomass and Industrial Wastes as Alternative Fuels in Cement Production: A TGA-DSC and TGA-MS Approach
title_full Thermal Behavior and Gas Emissions of Biomass and Industrial Wastes as Alternative Fuels in Cement Production: A TGA-DSC and TGA-MS Approach
title_fullStr Thermal Behavior and Gas Emissions of Biomass and Industrial Wastes as Alternative Fuels in Cement Production: A TGA-DSC and TGA-MS Approach
title_full_unstemmed Thermal Behavior and Gas Emissions of Biomass and Industrial Wastes as Alternative Fuels in Cement Production: A TGA-DSC and TGA-MS Approach
title_short Thermal Behavior and Gas Emissions of Biomass and Industrial Wastes as Alternative Fuels in Cement Production: A TGA-DSC and TGA-MS Approach
title_sort thermal behavior and gas emissions of biomass and industrial wastes as alternative fuels in cement production a tga dsc and tga ms approach
topic cement production
thermal analysis
mass spectrometry
gas emissions
alternative fuels
url https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/9/2337
work_keys_str_mv AT ofeliariverasasso thermalbehaviorandgasemissionsofbiomassandindustrialwastesasalternativefuelsincementproductionatgadscandtgamsapproach
AT calebcarrenogallardo thermalbehaviorandgasemissionsofbiomassandindustrialwastesasalternativefuelsincementproductionatgadscandtgamsapproach
AT joseernestoledezmasillas thermalbehaviorandgasemissionsofbiomassandindustrialwastesasalternativefuelsincementproductionatgadscandtgamsapproach
AT franciscocrobleshernandez thermalbehaviorandgasemissionsofbiomassandindustrialwastesasalternativefuelsincementproductionatgadscandtgamsapproach
AT omarfaridojedafarias thermalbehaviorandgasemissionsofbiomassandindustrialwastesasalternativefuelsincementproductionatgadscandtgamsapproach
AT carolinaprietogomez thermalbehaviorandgasemissionsofbiomassandindustrialwastesasalternativefuelsincementproductionatgadscandtgamsapproach
AT josemartinherreraramirez thermalbehaviorandgasemissionsofbiomassandindustrialwastesasalternativefuelsincementproductionatgadscandtgamsapproach