Real-World Treatment Outcomes in Black, Hispanic, Asian, and White People with Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Fumarates in the USA
Abstract Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a heterogeneous disease affecting a diverse population. Compared with white people with MS (PwMS), Black PwMS have more severe disease and higher incidence of MS, whereas Hispanic PwMS experience earlier onset disease; however, MS is not adequately st...
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| Format: | Article |
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Adis, Springer Healthcare
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Neurology and Therapy |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40120-025-00773-3 |
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| author | Sophia Woodson Edward J. Gettings Chu-Yueh Guo Sylvia Klineova Jong-Mi Lee Rebecca S. Romero Aljoeson Walker Kinyee Fong Jason P. Mendoza Nicholas Belviso Boyang Bian James B. Lewin Sai L. Shankar |
| author_facet | Sophia Woodson Edward J. Gettings Chu-Yueh Guo Sylvia Klineova Jong-Mi Lee Rebecca S. Romero Aljoeson Walker Kinyee Fong Jason P. Mendoza Nicholas Belviso Boyang Bian James B. Lewin Sai L. Shankar |
| author_sort | Sophia Woodson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a heterogeneous disease affecting a diverse population. Compared with white people with MS (PwMS), Black PwMS have more severe disease and higher incidence of MS, whereas Hispanic PwMS experience earlier onset disease; however, MS is not adequately studied in these groups. We compared the effectiveness of fumarates across Black, Hispanic, Asian, and white PwMS. Methods This retrospective analysis using the Komodo Health database included PwMS. Patients with a claim for diroximel fumarate or dimethyl fumarate were followed from disease-modifying therapy (DMT) initiation to loss of follow-up or discontinuation. Outcomes included annualized relapse rate (ARR), time to post-index first relapse, healthcare resource use (HRU), healthcare costs (HCCs), and change in absolute lymphocyte counts (ALCs). Race/ethnicity was self-reported. Results This study included 6800 PwMS (Black, n = 1241; Hispanic, n = 777; Asian, n = 132; white, n = 4650). The average exposure duration of fumarates was 449–559 days. Black PwMS had higher baseline disease burden versus white PwMS, were less likely to have commercial insurance plans, and were more likely to reside in a state with a higher poverty rate. ARRs (12-month pre-index to post-index) were significantly reduced across groups. The Kaplan–Meier estimated proportion of relapse-free patients at 2 years was similar across groups (Black, 77.0%; Hispanic, 75.4%; Asian, 81.7%; white, 80.5%). There was a smaller decline in ALC from month 0 to month 12 in Black PwMS versus other racial/ethnic groups. Conclusion Consistent with prior studies, these results demonstrate the effectiveness of fumarates across racial and ethnic MS subgroups. This is the largest analysis to date of the treatment effects of any individual class of DMT in Black and Hispanic PwMS. Infographic available for this article. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6aede85e9be54f45bfb357673ee84247 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2193-8253 2193-6536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Adis, Springer Healthcare |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neurology and Therapy |
| spelling | doaj-art-6aede85e9be54f45bfb357673ee842472025-08-20T03:42:10ZengAdis, Springer HealthcareNeurology and Therapy2193-82532193-65362025-06-011441641165610.1007/s40120-025-00773-3Real-World Treatment Outcomes in Black, Hispanic, Asian, and White People with Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Fumarates in the USASophia Woodson0Edward J. Gettings1Chu-Yueh Guo2Sylvia Klineova3Jong-Mi Lee4Rebecca S. Romero5Aljoeson Walker6Kinyee Fong7Jason P. Mendoza8Nicholas Belviso9Boyang Bian10James B. Lewin11Sai L. Shankar12University HospitalsTemple HealthUniversity of California San Francisco HealthMount SinaiStanford MedicineUniversity of Texas HealthMedical University of South CarolinaBiogenBiogenBiogenBiogenBiogenBiogenAbstract Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a heterogeneous disease affecting a diverse population. Compared with white people with MS (PwMS), Black PwMS have more severe disease and higher incidence of MS, whereas Hispanic PwMS experience earlier onset disease; however, MS is not adequately studied in these groups. We compared the effectiveness of fumarates across Black, Hispanic, Asian, and white PwMS. Methods This retrospective analysis using the Komodo Health database included PwMS. Patients with a claim for diroximel fumarate or dimethyl fumarate were followed from disease-modifying therapy (DMT) initiation to loss of follow-up or discontinuation. Outcomes included annualized relapse rate (ARR), time to post-index first relapse, healthcare resource use (HRU), healthcare costs (HCCs), and change in absolute lymphocyte counts (ALCs). Race/ethnicity was self-reported. Results This study included 6800 PwMS (Black, n = 1241; Hispanic, n = 777; Asian, n = 132; white, n = 4650). The average exposure duration of fumarates was 449–559 days. Black PwMS had higher baseline disease burden versus white PwMS, were less likely to have commercial insurance plans, and were more likely to reside in a state with a higher poverty rate. ARRs (12-month pre-index to post-index) were significantly reduced across groups. The Kaplan–Meier estimated proportion of relapse-free patients at 2 years was similar across groups (Black, 77.0%; Hispanic, 75.4%; Asian, 81.7%; white, 80.5%). There was a smaller decline in ALC from month 0 to month 12 in Black PwMS versus other racial/ethnic groups. Conclusion Consistent with prior studies, these results demonstrate the effectiveness of fumarates across racial and ethnic MS subgroups. This is the largest analysis to date of the treatment effects of any individual class of DMT in Black and Hispanic PwMS. Infographic available for this article.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40120-025-00773-3Dimethyl fumarateDiroximel fumarateEffectivenessMinority populationsMultiple sclerosis |
| spellingShingle | Sophia Woodson Edward J. Gettings Chu-Yueh Guo Sylvia Klineova Jong-Mi Lee Rebecca S. Romero Aljoeson Walker Kinyee Fong Jason P. Mendoza Nicholas Belviso Boyang Bian James B. Lewin Sai L. Shankar Real-World Treatment Outcomes in Black, Hispanic, Asian, and White People with Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Fumarates in the USA Neurology and Therapy Dimethyl fumarate Diroximel fumarate Effectiveness Minority populations Multiple sclerosis |
| title | Real-World Treatment Outcomes in Black, Hispanic, Asian, and White People with Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Fumarates in the USA |
| title_full | Real-World Treatment Outcomes in Black, Hispanic, Asian, and White People with Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Fumarates in the USA |
| title_fullStr | Real-World Treatment Outcomes in Black, Hispanic, Asian, and White People with Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Fumarates in the USA |
| title_full_unstemmed | Real-World Treatment Outcomes in Black, Hispanic, Asian, and White People with Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Fumarates in the USA |
| title_short | Real-World Treatment Outcomes in Black, Hispanic, Asian, and White People with Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Fumarates in the USA |
| title_sort | real world treatment outcomes in black hispanic asian and white people with multiple sclerosis treated with fumarates in the usa |
| topic | Dimethyl fumarate Diroximel fumarate Effectiveness Minority populations Multiple sclerosis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40120-025-00773-3 |
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