Study of biological safety of camel milk after treatment with different antibiotics.

The use of antibiotics in camels is generally based on the doses applied to cattle, despite the known differences in plasma pharmacokinetics between camel and cattle. The demand for camel milk increased due to the belief that traditional camel farming practices produce safe milk with health benefits...

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Main Authors: Zauresh Bilal, Farida Amutova, Zaira Kabdullina, Dariga Utemuratova, Askar Kondybayev, Shynar Akhmetsadykova, Zhaidar Musayev, Nurlan Akhmetsadykov, Bernard Faye, Gaukhar Konuspayeva
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321807
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author Zauresh Bilal
Farida Amutova
Zaira Kabdullina
Dariga Utemuratova
Askar Kondybayev
Shynar Akhmetsadykova
Zhaidar Musayev
Nurlan Akhmetsadykov
Bernard Faye
Gaukhar Konuspayeva
author_facet Zauresh Bilal
Farida Amutova
Zaira Kabdullina
Dariga Utemuratova
Askar Kondybayev
Shynar Akhmetsadykova
Zhaidar Musayev
Nurlan Akhmetsadykov
Bernard Faye
Gaukhar Konuspayeva
author_sort Zauresh Bilal
collection DOAJ
description The use of antibiotics in camels is generally based on the doses applied to cattle, despite the known differences in plasma pharmacokinetics between camel and cattle. The demand for camel milk increased due to the belief that traditional camel farming practices produce safe milk with health benefits. For assessing the importance of antibiotic residues in camel milk and to propose a convenient withdrawal period, a trial was conducted on 10 lactating camels (7-12 years old; 450 kg life weight (LW), 7-8 liter of milk production per day) at mid-lactation receiving an injection of 40 mL of Pen-strep® (benzylpenicillin-procaine 200,000 IU/1 ml and dihydrostreptomycin sulfate 200 mg/1 ml) and Nitox® (oxytetracycline dihydrate 200 mg/1 ml). The antibiotic residues were measured in the milk 30 min after injection then on day 1, 2, 3, 7, 9, 14, 19, 24 and 56 by using HPLC-MS/MS. Results showed that penicillin's mean residual concentration (0.3 ± 0.013 mg/kg) remained 7.5 times above the maximum residue limit (MRL) even on 56th day. In contrast, streptomycin fell below the MRL within 30 minutes and averaged 1 µg/kg by day 56. Oxytetracycline levels exceeded the MRL (0.1 mg/kg) until day 14 but dropped to a safe level of 0.018 ± 0.01 mg/kg by day 24. In conclusion, the decline in streptomycin concentration post-injection appeared rapid and efficient, the elimination of penicillin and tetracycline was slow. These preliminary results lead to considering the necessity to adapt the waiting time to the dairy camel.
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spelling doaj-art-6a9c605d543e4af0bf47ad0aec2438dc2025-08-20T02:19:18ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01204e032180710.1371/journal.pone.0321807Study of biological safety of camel milk after treatment with different antibiotics.Zauresh BilalFarida AmutovaZaira KabdullinaDariga UtemuratovaAskar KondybayevShynar AkhmetsadykovaZhaidar MusayevNurlan AkhmetsadykovBernard FayeGaukhar KonuspayevaThe use of antibiotics in camels is generally based on the doses applied to cattle, despite the known differences in plasma pharmacokinetics between camel and cattle. The demand for camel milk increased due to the belief that traditional camel farming practices produce safe milk with health benefits. For assessing the importance of antibiotic residues in camel milk and to propose a convenient withdrawal period, a trial was conducted on 10 lactating camels (7-12 years old; 450 kg life weight (LW), 7-8 liter of milk production per day) at mid-lactation receiving an injection of 40 mL of Pen-strep® (benzylpenicillin-procaine 200,000 IU/1 ml and dihydrostreptomycin sulfate 200 mg/1 ml) and Nitox® (oxytetracycline dihydrate 200 mg/1 ml). The antibiotic residues were measured in the milk 30 min after injection then on day 1, 2, 3, 7, 9, 14, 19, 24 and 56 by using HPLC-MS/MS. Results showed that penicillin's mean residual concentration (0.3 ± 0.013 mg/kg) remained 7.5 times above the maximum residue limit (MRL) even on 56th day. In contrast, streptomycin fell below the MRL within 30 minutes and averaged 1 µg/kg by day 56. Oxytetracycline levels exceeded the MRL (0.1 mg/kg) until day 14 but dropped to a safe level of 0.018 ± 0.01 mg/kg by day 24. In conclusion, the decline in streptomycin concentration post-injection appeared rapid and efficient, the elimination of penicillin and tetracycline was slow. These preliminary results lead to considering the necessity to adapt the waiting time to the dairy camel.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321807
spellingShingle Zauresh Bilal
Farida Amutova
Zaira Kabdullina
Dariga Utemuratova
Askar Kondybayev
Shynar Akhmetsadykova
Zhaidar Musayev
Nurlan Akhmetsadykov
Bernard Faye
Gaukhar Konuspayeva
Study of biological safety of camel milk after treatment with different antibiotics.
PLoS ONE
title Study of biological safety of camel milk after treatment with different antibiotics.
title_full Study of biological safety of camel milk after treatment with different antibiotics.
title_fullStr Study of biological safety of camel milk after treatment with different antibiotics.
title_full_unstemmed Study of biological safety of camel milk after treatment with different antibiotics.
title_short Study of biological safety of camel milk after treatment with different antibiotics.
title_sort study of biological safety of camel milk after treatment with different antibiotics
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321807
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