Catalytic Performance of Iron-Based Oxygen Carriers Mixed with Converter Steel Slags for Hydrogen Production in Chemical Looping Gasification of Brewers’ Spent Grains
Iron-based oxygen carriers (OCs) have received much attention due to their low costs, high mechanical strengths and high-temperature stabilities in the chemical looping gasification (CLG) of biomass, but their chemical reactivity is very ordinary. Converter steel slags (CSSs) are steelmaking wastes...
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| author | Miao Yuan Huawei Jiang Xiangli Zuo Cuiping Wang Yanhui Li Hairui Yang |
| author_facet | Miao Yuan Huawei Jiang Xiangli Zuo Cuiping Wang Yanhui Li Hairui Yang |
| author_sort | Miao Yuan |
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| description | Iron-based oxygen carriers (OCs) have received much attention due to their low costs, high mechanical strengths and high-temperature stabilities in the chemical looping gasification (CLG) of biomass, but their chemical reactivity is very ordinary. Converter steel slags (CSSs) are steelmaking wastes and rich in Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CaO and MgO, which have good oxidative ability and good stability as well as catalytic effects on biomass gasification. Therefore, the composite OCs prepared by mechanically mixing CSSs with iron-based OCs are expected to be used to increase the hydrogen production in the CLG of biomass. In this study, the catalytic performance of CSS/Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> composite OCs prepared by mechanically mixing CSSs with iron-based OCs on the gasification of brewers’ spent grains (BSGs) were investigated in a tubular furnace experimental apparatus. The results showed that when the weight ratio of the CSSs in composite OCs was 0.5, the relative volume fraction of hydrogen reached the maximum value of 49.1%, the product gas yield was 0.85 Nm<sup>3</sup>/kg and the gasification efficiency was 64.05%. It could be found by X-ray diffraction patterns and scanning electron microscope characterizations that the addition of CSSs helped to form MgFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, which are efficient catalysts for H<sub>2</sub> production. Owing to the large and widely distributed surface pores of CSSs, mixing them with iron-based OCs was beneficial for catalytic steam reforming to produce hydrogen. |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 1996-1073 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-6abffa50c4814fd7a88cdf1f9d4c2b312025-08-20T02:53:19ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-03-01185129810.3390/en18051298Catalytic Performance of Iron-Based Oxygen Carriers Mixed with Converter Steel Slags for Hydrogen Production in Chemical Looping Gasification of Brewers’ Spent GrainsMiao Yuan0Huawei Jiang1Xiangli Zuo2Cuiping Wang3Yanhui Li4Hairui Yang5College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, ChinaCollege of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, ChinaCollege of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, ChinaCollege of Energy Storage Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollege of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, ChinaDepartment of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaIron-based oxygen carriers (OCs) have received much attention due to their low costs, high mechanical strengths and high-temperature stabilities in the chemical looping gasification (CLG) of biomass, but their chemical reactivity is very ordinary. Converter steel slags (CSSs) are steelmaking wastes and rich in Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CaO and MgO, which have good oxidative ability and good stability as well as catalytic effects on biomass gasification. Therefore, the composite OCs prepared by mechanically mixing CSSs with iron-based OCs are expected to be used to increase the hydrogen production in the CLG of biomass. In this study, the catalytic performance of CSS/Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> composite OCs prepared by mechanically mixing CSSs with iron-based OCs on the gasification of brewers’ spent grains (BSGs) were investigated in a tubular furnace experimental apparatus. The results showed that when the weight ratio of the CSSs in composite OCs was 0.5, the relative volume fraction of hydrogen reached the maximum value of 49.1%, the product gas yield was 0.85 Nm<sup>3</sup>/kg and the gasification efficiency was 64.05%. It could be found by X-ray diffraction patterns and scanning electron microscope characterizations that the addition of CSSs helped to form MgFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, which are efficient catalysts for H<sub>2</sub> production. Owing to the large and widely distributed surface pores of CSSs, mixing them with iron-based OCs was beneficial for catalytic steam reforming to produce hydrogen.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/5/1298chemical looping gasificationbrewers’ spent grainsconverter steel slagsiron-based oxygen carriershydrogen productioncatalytic performance |
| spellingShingle | Miao Yuan Huawei Jiang Xiangli Zuo Cuiping Wang Yanhui Li Hairui Yang Catalytic Performance of Iron-Based Oxygen Carriers Mixed with Converter Steel Slags for Hydrogen Production in Chemical Looping Gasification of Brewers’ Spent Grains Energies chemical looping gasification brewers’ spent grains converter steel slags iron-based oxygen carriers hydrogen production catalytic performance |
| title | Catalytic Performance of Iron-Based Oxygen Carriers Mixed with Converter Steel Slags for Hydrogen Production in Chemical Looping Gasification of Brewers’ Spent Grains |
| title_full | Catalytic Performance of Iron-Based Oxygen Carriers Mixed with Converter Steel Slags for Hydrogen Production in Chemical Looping Gasification of Brewers’ Spent Grains |
| title_fullStr | Catalytic Performance of Iron-Based Oxygen Carriers Mixed with Converter Steel Slags for Hydrogen Production in Chemical Looping Gasification of Brewers’ Spent Grains |
| title_full_unstemmed | Catalytic Performance of Iron-Based Oxygen Carriers Mixed with Converter Steel Slags for Hydrogen Production in Chemical Looping Gasification of Brewers’ Spent Grains |
| title_short | Catalytic Performance of Iron-Based Oxygen Carriers Mixed with Converter Steel Slags for Hydrogen Production in Chemical Looping Gasification of Brewers’ Spent Grains |
| title_sort | catalytic performance of iron based oxygen carriers mixed with converter steel slags for hydrogen production in chemical looping gasification of brewers spent grains |
| topic | chemical looping gasification brewers’ spent grains converter steel slags iron-based oxygen carriers hydrogen production catalytic performance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/5/1298 |
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