Toxicity and enzymatic activity changes in rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) induced by basil (Ocimum basilicum) and cumin (Cuminum cyminum) essential oils

Abstract The rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae is one of the primary insects that infest stored grains, causing both quantitative and qualitative losses. The use of synthetic pesticides to control it has led to the emergence of several problems related to human health and the environment, which has prom...

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Main Authors: Ahmed Fayez Omar, Fatma Mohamed Ameen Khalil, Maryam M. Alomran, Tamer Ismail, Ahmed I. El-Tokhy, Khaled Abdelaal, Fatehia N. Gharsan, Reem Nasser Almozini, Ahmed M. Abouelatta
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Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-11-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80329-x
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author Ahmed Fayez Omar
Fatma Mohamed Ameen Khalil
Maryam M. Alomran
Tamer Ismail
Ahmed I. El-Tokhy
Khaled Abdelaal
Fatehia N. Gharsan
Reem Nasser Almozini
Ahmed M. Abouelatta
author_facet Ahmed Fayez Omar
Fatma Mohamed Ameen Khalil
Maryam M. Alomran
Tamer Ismail
Ahmed I. El-Tokhy
Khaled Abdelaal
Fatehia N. Gharsan
Reem Nasser Almozini
Ahmed M. Abouelatta
author_sort Ahmed Fayez Omar
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae is one of the primary insects that infest stored grains, causing both quantitative and qualitative losses. The use of synthetic pesticides to control it has led to the emergence of several problems related to human health and the environment, which has prompted the search for safer alternatives for their control. In this study, the effectiveness of two essential oils, cumin (Cuminum cyminum) and basil (Ocimum basilicum), was evaluated as insecticides for controlling the rice weevil at three different times intervals and various concentrations. (GC-MS) analysis revealed that both oils contain several key compounds, such as procanal (26.07%), ˠ- terpinene (15.78%), for C. cyminum and linalool (56.7%), cadinol, epi-α (11.4%) for O. basilicum, in addition to some secondary components. The results showed that, the lethal concentration (LC50) of cumin was 49%, 45%, and 33% lower than that of basil at the 24, 48, and 72-h assessment periods, respectively demonstrating the superiority of cumin over basil. Regarding the effects on the levels of certain enzymes activity, the results indicated that both oils had a significant impact on the activity of both enzymes ALP and GOT, while there was no significant effect on (GOT), α-amylase, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) compared to control. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that tested essential oils could be developed as a safe and effective alternatives for controlling rice weevil.
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spelling doaj-art-6a02437ef8ee4d348acb85ee5bde01f72025-08-20T02:33:00ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-11-0114111010.1038/s41598-024-80329-xToxicity and enzymatic activity changes in rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) induced by basil (Ocimum basilicum) and cumin (Cuminum cyminum) essential oilsAhmed Fayez Omar0Fatma Mohamed Ameen Khalil1Maryam M. Alomran2Tamer Ismail3Ahmed I. El-Tokhy4Khaled Abdelaal5Fatehia N. Gharsan6Reem Nasser Almozini7Ahmed M. Abouelatta8Pesticides Chemistry and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh UniversityCollege of Science and Arts, Department of Biology, King Khalid UniversityDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityPesticides Chemistry and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh UniversityPlant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef UniversityEPCRS Excellence Center, Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Lab, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh UniversityDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Baha UniversityDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Qassim UniversityStored Grain and Product Pests Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research CenterAbstract The rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae is one of the primary insects that infest stored grains, causing both quantitative and qualitative losses. The use of synthetic pesticides to control it has led to the emergence of several problems related to human health and the environment, which has prompted the search for safer alternatives for their control. In this study, the effectiveness of two essential oils, cumin (Cuminum cyminum) and basil (Ocimum basilicum), was evaluated as insecticides for controlling the rice weevil at three different times intervals and various concentrations. (GC-MS) analysis revealed that both oils contain several key compounds, such as procanal (26.07%), ˠ- terpinene (15.78%), for C. cyminum and linalool (56.7%), cadinol, epi-α (11.4%) for O. basilicum, in addition to some secondary components. The results showed that, the lethal concentration (LC50) of cumin was 49%, 45%, and 33% lower than that of basil at the 24, 48, and 72-h assessment periods, respectively demonstrating the superiority of cumin over basil. Regarding the effects on the levels of certain enzymes activity, the results indicated that both oils had a significant impact on the activity of both enzymes ALP and GOT, while there was no significant effect on (GOT), α-amylase, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) compared to control. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that tested essential oils could be developed as a safe and effective alternatives for controlling rice weevil.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80329-xCuminum cyminumEnzymatic activityEssential oilsOcimum basilicumSitophilus oryzaeToxicity effect
spellingShingle Ahmed Fayez Omar
Fatma Mohamed Ameen Khalil
Maryam M. Alomran
Tamer Ismail
Ahmed I. El-Tokhy
Khaled Abdelaal
Fatehia N. Gharsan
Reem Nasser Almozini
Ahmed M. Abouelatta
Toxicity and enzymatic activity changes in rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) induced by basil (Ocimum basilicum) and cumin (Cuminum cyminum) essential oils
Scientific Reports
Cuminum cyminum
Enzymatic activity
Essential oils
Ocimum basilicum
Sitophilus oryzae
Toxicity effect
title Toxicity and enzymatic activity changes in rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) induced by basil (Ocimum basilicum) and cumin (Cuminum cyminum) essential oils
title_full Toxicity and enzymatic activity changes in rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) induced by basil (Ocimum basilicum) and cumin (Cuminum cyminum) essential oils
title_fullStr Toxicity and enzymatic activity changes in rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) induced by basil (Ocimum basilicum) and cumin (Cuminum cyminum) essential oils
title_full_unstemmed Toxicity and enzymatic activity changes in rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) induced by basil (Ocimum basilicum) and cumin (Cuminum cyminum) essential oils
title_short Toxicity and enzymatic activity changes in rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) induced by basil (Ocimum basilicum) and cumin (Cuminum cyminum) essential oils
title_sort toxicity and enzymatic activity changes in rice weevil sitophilus oryzae induced by basil ocimum basilicum and cumin cuminum cyminum essential oils
topic Cuminum cyminum
Enzymatic activity
Essential oils
Ocimum basilicum
Sitophilus oryzae
Toxicity effect
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80329-x
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