PHENOMENON OF DEMIKHOV. In the Sklifosovsky Institute (1960–1986). Approaches to solving the problem of organ and tissue transplantation in the USSR and abroad (1967)

Analysis of the materials of the 2nd All-Union conference on the problem of tissue incompatibility, conservation and transplantation of tissues and organs (Odessa, 1967) showed that Soviet and foreign scientists had similar approaches to solving the problem of organ and tissue transplantation. Sovie...

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Main Author: S. P. Glyantsev
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of Moscow Healthcare Department 2021-06-01
Series:Трансплантология (Москва)
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Online Access:https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/575
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author S. P. Glyantsev
author_facet S. P. Glyantsev
author_sort S. P. Glyantsev
collection DOAJ
description Analysis of the materials of the 2nd All-Union conference on the problem of tissue incompatibility, conservation and transplantation of tissues and organs (Odessa, 1967) showed that Soviet and foreign scientists had similar approaches to solving the problem of organ and tissue transplantation. Soviet scientists spoke about overcoming tissue incompatibility by hybridization of plants and chimerization of animals, about the effect of drug sleep on transplant immunity, about neurohumoral immunological shifts and the role of the central and peripheral nervous systems in the engraftment of grafts, about the influence of external factors on immunity. They also discussed the characterization of the antigenic structure of grafts, the role of DNA in immunity, the genetic transformation of homomaterial, the use of pharmacological agents to suppress immunogenesis, the cryopreservation of auto- and homo-organs and tissues with perfusion of their vascular bed, and the study of immunogenesis at the molecular level. A year earlier, the Americans discussed immunological paralysis, the effect on the recipient's immunity of the donor's blood transfused to him and its components, and biochemical studies of immunity. At the same time, without any ethical doubts, American scientists conducted experiments, including clinical ones, with multiple passages of homosexual skin, with exchange transfusion of blood to newborns and subsequent transplantation of homosexual donors to them, with irradiation of recipients with powerful doses of X-rays. It is shown that most of the trends that had been developed by V.P. Demikhov, were approved by the 2nd All-Union Conference. But what he lacked was close and comprehensive integration with morphologists, physiologists, immunologists, biochemists, pharmacologists and, sadly, with clinical surgeons. Based on the research conducted, an unambiguous conclusion can be drawn: Soviet scientists should not have criticized V.P. Demikhov for his "misunderstanding" of immunology, and to help him in every possible way, directing his energy in the right direction.
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spelling doaj-art-6ae3aeeaebb14cac9bafb2580e8058602025-08-20T03:35:37ZengN.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of Moscow Healthcare DepartmentТрансплантология (Москва)2074-05062542-09092021-06-0113217919710.23873/2074-0506-2021-13-2-179-197483PHENOMENON OF DEMIKHOV. In the Sklifosovsky Institute (1960–1986). Approaches to solving the problem of organ and tissue transplantation in the USSR and abroad (1967)S. P. Glyantsev0A.N. Bakoulev National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery; N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public HealthAnalysis of the materials of the 2nd All-Union conference on the problem of tissue incompatibility, conservation and transplantation of tissues and organs (Odessa, 1967) showed that Soviet and foreign scientists had similar approaches to solving the problem of organ and tissue transplantation. Soviet scientists spoke about overcoming tissue incompatibility by hybridization of plants and chimerization of animals, about the effect of drug sleep on transplant immunity, about neurohumoral immunological shifts and the role of the central and peripheral nervous systems in the engraftment of grafts, about the influence of external factors on immunity. They also discussed the characterization of the antigenic structure of grafts, the role of DNA in immunity, the genetic transformation of homomaterial, the use of pharmacological agents to suppress immunogenesis, the cryopreservation of auto- and homo-organs and tissues with perfusion of their vascular bed, and the study of immunogenesis at the molecular level. A year earlier, the Americans discussed immunological paralysis, the effect on the recipient's immunity of the donor's blood transfused to him and its components, and biochemical studies of immunity. At the same time, without any ethical doubts, American scientists conducted experiments, including clinical ones, with multiple passages of homosexual skin, with exchange transfusion of blood to newborns and subsequent transplantation of homosexual donors to them, with irradiation of recipients with powerful doses of X-rays. It is shown that most of the trends that had been developed by V.P. Demikhov, were approved by the 2nd All-Union Conference. But what he lacked was close and comprehensive integration with morphologists, physiologists, immunologists, biochemists, pharmacologists and, sadly, with clinical surgeons. Based on the research conducted, an unambiguous conclusion can be drawn: Soviet scientists should not have criticized V.P. Demikhov for his "misunderstanding" of immunology, and to help him in every possible way, directing his energy in the right direction.https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/575history of medicinetransplantationhomoplastic organ and tissue transplantsapproachessimilarities and differencesv.p. demikhov1967
spellingShingle S. P. Glyantsev
PHENOMENON OF DEMIKHOV. In the Sklifosovsky Institute (1960–1986). Approaches to solving the problem of organ and tissue transplantation in the USSR and abroad (1967)
Трансплантология (Москва)
history of medicine
transplantation
homoplastic organ and tissue transplants
approaches
similarities and differences
v.p. demikhov
1967
title PHENOMENON OF DEMIKHOV. In the Sklifosovsky Institute (1960–1986). Approaches to solving the problem of organ and tissue transplantation in the USSR and abroad (1967)
title_full PHENOMENON OF DEMIKHOV. In the Sklifosovsky Institute (1960–1986). Approaches to solving the problem of organ and tissue transplantation in the USSR and abroad (1967)
title_fullStr PHENOMENON OF DEMIKHOV. In the Sklifosovsky Institute (1960–1986). Approaches to solving the problem of organ and tissue transplantation in the USSR and abroad (1967)
title_full_unstemmed PHENOMENON OF DEMIKHOV. In the Sklifosovsky Institute (1960–1986). Approaches to solving the problem of organ and tissue transplantation in the USSR and abroad (1967)
title_short PHENOMENON OF DEMIKHOV. In the Sklifosovsky Institute (1960–1986). Approaches to solving the problem of organ and tissue transplantation in the USSR and abroad (1967)
title_sort phenomenon of demikhov in the sklifosovsky institute 1960 1986 approaches to solving the problem of organ and tissue transplantation in the ussr and abroad 1967
topic history of medicine
transplantation
homoplastic organ and tissue transplants
approaches
similarities and differences
v.p. demikhov
1967
url https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/575
work_keys_str_mv AT spglyantsev phenomenonofdemikhovinthesklifosovskyinstitute19601986approachestosolvingtheproblemoforganandtissuetransplantationintheussrandabroad1967