Si/Pyrex glass and poly(dimethylsiloxane)-based microfluidic devices with integrated heating elements for TiO2 nanoparticle synthesis

This paper presents two microreactors used to synthesize titanium(IV) oxide (TiO2) nanoparticles. The microreactors under investigation incorporate integrated heaters and possess distinct microchannel dimensions. The first microreactor comprises silicon and Pyrex glass, with its integrated heater pr...

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Main Authors: Milena Rašljić Rafajilović, Katarina Radulović, Marija V. Pergal, Jovan Blanuša, Vladimir Rajić, Nikola Cvjetićanin, Dana Vasiljević-Radović
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468217925000309
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author Milena Rašljić Rafajilović
Katarina Radulović
Marija V. Pergal
Jovan Blanuša
Vladimir Rajić
Nikola Cvjetićanin
Dana Vasiljević-Radović
author_facet Milena Rašljić Rafajilović
Katarina Radulović
Marija V. Pergal
Jovan Blanuša
Vladimir Rajić
Nikola Cvjetićanin
Dana Vasiljević-Radović
author_sort Milena Rašljić Rafajilović
collection DOAJ
description This paper presents two microreactors used to synthesize titanium(IV) oxide (TiO2) nanoparticles. The microreactors under investigation incorporate integrated heaters and possess distinct microchannel dimensions. The first microreactor comprises silicon and Pyrex glass, with its integrated heater produced through p-type diffusion. Conversely, the second microreactor is constructed from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and features a wire-based integrated heater. Recognizing the significance of temperature control in the synthesis process, both experimental and simulation results pertaining to the behavior of the microreactor heaters are provided. The synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles serves as a means to validate the efficacy of the microreactors. Comparative analysis reveals that the PDMS microreactor exhibits superior functionality when compared to the silicon/Pyrex glass counterpart. It has been demonstrated that upon a reaction time of 2 min within the microreactors, amorphous nanoparticles are formed, accompanied by partially developed crystallites corresponding to the anatase and rutile phases. Subsequent heating facilitates the complete conversion of the amorphous phase into the anatase phase. The utilization of a PDMS microreactor exhibits a heightened suitability for the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles with good photocatalytic efficiency, achieving 93.59 % methylene blue (MB) degradation after 90 min. This suitability arises from several key factors: enhanced production speed, the cost-effectiveness inherent in the material, and the prevention of channel blockage attributed to calcification during the reaction process.
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issn 2468-2179
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publishDate 2025-06-01
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spelling doaj-art-6a4f7ba2beec495f852df852a56255cd2025-08-20T03:12:10ZengElsevierJournal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices2468-21792025-06-0110210087710.1016/j.jsamd.2025.100877Si/Pyrex glass and poly(dimethylsiloxane)-based microfluidic devices with integrated heating elements for TiO2 nanoparticle synthesisMilena Rašljić Rafajilović0Katarina Radulović1Marija V. Pergal2Jovan Blanuša3Vladimir Rajić4Nikola Cvjetićanin5Dana Vasiljević-Radović6Institute for Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Center for Microelectronic Technologies, University of Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Njegoševa 12, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia; Corresponding author.Institute for Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Center for Microelectronic Technologies, University of Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Njegoševa 12, 11000, Belgrade, SerbiaInstitute for Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Center for Microelectronic Technologies, University of Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Njegoševa 12, 11000, Belgrade, SerbiaInstitute of Nuclear Science Vinča, University of Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic Serbia, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, Vinča, 11351, Belgrade, SerbiaInstitute of Nuclear Science Vinča, University of Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic Serbia, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, Vinča, 11351, Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty for Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11158, Belgrade, SerbiaInstitute for Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Center for Microelectronic Technologies, University of Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Njegoševa 12, 11000, Belgrade, SerbiaThis paper presents two microreactors used to synthesize titanium(IV) oxide (TiO2) nanoparticles. The microreactors under investigation incorporate integrated heaters and possess distinct microchannel dimensions. The first microreactor comprises silicon and Pyrex glass, with its integrated heater produced through p-type diffusion. Conversely, the second microreactor is constructed from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and features a wire-based integrated heater. Recognizing the significance of temperature control in the synthesis process, both experimental and simulation results pertaining to the behavior of the microreactor heaters are provided. The synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles serves as a means to validate the efficacy of the microreactors. Comparative analysis reveals that the PDMS microreactor exhibits superior functionality when compared to the silicon/Pyrex glass counterpart. It has been demonstrated that upon a reaction time of 2 min within the microreactors, amorphous nanoparticles are formed, accompanied by partially developed crystallites corresponding to the anatase and rutile phases. Subsequent heating facilitates the complete conversion of the amorphous phase into the anatase phase. The utilization of a PDMS microreactor exhibits a heightened suitability for the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles with good photocatalytic efficiency, achieving 93.59 % methylene blue (MB) degradation after 90 min. This suitability arises from several key factors: enhanced production speed, the cost-effectiveness inherent in the material, and the prevention of channel blockage attributed to calcification during the reaction process.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468217925000309MicroreactorsIntegrated heatersSiliconPyrex glassPDMSTiO2 nanoparticles
spellingShingle Milena Rašljić Rafajilović
Katarina Radulović
Marija V. Pergal
Jovan Blanuša
Vladimir Rajić
Nikola Cvjetićanin
Dana Vasiljević-Radović
Si/Pyrex glass and poly(dimethylsiloxane)-based microfluidic devices with integrated heating elements for TiO2 nanoparticle synthesis
Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices
Microreactors
Integrated heaters
Silicon
Pyrex glass
PDMS
TiO2 nanoparticles
title Si/Pyrex glass and poly(dimethylsiloxane)-based microfluidic devices with integrated heating elements for TiO2 nanoparticle synthesis
title_full Si/Pyrex glass and poly(dimethylsiloxane)-based microfluidic devices with integrated heating elements for TiO2 nanoparticle synthesis
title_fullStr Si/Pyrex glass and poly(dimethylsiloxane)-based microfluidic devices with integrated heating elements for TiO2 nanoparticle synthesis
title_full_unstemmed Si/Pyrex glass and poly(dimethylsiloxane)-based microfluidic devices with integrated heating elements for TiO2 nanoparticle synthesis
title_short Si/Pyrex glass and poly(dimethylsiloxane)-based microfluidic devices with integrated heating elements for TiO2 nanoparticle synthesis
title_sort si pyrex glass and poly dimethylsiloxane based microfluidic devices with integrated heating elements for tio2 nanoparticle synthesis
topic Microreactors
Integrated heaters
Silicon
Pyrex glass
PDMS
TiO2 nanoparticles
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468217925000309
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