Risk factors for and pregnancy outcomes after SARS‐CoV‐2 in pregnancy according to disease severity: A nationwide cohort study with validation of the SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis

Abstract Introduction We identified risk factors and outcomes associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in pregnancy in a universally tested population according to disease severity and validated information on SARS‐CoV‐2 during pregnancy in national health registers in Denmark. Material and methods Coho...

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Main Authors: Anna J. M. Aabakke, Tanja G. Petersen, Karen Wøjdemann, Mette H. Ibsen, Fjola Jonsdottir, Elisabeth Rønneberg, Charlotte S. Andersen, Anne Hammer, Tine D. Clausen, Julie Milbak, Lars Burmester, Rikke Zethner, Birgitte Lindved, Annette Thorsen‐Meyer, Mohammed R. Khalil, Birgitte Henriksen, Lisbeth Jønsson, Lise L. T. Andersen, Kamilla K. Karlsen, Monica L. Pedersen, Gitte Hedermann, Marianne Vestgaard, Dorthe Thisted, Agnethe N. Fallesen, Josephine N. Johansson, Ditte C. Møller, Greta Dubietyte, Charlotte B. Andersson, Richard Farlie, Ane‐Kersti Skaarup Knudsen, Lea Hansen, Lone Hvidman, Anne N. Sørensen, Sidsel L. Rathcke, Katrine H. Rubin, Lone K. Petersen, Jan S. Jørgensen, Lone Krebs, Mette Bliddal
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2023-03-01
Series:Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.14512
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author Anna J. M. Aabakke
Tanja G. Petersen
Karen Wøjdemann
Mette H. Ibsen
Fjola Jonsdottir
Elisabeth Rønneberg
Charlotte S. Andersen
Anne Hammer
Tine D. Clausen
Julie Milbak
Lars Burmester
Rikke Zethner
Birgitte Lindved
Annette Thorsen‐Meyer
Mohammed R. Khalil
Birgitte Henriksen
Lisbeth Jønsson
Lise L. T. Andersen
Kamilla K. Karlsen
Monica L. Pedersen
Gitte Hedermann
Marianne Vestgaard
Dorthe Thisted
Agnethe N. Fallesen
Josephine N. Johansson
Ditte C. Møller
Greta Dubietyte
Charlotte B. Andersson
Richard Farlie
Ane‐Kersti Skaarup Knudsen
Lea Hansen
Lone Hvidman
Anne N. Sørensen
Sidsel L. Rathcke
Katrine H. Rubin
Lone K. Petersen
Jan S. Jørgensen
Lone Krebs
Mette Bliddal
author_facet Anna J. M. Aabakke
Tanja G. Petersen
Karen Wøjdemann
Mette H. Ibsen
Fjola Jonsdottir
Elisabeth Rønneberg
Charlotte S. Andersen
Anne Hammer
Tine D. Clausen
Julie Milbak
Lars Burmester
Rikke Zethner
Birgitte Lindved
Annette Thorsen‐Meyer
Mohammed R. Khalil
Birgitte Henriksen
Lisbeth Jønsson
Lise L. T. Andersen
Kamilla K. Karlsen
Monica L. Pedersen
Gitte Hedermann
Marianne Vestgaard
Dorthe Thisted
Agnethe N. Fallesen
Josephine N. Johansson
Ditte C. Møller
Greta Dubietyte
Charlotte B. Andersson
Richard Farlie
Ane‐Kersti Skaarup Knudsen
Lea Hansen
Lone Hvidman
Anne N. Sørensen
Sidsel L. Rathcke
Katrine H. Rubin
Lone K. Petersen
Jan S. Jørgensen
Lone Krebs
Mette Bliddal
author_sort Anna J. M. Aabakke
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Introduction We identified risk factors and outcomes associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in pregnancy in a universally tested population according to disease severity and validated information on SARS‐CoV‐2 during pregnancy in national health registers in Denmark. Material and methods Cohort study using data from national registers and medical records including all pregnancies between March 1, 2020 and February 28, 2021. We compared women with a validated positive SARS‐CoV‐2 test during pregnancy with non‐infected pregnant women. Risk factors and pregnancy outcomes were assessed by Poisson and Cox regression models and stratified according to disease severity defined by hospital admission status and admission reason (COVID‐19 symptoms or other). Using medical record data on actual period of pregnancy, we calculated predictive values of the SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis in pregnancy in the registers. Results SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was detected in 1819 (1.6%) of 111 185 pregnancies. Asthma was associated with infection (relative risk [RR] 1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28–2.07). Risk factors for severe COVID‐19 disease requiring hospital admission were high body mass index (median ratio 1.06, 95% CI 1.04–1.09), asthma (RR 7.47, 95% CI 3.51–15.90) and gestational age at the time of infection (gestational age 28–36 vs < 22: RR 3.53, 95% CI 1.75–7.10). SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected women more frequently had hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.31, 95% CI 1.04–1.64), early pregnancy loss (aHR 1.37, 95% CI 1.00–1.88), preterm delivery before gestational age 28 (aHR 2.31, 95% CI 1.01–5.26), iatrogenically preterm delivery before gestational age 37 (aHR 1.49, 95% CI 1.01–2.19) and small‐for‐gestational age children (aHR 1.28, 95% CI 1.05–1.54). The associations were stronger among women admitted to hospital for any reason. The validity of the SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis in relation to pregnancy in the registers compared with medical records showed a negative predictive value of 99.9 (95% CI 99.9–100.0) and a positive predictive value of 82.1 (95% CI 80.4–83.7). Conclusions Women infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 during pregnancy were at increased risk of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, early pregnancy loss, preterm delivery and having children small for gestational age. The validity of Danish national registers was acceptable for identification of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection during pregnancy.
