The Influence of the Seasonal Variability of <i>Candida</i> spp. Bloodstream Infections and Antifungal Treatment: A Mediterranean Pilot Study
<b>Background/Objectives</b>: Various factors associated with seasonality, including temperature, humidity, geographical composition, and seasonal fluctuations, can influence the trends of microbes responsible for hospital infections, such as <i>Candida</i> spp. This study ev...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-04-01
|
| Series: | Antibiotics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/5/452 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850254738831966208 |
|---|---|
| author | Paola Di Carlo Nicola Serra Ornella Collotta Claudia Colomba Alberto Firenze Luigi Aprea Salvatore Antonino Distefano Andrea Cortegiani Giovanni Giammanco Teresa Maria Assunta Fasciana Roberta Virruso Angela Capuano Consolato M. Sergi Antonio Cascio |
| author_facet | Paola Di Carlo Nicola Serra Ornella Collotta Claudia Colomba Alberto Firenze Luigi Aprea Salvatore Antonino Distefano Andrea Cortegiani Giovanni Giammanco Teresa Maria Assunta Fasciana Roberta Virruso Angela Capuano Consolato M. Sergi Antonio Cascio |
| author_sort | Paola Di Carlo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background/Objectives</b>: Various factors associated with seasonality, including temperature, humidity, geographical composition, and seasonal fluctuations, can influence the trends of microbes responsible for hospital infections, such as <i>Candida</i> spp. This study evaluates the seasonal variability of Candida spp. bloodstream infections and antifungal resistance in hospitalized patients in Sicily. <b>Methods</b>: We retrospectively analyzed the demographic and epidemiological characteristics of 175 patients with blood cultures positive for <i>Candida</i> spp. Who were hospitalized at University Hospital Paolo Giaccone (A.U.O.P.), University of Palermo, Italy, from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2024. Data on <i>Candida</i> species and antifungal resistance were also collected from the hospital’s database system to prevent and control hospital infections in A.U.O.P. <b>Results</b>: A total of 175 patients, 57.7% males, with a mean age of 68.3 years, were included in this study. <i>Candida </i><i>parapsilosis</i>, <i>Candida albicans</i>, and <i>Candida glabrata</i> were more frequent in ICU (54.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.0001), medical (72.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.0003), and surgical settings (24%, <i>p</i> = 0.0161), respectively. <i>C. </i><i>parapsilosis was</i> more frequent in dead patients (53.2%, <i>p</i> = 0.005). Among the seasons, we observed a significantly higher presence of <i>C. glabrata</i> in Autumn (20%, <i>p</i> = 0.0436). From the analysis of the seasons, <i>C</i>. <i>parapsilosis</i> and <i>C</i>. albicans were more frequent for each season, except in Spring, where the most frequent isolates were <i>C</i>. <i>glabrata</i> (5.1%, <i>p</i> = 0.0237) and C. <i>parapsilosis</i> (9.7%, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). The antifungal with the most resistance to <i>Candida</i> spp. was fluconazole in all seasons. <b>Conclusions</b>: Our study highlights the seasonal trends in <i>Candida</i> spp. and antifungal resistance, emphasizing climate change’s challenges on fungal diseases. These findings may contribute to improving prevention and treatment strategies for candidemia. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-69fd9ded8c7b4e01aadbed002abc60e9 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj-art-69fd9ded8c7b4e01aadbed002abc60e92025-08-20T01:57:04ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822025-04-0114545210.3390/antibiotics14050452The Influence of the Seasonal Variability of <i>Candida</i> spp. Bloodstream Infections and Antifungal Treatment: A Mediterranean Pilot StudyPaola Di Carlo0Nicola Serra1Ornella Collotta2Claudia Colomba3Alberto Firenze4Luigi Aprea5Salvatore Antonino Distefano6Andrea Cortegiani7Giovanni Giammanco8Teresa Maria Assunta Fasciana9Roberta Virruso10Angela Capuano11Consolato M. Sergi12Antonio Cascio13Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry Department, Audiology Section “Federico II” University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, ItalyDegree Course in Medicine and Surgery, Medical School of Hypatia, University of Palermo, 93100 Caltanissetta, ItalyDepartment of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, ItalyAzienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico “Paolo Giaccone”, 90127 Palermo, ItalyAzienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico “Paolo Giaccone”, 90127 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Precision Medicine in Medical, Surgical and Critical Care Area (Me.Pre.C.C.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, ItalyAzienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico “Paolo Giaccone”, 90127 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Emergency, AORN Santobono-Pausilipon, 80122 Naples, ItalyAnatomic Pathology Division, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, CanadaDepartment of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy<b>Background/Objectives</b>: Various factors associated with seasonality, including temperature, humidity, geographical composition, and seasonal fluctuations, can influence the trends of microbes responsible for hospital infections, such as <i>Candida</i> spp. This study evaluates the seasonal variability of Candida spp. bloodstream infections and antifungal resistance in hospitalized patients in Sicily. <b>Methods</b>: We retrospectively analyzed the demographic and epidemiological characteristics of 175 patients with blood cultures positive for <i>Candida</i> spp. Who were hospitalized at University Hospital Paolo Giaccone (A.U.O.P.), University of Palermo, Italy, from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2024. Data on <i>Candida</i> species and antifungal resistance were also collected from the hospital’s database system to prevent and control hospital infections in A.U.O.P. <b>Results</b>: A total of 175 patients, 57.7% males, with a mean age of 68.3 years, were included in this study. <i>Candida </i><i>parapsilosis</i>, <i>Candida albicans</i>, and <i>Candida glabrata</i> were more frequent in ICU (54.