The effect of quenching cooling rate on the microstructure and tensile/compressive behaviors of 2Cr12Ni martensitic stainless steel
Martensitic stainless steel is renowned for its exceptional hardness and corrosion resistance, making it a preferred material for large plastic molds. A notable disparity exists between the cooling rates at the surface and core of these molds during the quenching process, which leads to variations i...
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Elsevier
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425007367 |
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| author | Rui Luo Jiayu Chen Hengnan Ding Pengcheng Zhang Jun Liao Yang Yu Huixia Xu Xiaochen Xu Tianming Liu Xiaonong Cheng |
| author_facet | Rui Luo Jiayu Chen Hengnan Ding Pengcheng Zhang Jun Liao Yang Yu Huixia Xu Xiaochen Xu Tianming Liu Xiaonong Cheng |
| author_sort | Rui Luo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Martensitic stainless steel is renowned for its exceptional hardness and corrosion resistance, making it a preferred material for large plastic molds. A notable disparity exists between the cooling rates at the surface and core of these molds during the quenching process, which leads to variations in the quenching microstructures and mechanical properties and, consequently, the material's service performance. Understanding the relationship between quenching cooling rates and the resulting microstructures is critical. In this study, a Gleeble-3500 thermal simulation tester was employed to investigate the mechanical properties and microstructure evolution in 2Cr12Ni martensitic stainless steel at cooling rates ranging from 0.05 to 20 °C/s. The results indicate that with the increase of the quenching cooling rate, the Vickers hardness of 2Cr12Ni remains relatively stable, ranging from 602.1 to 611.0 HV10; the tensile strength and elongation gradually increase from 898.07 MPa to 1.5 % at 0.05 °C/s to 1733.63 MPa and 23.5 % at 20 °C/s; the compressive strength remains basically the same, and gradually decreases with the increasing compression temperature. The quenching cooling rate significantly influences the quantity and size of precipitates and residual austenite content in 2Cr12Ni steel after quenching. Specifically, the number and size of M23C6 precipitates gradually decrease while the material's grain size remains consistent at approximately 3.4 μm. The volume fraction of residual austenite increases with the cooling rate, transitioning from a fine strip-like morphology to a thin plate-like morphology. Furthermore, the mechanisms of the microstructure and mechanical properties evolutions were also briefly discussed. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6af8e225e8d34effad5b84ee745d8d3e |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2238-7854 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-6af8e225e8d34effad5b84ee745d8d3e2025-08-20T02:16:29ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542025-05-01362994300610.1016/j.jmrt.2025.03.227The effect of quenching cooling rate on the microstructure and tensile/compressive behaviors of 2Cr12Ni martensitic stainless steelRui Luo0Jiayu Chen1Hengnan Ding2Pengcheng Zhang3Jun Liao4Yang Yu5Huixia Xu6Xiaochen Xu7Tianming Liu8Xiaonong Cheng9School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China; School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China; Jiangsu Tiangong Aihe Technology CO., Ltd, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China; Corresponding author. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR ChinaJiangsu Tiangong Aihe Technology CO., Ltd, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR ChinaJiangsu Tiangong Aihe Technology CO., Ltd, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR ChinaJiangsu Tiangong Aihe Technology CO., Ltd, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR ChinaJiangsu Tiangong Aihe Technology CO., Ltd, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR ChinaJiangsu Tiangong Aihe Technology CO., Ltd, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR ChinaYangtze Delta Region Institute of Advanced Materials, Suzhou, 215100, PR ChinaMartensitic stainless steel is renowned for its exceptional hardness and corrosion resistance, making it a preferred material for large plastic molds. A notable disparity exists between the cooling rates at the surface and core of these molds during the quenching process, which leads to variations in the quenching microstructures and mechanical properties and, consequently, the material's service performance. Understanding the relationship between quenching cooling rates and the resulting microstructures is critical. In this study, a Gleeble-3500 thermal simulation tester was employed to investigate the mechanical properties and microstructure evolution in 2Cr12Ni martensitic stainless steel at cooling rates ranging from 0.05 to 20 °C/s. The results indicate that with the increase of the quenching cooling rate, the Vickers hardness of 2Cr12Ni remains relatively stable, ranging from 602.1 to 611.0 HV10; the tensile strength and elongation gradually increase from 898.07 MPa to 1.5 % at 0.05 °C/s to 1733.63 MPa and 23.5 % at 20 °C/s; the compressive strength remains basically the same, and gradually decreases with the increasing compression temperature. The quenching cooling rate significantly influences the quantity and size of precipitates and residual austenite content in 2Cr12Ni steel after quenching. Specifically, the number and size of M23C6 precipitates gradually decrease while the material's grain size remains consistent at approximately 3.4 μm. The volume fraction of residual austenite increases with the cooling rate, transitioning from a fine strip-like morphology to a thin plate-like morphology. Furthermore, the mechanisms of the microstructure and mechanical properties evolutions were also briefly discussed.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425007367Cooling rateMartensiteResidual austeniteDislocation densityDeformation behavior |
| spellingShingle | Rui Luo Jiayu Chen Hengnan Ding Pengcheng Zhang Jun Liao Yang Yu Huixia Xu Xiaochen Xu Tianming Liu Xiaonong Cheng The effect of quenching cooling rate on the microstructure and tensile/compressive behaviors of 2Cr12Ni martensitic stainless steel Journal of Materials Research and Technology Cooling rate Martensite Residual austenite Dislocation density Deformation behavior |
| title | The effect of quenching cooling rate on the microstructure and tensile/compressive behaviors of 2Cr12Ni martensitic stainless steel |
| title_full | The effect of quenching cooling rate on the microstructure and tensile/compressive behaviors of 2Cr12Ni martensitic stainless steel |
| title_fullStr | The effect of quenching cooling rate on the microstructure and tensile/compressive behaviors of 2Cr12Ni martensitic stainless steel |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of quenching cooling rate on the microstructure and tensile/compressive behaviors of 2Cr12Ni martensitic stainless steel |
| title_short | The effect of quenching cooling rate on the microstructure and tensile/compressive behaviors of 2Cr12Ni martensitic stainless steel |
| title_sort | effect of quenching cooling rate on the microstructure and tensile compressive behaviors of 2cr12ni martensitic stainless steel |
| topic | Cooling rate Martensite Residual austenite Dislocation density Deformation behavior |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425007367 |
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