Analysis of international climate change governance for the agriculture, forest and land use sector: Gaps and recommendations for future improvement

The crucial role of land-based activities in climate change mitigation and adaptation has gained recognition under the Paris Agreement, including through the commitments outlined in Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). While technical assessments highlight the mitigation potential of the land...

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Main Authors: María Jose Sanz, Ana Karla Perea Blazquez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-08-01
Series:Earth System Governance
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589811625000448
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author María Jose Sanz
Ana Karla Perea Blazquez
author_facet María Jose Sanz
Ana Karla Perea Blazquez
author_sort María Jose Sanz
collection DOAJ
description The crucial role of land-based activities in climate change mitigation and adaptation has gained recognition under the Paris Agreement, including through the commitments outlined in Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). While technical assessments highlight the mitigation potential of the land sector, this potential is constrained by several challenges, particularly competing demands across development, social, environmental and climate objectives. International governance structures for land use often fail to address these multiple objectives, which makes it challenging to ensure sound arbitrages among them. This paper evaluates the current international governance landscape in the Agriculture, Forestry, and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector, analysing governance functions that address barriers to climate change mitigation globally and assessing the extent to which these functions are met. Our findings indicate that while existing governance frameworks address barriers through guidance, rule-setting, transparency and accountability, support for implementation, and knowledge dissemination, gaps remain, particularly in guidance and signalling, transparency and rules and standards. Other key gaps identified are the insufficiency of the funds mobilised so far, the limitations of global assessments, and the duplicity of efforts and disconnection across different initiatives. Closing these governance gaps is essential to enable effective global governance in the AFOLU sector and unlock its mitigation potential. We propose potential solutions to bridge these gaps.
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spelling doaj-art-6afd9412c908498bbd3e40f73cd9659e2025-08-24T05:14:13ZengElsevierEarth System Governance2589-81162025-08-012510027810.1016/j.esg.2025.100278Analysis of international climate change governance for the agriculture, forest and land use sector: Gaps and recommendations for future improvementMaría Jose Sanz0Ana Karla Perea Blazquez1BC3 Basque Centre for Climate Change, Sede Building 1, 1st floor, Scientific Campus of the University of the Basque Country, 48940, Leioa, Spain; Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi, 48009, Bilbao, SpainBC3 Basque Centre for Climate Change, Sede Building 1, 1st floor, Scientific Campus of the University of the Basque Country, 48940, Leioa, SpainThe crucial role of land-based activities in climate change mitigation and adaptation has gained recognition under the Paris Agreement, including through the commitments outlined in Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). While technical assessments highlight the mitigation potential of the land sector, this potential is constrained by several challenges, particularly competing demands across development, social, environmental and climate objectives. International governance structures for land use often fail to address these multiple objectives, which makes it challenging to ensure sound arbitrages among them. This paper evaluates the current international governance landscape in the Agriculture, Forestry, and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector, analysing governance functions that address barriers to climate change mitigation globally and assessing the extent to which these functions are met. Our findings indicate that while existing governance frameworks address barriers through guidance, rule-setting, transparency and accountability, support for implementation, and knowledge dissemination, gaps remain, particularly in guidance and signalling, transparency and rules and standards. Other key gaps identified are the insufficiency of the funds mobilised so far, the limitations of global assessments, and the duplicity of efforts and disconnection across different initiatives. Closing these governance gaps is essential to enable effective global governance in the AFOLU sector and unlock its mitigation potential. We propose potential solutions to bridge these gaps.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589811625000448Land useGovernanceClimate change mitigationInternational climate policy
spellingShingle María Jose Sanz
Ana Karla Perea Blazquez
Analysis of international climate change governance for the agriculture, forest and land use sector: Gaps and recommendations for future improvement
Earth System Governance
Land use
Governance
Climate change mitigation
International climate policy
title Analysis of international climate change governance for the agriculture, forest and land use sector: Gaps and recommendations for future improvement
title_full Analysis of international climate change governance for the agriculture, forest and land use sector: Gaps and recommendations for future improvement
title_fullStr Analysis of international climate change governance for the agriculture, forest and land use sector: Gaps and recommendations for future improvement
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of international climate change governance for the agriculture, forest and land use sector: Gaps and recommendations for future improvement
title_short Analysis of international climate change governance for the agriculture, forest and land use sector: Gaps and recommendations for future improvement
title_sort analysis of international climate change governance for the agriculture forest and land use sector gaps and recommendations for future improvement
topic Land use
Governance
Climate change mitigation
International climate policy
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589811625000448
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AT anakarlapereablazquez analysisofinternationalclimatechangegovernancefortheagricultureforestandlandusesectorgapsandrecommendationsforfutureimprovement