Bioaugmentation of Industrial Wastewater and Formation of Bacterial–CaCO<sub>3</sub> Coupled System for Self-Healing Cement

Bioaugmentation of Industrial Wastewater and Formation of Bacterial–CaCO<sub>3</sub> Coupled System for Self-Healing Cement

This study investigates the potential of bioaugmentation with <i>Bacillus</i> species to enhance wastewater treatment and develop a bacterial–CaCO<sub>3</sub> system for self-healing cement applications. Utilizing microbiologically induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MIC...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Olja Šovljanski, Vesna Bulatović, Tiana Milović, Jovana Grahovac, Tamara Erceg, Miroslav Dramićanin, Ana Tomić
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Buildings
Subjects:
microbiologically induced calcite precipitation
<i>Bacillus</i>
self-healing effect
cement-based materials
calcium carbonate
bioaugmentation
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/14/12/4011
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Summary:This study investigates the potential of bioaugmentation with <i>Bacillus</i> species to enhance wastewater treatment and develop a bacterial–CaCO<sub>3</sub> system for self-healing cement applications. Utilizing microbiologically induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP), this study evaluates the dual functionality of <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> and <i>B. muralis</i> strains. For wastewater treatment, the bioaugmentation process achieved significant pollutant reductions, including a 99.52% decrease in biochemical oxygen demand (BOD<sub>5</sub>), a 92.13% reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD), and a substantial removal of heavy metals and nutrients. This process also produced high concentrations of CaCO<sub>3</sub> precipitate enriched with viable bacterial cells, demonstrating an eco-friendly approach to improving water quality. For self-healing cement applications, bioaugmented CaCO<sub>3</sub> crystals were coated with nutrient and sodium silicate layers to form a bacterial–CaCO<sub>3</sub> coupled system. This system demonstrated a 92% recovery in compressive strength after 180 days, highlighting its ability to autonomously repair microcracks in cement-based materials. The layered encapsulation strategy ensured bacterial viability and a controlled activation mechanism, offering a scalable and sustainable solution for infrastructure resilience. This dual-function approach addresses critical environmental and construction challenges by linking efficient wastewater treatment with innovative self-healing material development, contributing to global sustainability and circular economy goals.
ISSN:2075-5309

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