Middle Stone Age fauna from the RS sub-member (MSA I) at Cave 1B, Klasies River Main site, South Africa

Klasies River is an important site for the study of the evolution of Homo sapiens, understanding modern behaviour and human interaction with the environment during the Middle Stone Age. The faunal sample from the RS sub-member in Cave 1B (MSA I), dating to ca. 115 000 years ago and older, was recen...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Joel Ezeimo, Sarah Wurz, Shaw Badenhorst
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: UJ Press 2024-06-01
Series:Southern African Field Archaeology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journals.uj.ac.za/index.php/safa/article/view/3144
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850156480397836288
author Joel Ezeimo
Sarah Wurz
Shaw Badenhorst
author_facet Joel Ezeimo
Sarah Wurz
Shaw Badenhorst
author_sort Joel Ezeimo
collection DOAJ
description Klasies River is an important site for the study of the evolution of Homo sapiens, understanding modern behaviour and human interaction with the environment during the Middle Stone Age. The faunal sample from the RS sub-member in Cave 1B (MSA I), dating to ca. 115 000 years ago and older, was recently analysed. The results indicate that humans were hunting a variety of prey. The most common taxa in the sample are indeterminate medium birds, indeterminate small mammals, rock hyraxes, and indeterminate medium mammals. Based on multiple lines of evidence including the presence of: cultural artefacts, shellfish, tortoises, large mammals, butchery marks, and burnt specimens; and, a lack of carnivore taxa compared to ungulates (as reflected in the low carnivore-ungulate ratio), hyena coprolites and beak damage, coupled with infrequent baboons and the absence of leopards (as reflected in the low leopard index), it is apparent that humans were the main agent of accumulation of the fauna. However, other agents of accumulation such as brown hyenas, leopards and raptors likely contributed some faunal remains, especially of smaller taxa.    
format Article
id doaj-art-6abc48ea4d7549cbbf33ac1a8aa59ac2
institution OA Journals
issn 1019-5785
2789-1844
language English
publishDate 2024-06-01
publisher UJ Press
record_format Article
series Southern African Field Archaeology
spelling doaj-art-6abc48ea4d7549cbbf33ac1a8aa59ac22025-08-20T02:24:31ZengUJ PressSouthern African Field Archaeology1019-57852789-18442024-06-011910.36615/safa.19.3144.2024Middle Stone Age fauna from the RS sub-member (MSA I) at Cave 1B, Klasies River Main site, South AfricaJoel Ezeimo0Sarah Wurz1Shaw Badenhorst2School of Geosciences, University of the WitwatersrandSchool of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand/Centre for Early Sapiens Behaviour, University of BergenEvolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand Klasies River is an important site for the study of the evolution of Homo sapiens, understanding modern behaviour and human interaction with the environment during the Middle Stone Age. The faunal sample from the RS sub-member in Cave 1B (MSA I), dating to ca. 115 000 years ago and older, was recently analysed. The results indicate that humans were hunting a variety of prey. The most common taxa in the sample are indeterminate medium birds, indeterminate small mammals, rock hyraxes, and indeterminate medium mammals. Based on multiple lines of evidence including the presence of: cultural artefacts, shellfish, tortoises, large mammals, butchery marks, and burnt specimens; and, a lack of carnivore taxa compared to ungulates (as reflected in the low carnivore-ungulate ratio), hyena coprolites and beak damage, coupled with infrequent baboons and the absence of leopards (as reflected in the low leopard index), it is apparent that humans were the main agent of accumulation of the fauna. However, other agents of accumulation such as brown hyenas, leopards and raptors likely contributed some faunal remains, especially of smaller taxa.     https://journals.uj.ac.za/index.php/safa/article/view/3144zooarchaeologytaphonomymarine isotope stage 5d-eKlasies Patternbutchery marks
spellingShingle Joel Ezeimo
Sarah Wurz
Shaw Badenhorst
Middle Stone Age fauna from the RS sub-member (MSA I) at Cave 1B, Klasies River Main site, South Africa
Southern African Field Archaeology
zooarchaeology
taphonomy
marine isotope stage 5d-e
Klasies Pattern
butchery marks
title Middle Stone Age fauna from the RS sub-member (MSA I) at Cave 1B, Klasies River Main site, South Africa
title_full Middle Stone Age fauna from the RS sub-member (MSA I) at Cave 1B, Klasies River Main site, South Africa
title_fullStr Middle Stone Age fauna from the RS sub-member (MSA I) at Cave 1B, Klasies River Main site, South Africa
title_full_unstemmed Middle Stone Age fauna from the RS sub-member (MSA I) at Cave 1B, Klasies River Main site, South Africa
title_short Middle Stone Age fauna from the RS sub-member (MSA I) at Cave 1B, Klasies River Main site, South Africa
title_sort middle stone age fauna from the rs sub member msa i at cave 1b klasies river main site south africa
topic zooarchaeology
taphonomy
marine isotope stage 5d-e
Klasies Pattern
butchery marks
url https://journals.uj.ac.za/index.php/safa/article/view/3144
work_keys_str_mv AT joelezeimo middlestoneagefaunafromtherssubmembermsaiatcave1bklasiesrivermainsitesouthafrica
AT sarahwurz middlestoneagefaunafromtherssubmembermsaiatcave1bklasiesrivermainsitesouthafrica
AT shawbadenhorst middlestoneagefaunafromtherssubmembermsaiatcave1bklasiesrivermainsitesouthafrica