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spelling doaj-art-6adf29050da6413ea26e7e4cc48bfff62025-08-20T02:36:42ZengWileyActa Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica0001-63491600-04122023-03-01102328229310.1111/aogs.14512Risk factors for and pregnancy outcomes after SARS‐CoV‐2 in pregnancy according to disease severity: A nationwide cohort study with validation of the SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosisAnna J. M. Aabakke0Tanja G. Petersen1Karen Wøjdemann2Mette H. Ibsen3Fjola Jonsdottir4Elisabeth Rønneberg5Charlotte S. Andersen6Anne Hammer7Tine D. Clausen8Julie Milbak9Lars Burmester10Rikke Zethner11Birgitte Lindved12Annette Thorsen‐Meyer13Mohammed R. Khalil14Birgitte Henriksen15Lisbeth Jønsson16Lise L. T. Andersen17Kamilla K. Karlsen18Monica L. Pedersen19Gitte Hedermann20Marianne Vestgaard21Dorthe Thisted22Agnethe N. Fallesen23Josephine N. Johansson24Ditte C. Møller25Greta Dubietyte26Charlotte B. Andersson27Richard Farlie28Ane‐Kersti Skaarup Knudsen29Lea Hansen30Lone Hvidman31Anne N. Sørensen32Sidsel L. Rathcke33Katrine H. Rubin34Lone K. Petersen35Jan S. Jørgensen36Lone Krebs37Mette Bliddal38Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Copenhagen University Hospital—Holbæk Holbæk DenmarkOPEN, Odense University Hospital Odense DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Copenhagen University Hospital—Bornholm Rønne DenmarkDepartment Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of South West Jutland Esbjerg DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Copenhagen University Hospital—Herlev and Gentofte Herlev DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Copenhagen University Hospital—Herlev and Gentofte Herlev DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Gødstrup Hospital Herning DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Gødstrup Hospital Herning DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Copenhagen University Hospital—North Zealand Hillerød DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Copenhagen University Hospital—North Zealand Hillerød DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology The North Denmark Regional Hospital Hjørring Hjørring DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Copenhagen University Hospital—Holbæk Holbæk DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Horsens Regional Hospital Horsens DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre Hvidovre DenmarkDepartment Obstetrics and Gynecology University Hospital of Southern Denmark – Kolding Kolding DenmarkDepartment Obstetrics and Gynecology University Hospital of Southern Denmark – Kolding Kolding DenmarkDepartment Obstetrics and Gynecology Nykøbing F. Hospital Nykøbing F DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Odense University Hospital Odense DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Odense University Hospital Odense DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Randers Regional Hospital Randers DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet Copenhagen DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet Copenhagen DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Copenhagen University Hospital—Holbæk Holbæk DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Copenhagen University Hospital – Næstved Slagelse DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Copenhagen University Hospital – Næstved Slagelse DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of South Jutland Aabenraa DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of South Jutland Aabenraa DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology The North Denmark Regional Hospital Thisted Thisted DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Viborg Regional Hospital Viborg DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Viborg Regional Hospital Viborg DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Aalborg University Hospital Aalborg DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Aalborg University Hospital Aalborg DenmarkOPEN, Odense University Hospital Odense DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Odense University Hospital Odense DenmarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Odense University Hospital Odense DenmarkDepartment of Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen Copenhagen DenmarkOPEN, Odense University Hospital Odense DenmarkAbstract Introduction We identified risk factors and outcomes associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in pregnancy in a universally tested population according to disease severity and validated information on SARS‐CoV‐2 during pregnancy in national health registers in Denmark. Material and methods Cohort study using data from national registers and medical records including all pregnancies between March 1, 2020 and February 28, 2021. We compared women with a validated