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.0001), medical (72.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.0003), and surgical settings (24%, <i>p</i> = 0.0161), respectively. <i>C. </i><i>parapsilosis was</i> more frequent in dead patients (53.2%, <i>p</i> = 0.005). Among the seasons, we observed a significantly higher presence of <i>C. glabrata</i> in Autumn (20%, <i>p</i> = 0.0436). From the analysis of the seasons, <i>C</i>. <i>parapsilosis</i> and <i>C</i>. albicans were more frequent for each season, except in Spring, where the most frequent isolates were <i>C</i>. <i>glabrata</i> (5.1%, <i>p</i> = 0.0237) and C. <i>parapsilosis</i> (9.7%, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). The antifungal with the most resistance to <i>Candida</i> spp. was fluconazole in all seasons. <b>Conclusions</b>: Our study highlights the seasonal trends in <i>Candida</i> spp. and antifungal resistance, emphasizing climate change’s challenges on fungal diseases. These findings may contribute to improving prevention and treatment strategies for candidemia.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/5/452seasonalitycandidemiasurveyantifungal<i>Candida </i> <i>parapsilosis</i><i>Candida glabrata</i> |
| spellingShingle | Paola Di Carlo Nicola Serra Ornella Collotta Claudia Colomba Alberto Firenze Luigi Aprea Salvatore Antonino Distefano Andrea Cortegiani Giovanni Giammanco Teresa Maria Assunta Fasciana Roberta Virruso Angela Capuano Consolato M. Sergi Antonio Cascio The Influence of the Seasonal Variability of <i>Candida</i> spp. Bloodstream Infections and Antifungal Treatment: A Mediterranean Pilot Study Antibiotics seasonality candidemia survey antifungal <i>Candida </i> <i>parapsilosis</i> <i>Candida glabrata</i> |
| title | The Influence of the Seasonal Variability of <i>Candida</i> spp. Bloodstream Infections and Antifungal Treatment: A Mediterranean Pilot Study |
| title_full | The Influence of the Seasonal Variability of <i>Candida</i> spp. Bloodstream Infections and Antifungal Treatment: A Mediterranean Pilot Study |
| title_fullStr | The Influence of the Seasonal Variability of <i>Candida</i> spp. Bloodstream Infections and Antifungal Treatment: A Mediterranean Pilot Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Influence of the Seasonal Variability of <i>Candida</i> spp. Bloodstream Infections and Antifungal Treatment: A Mediterranean Pilot Study |
| title_short | The Influence of the Seasonal Variability of <i>Candida</i> spp. Bloodstream Infections and Antifungal Treatment: A Mediterranean Pilot Study |
| title_sort | influence of the seasonal variability of i candida i spp bloodstream infections and antifungal treatment a mediterranean pilot study |
| topic | seasonality candidemia survey antifungal <i>Candida </i> <i>parapsilosis</i> <i>Candida glabrata</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/5/452 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT paoladicarlo theinfluenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT nicolaserra theinfluenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT ornellacollotta theinfluenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT claudiacolomba theinfluenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT albertofirenze theinfluenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT luigiaprea theinfluenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT salvatoreantoninodistefano theinfluenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT andreacortegiani theinfluenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT giovannigiammanco theinfluenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT teresamariaassuntafasciana theinfluenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT robertavirruso theinfluenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT angelacapuano theinfluenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT consolatomsergi theinfluenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT antoniocascio theinfluenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT paoladicarlo influenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT nicolaserra influenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT ornellacollotta influenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT claudiacolomba influenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT albertofirenze influenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT luigiaprea influenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT salvatoreantoninodistefano influenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT andreacortegiani influenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT giovannigiammanco influenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT teresamariaassuntafasciana influenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT robertavirruso influenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT angelacapuano influenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT consolatomsergi influenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy AT antoniocascio influenceoftheseasonalvariabilityoficandidaisppbloodstreaminfectionsandantifungaltreatmentamediterraneanpilotstudy |