An Anthropometric Risk Index Based on Combining Height, Weight, Waist, and Hip Measurements

Body mass index (BMI) can be considered an application of a power law model to express body weight independently of height. Based on the same power law principle, we previously introduced a body shape index (ABSI) to be independent of BMI and height. Here, we develop a new hip index (HI) whose norma...

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Main Authors: Nir Y. Krakauer, Jesse C. Krakauer
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2016-01-01
Series:Journal of Obesity
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8094275
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author Nir Y. Krakauer
Jesse C. Krakauer
author_facet Nir Y. Krakauer
Jesse C. Krakauer
author_sort Nir Y. Krakauer
collection DOAJ
description Body mass index (BMI) can be considered an application of a power law model to express body weight independently of height. Based on the same power law principle, we previously introduced a body shape index (ABSI) to be independent of BMI and height. Here, we develop a new hip index (HI) whose normalized value is independent of height, BMI, and ABSI. Similar to BMI, HI demonstrates a U-shaped relationship to mortality in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) population. We further develop a new anthropometric risk index (ARI) by adding log hazard ratios from separate nonlinear regressions of the four indicators, height, BMI, ABSI, and HI, against NHANES III mortality hazard. ARI far outperforms any of the individual indicators as a linear mortality predictor in NHANES III. The superior performance of ARI also holds for predicting mortality hazard in the independent Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort. Thus, HI, along with BMI and ABSI, can capture the risk profile associated with body size and shape. These can be combined in a risk indicator that utilizes complementary information from height, weight, and waist and hip circumference. The combined ARI is promising for further research and clinical applications.
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spelling doaj-art-6ac214fbfef6474caf5d39fe2cb04a4f2025-02-03T01:30:29ZengWileyJournal of Obesity2090-07082090-07162016-01-01201610.1155/2016/80942758094275An Anthropometric Risk Index Based on Combining Height, Weight, Waist, and Hip MeasurementsNir Y. Krakauer0Jesse C. Krakauer1Department of Civil Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, USAMetro Detroit Diabetes and Endocrinology, Southfield, MI, USABody mass index (BMI) can be considered an application of a power law model to express body weight independently of height. Based on the same power law principle, we previously introduced a body shape index (ABSI) to be independent of BMI and height. Here, we develop a new hip index (HI) whose normalized value is independent of height, BMI, and ABSI. Similar to BMI, HI demonstrates a U-shaped relationship to mortality in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) population. We further develop a new anthropometric risk index (ARI) by adding log hazard ratios from separate nonlinear regressions of the four indicators, height, BMI, ABSI, and HI, against NHANES III mortality hazard. ARI far outperforms any of the individual indicators as a linear mortality predictor in NHANES III. The superior performance of ARI also holds for predicting mortality hazard in the independent Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort. Thus, HI, along with BMI and ABSI, can capture the risk profile associated with body size and shape. These can be combined in a risk indicator that utilizes complementary information from height, weight, and waist and hip circumference. The combined ARI is promising for further research and clinical applications.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8094275
spellingShingle Nir Y. Krakauer
Jesse C. Krakauer
An Anthropometric Risk Index Based on Combining Height, Weight, Waist, and Hip Measurements
Journal of Obesity
title An Anthropometric Risk Index Based on Combining Height, Weight, Waist, and Hip Measurements
title_full An Anthropometric Risk Index Based on Combining Height, Weight, Waist, and Hip Measurements
title_fullStr An Anthropometric Risk Index Based on Combining Height, Weight, Waist, and Hip Measurements
title_full_unstemmed An Anthropometric Risk Index Based on Combining Height, Weight, Waist, and Hip Measurements
title_short An Anthropometric Risk Index Based on Combining Height, Weight, Waist, and Hip Measurements
title_sort anthropometric risk index based on combining height weight waist and hip measurements
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8094275
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