positive SARS‐CoV‐2 test during pregnancy with non‐infected pregnant women. Risk factors and pregnancy outcomes were assessed by Poisson and Cox regression models and stratified according to disease severity defined by hospital admission status and admission reason (COVID‐19 symptoms or other). Using medical record data on actual period of pregnancy, we calculated predictive values of the SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis in pregnancy in the registers. Results SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was detected in 1819 (1.6%) of 111 185 pregnancies. Asthma was associated with infection (relative risk [RR] 1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28–2.07). Risk factors for severe COVID‐19 disease requiring hospital admission were high body mass index (median ratio 1.06, 95% CI 1.04–1.09), asthma (RR 7.47, 95% CI 3.51–15.90) and gestational age at the time of infection (gestational age 28–36 vs < 22: RR 3.53, 95% CI 1.75–7.10). SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected women more frequently had hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.31, 95% CI 1.04–1.64), early pregnancy loss (aHR 1.37, 95% CI 1.00–1.88), preterm delivery before gestational age 28 (aHR 2.31, 95% CI 1.01–5.26), iatrogenically preterm delivery before gestational age 37 (aHR 1.49, 95% CI 1.01–2.19) and small‐for‐gestational age children (aHR 1.28, 95% CI 1.05–1.54). The associations were stronger among women admitted to hospital for any reason. The validity of the SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis in relation to pregnancy in the registers compared with medical records showed a negative predictive value of 99.9 (95% CI 99.9–100.0) and a positive predictive value of 82.1 (95% CI 80.4–83.7). Conclusions Women infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 during pregnancy were at increased risk of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, early pregnancy loss, preterm delivery and having children small for gestational age. The validity of Danish national registers was acceptable for identification of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection during pregnancy.https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.14512cohort studiesCOVID‐19obstetric deliverypregnancy complicationspregnancy outcomeprospective studies
spellingShingle Anna J. M. Aabakke
Tanja G. Petersen
Karen Wøjdemann
Mette H. Ibsen
Fjola Jonsdottir
Elisabeth Rønneberg
Charlotte S. Andersen
Anne Hammer
Tine D. Clausen
Julie Milbak
Lars Burmester
Rikke Zethner
Birgitte Lindved
Annette Thorsen‐Meyer
Mohammed R. Khalil
Birgitte Henriksen
Lisbeth Jønsson
Lise L. T. Andersen
Kamilla K. Karlsen
Monica L. Pedersen
Gitte Hedermann
Marianne Vestgaard
Dorthe Thisted
Agnethe N. Fallesen
Josephine N. Johansson
Ditte C. Møller
Greta Dubietyte
Charlotte B. Andersson
Richard Farlie
Ane‐Kersti Skaarup Knudsen
Lea Hansen
Lone Hvidman
Anne N. Sørensen
Sidsel L. Rathcke
Katrine H. Rubin
Lone K. Petersen
Jan S. Jørgensen
Lone Krebs
Mette Bliddal
Risk factors for and pregnancy outcomes after SARS‐CoV‐2 in pregnancy according to disease severity: A nationwide cohort study with validation of the SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis
Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
cohort studies
COVID‐19
obstetric delivery
pregnancy complications
pregnancy outcome
prospective studies
title Risk factors for and pregnancy outcomes after SARS‐CoV‐2 in pregnancy according to disease severity: A nationwide cohort study with validation of the SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis
title_full Risk factors for and pregnancy outcomes after SARS‐CoV‐2 in pregnancy according to disease severity: A nationwide cohort study with validation of the SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis
title_fullStr Risk factors for and pregnancy outcomes after SARS‐CoV‐2 in pregnancy according to disease severity: A nationwide cohort study with validation of the SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis
title_full_unstemmed Risk factors for and pregnancy outcomes after SARS‐CoV‐2 in pregnancy according to disease severity: A nationwide cohort study with validation of the SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis
title_short Risk factors for and pregnancy outcomes after SARS‐CoV‐2 in pregnancy according to disease severity: A nationwide cohort study with validation of the SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis
title_sort risk factors for and pregnancy outcomes after sars cov 2 in pregnancy according to disease severity a nationwide cohort study with validation of the sars cov 2 diagnosis
topic cohort studies
COVID‐19
obstetric delivery
pregnancy complications
pregnancy outcome
prospective studies
url https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.14512
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