Paradoxical clinical outcomes of severe versus very severe aortic valve stenosis after transcatheter aortic valve implantation? a propensity score matched analysis and review of literature

Background: Very severe aortic stenosis (VSAS) is a critical condition with unfavourable clinical outcomes if left untreated or treated by surgical valve replacement. In contrast, after transcatheter valve implantation (TAVI) outcomes seem to be similar or – paradoxically – even better compared to s...

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Main Authors: Matthias Hammerer, Elke Boxhammer, Erika Prinz, Bernhard Scharinger, Wilfried Wintersteller, Uta C. Hoppe
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-08-01
Series:International Journal of Cardiology: Heart & Vasculature
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352906725001137
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author Matthias Hammerer
Elke Boxhammer
Erika Prinz
Bernhard Scharinger
Wilfried Wintersteller
Uta C. Hoppe
author_facet Matthias Hammerer
Elke Boxhammer
Erika Prinz
Bernhard Scharinger
Wilfried Wintersteller
Uta C. Hoppe
author_sort Matthias Hammerer
collection DOAJ
description Background: Very severe aortic stenosis (VSAS) is a critical condition with unfavourable clinical outcomes if left untreated or treated by surgical valve replacement. In contrast, after transcatheter valve implantation (TAVI) outcomes seem to be similar or – paradoxically – even better compared to severe aortic stenosis (SAS), as indicated by previous studies. Methods: Data of patients from a single centre who underwent TAVI were retrospectively analysed. Patients with concordant AS (n = 475) were divided into SAS (n = 379) and VSAS (n = 96) groups. These groups are compared in terms of procedural (safety) and long-term (efficacy) outcomes, using propensity score matching. In addition, a review of relevant literature is provided. Results: After propensity score matching, 96 patients remained in each group. Procedural outcomes did not differ significantly between VSAS and SAS groups. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed a favourable trend toward lower overall mortality within a mean follow-up of 42 months after TAVI in the VSAS group (hazard ratio, HR, 0.668; 95 % confidence interval, CI, 0.430–1.038). This difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.073), however, it was significant in the subgroups of females (p = 0.045) and patients with NYHA class III (p = 0.043). Conclusion: Our analysis confirms – in line with previous studies – that patients with VSAS represent a substantial subgroup and have at least as favourable or – paradoxically −even better clinical results after TAVI compared to patients with SAS. Therefore, TAVI should not be withheld from these patients.
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spelling doaj-art-69f52b03b5ab48abb4d00ab7c97bc6362025-08-20T02:56:29ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Cardiology: Heart & Vasculature2352-90672025-08-015910171010.1016/j.ijcha.2025.101710Paradoxical clinical outcomes of severe versus very severe aortic valve stenosis after transcatheter aortic valve implantation? a propensity score matched analysis and review of literatureMatthias Hammerer0Elke Boxhammer1Erika Prinz2Bernhard Scharinger3Wilfried Wintersteller4Uta C. Hoppe5Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Austria; Corresponding author at: Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, AustriaDepartment of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, AustriaDepartment of Radiology Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020 Salzburg, AustriaDepartment of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, AustriaDepartment of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, AustriaBackground: Very severe aortic stenosis (VSAS) is a critical condition with unfavourable clinical outcomes if left untreated or treated by surgical valve replacement. In contrast, after transcatheter valve implantation (TAVI) outcomes seem to be similar or – paradoxically – even better compared to severe aortic stenosis (SAS), as indicated by previous studies. Methods: Data of patients from a single centre who underwent TAVI were retrospectively analysed. Patients with concordant AS (n = 475) were divided into SAS (n = 379) and VSAS (n = 96) groups. These groups are compared in terms of procedural (safety) and long-term (efficacy) outcomes, using propensity score matching. In addition, a review of relevant literature is provided. Results: After propensity score matching, 96 patients remained in each group. Procedural outcomes did not differ significantly between VSAS and SAS groups. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed a favourable trend toward lower overall mortality within a mean follow-up of 42 months after TAVI in the VSAS group (hazard ratio, HR, 0.668; 95 % confidence interval, CI, 0.430–1.038). This difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.073), however, it was significant in the subgroups of females (p = 0.045) and patients with NYHA class III (p = 0.043). Conclusion: Our analysis confirms – in line with previous studies – that patients with VSAS represent a substantial subgroup and have at least as favourable or – paradoxically −even better clinical results after TAVI compared to patients with SAS. Therefore, TAVI should not be withheld from these patients.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352906725001137Severe aortic valve stenosisVery severe aortic valve stenosisTranscatheter aortic valve implantationClinical outcomesMortality
spellingShingle Matthias Hammerer
Elke Boxhammer
Erika Prinz
Bernhard Scharinger
Wilfried Wintersteller
Uta C. Hoppe
Paradoxical clinical outcomes of severe versus very severe aortic valve stenosis after transcatheter aortic valve implantation? a propensity score matched analysis and review of literature
International Journal of Cardiology: Heart & Vasculature
Severe aortic valve stenosis
Very severe aortic valve stenosis
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Clinical outcomes
Mortality
title Paradoxical clinical outcomes of severe versus very severe aortic valve stenosis after transcatheter aortic valve implantation? a propensity score matched analysis and review of literature
title_full Paradoxical clinical outcomes of severe versus very severe aortic valve stenosis after transcatheter aortic valve implantation? a propensity score matched analysis and review of literature
title_fullStr Paradoxical clinical outcomes of severe versus very severe aortic valve stenosis after transcatheter aortic valve implantation? a propensity score matched analysis and review of literature
title_full_unstemmed Paradoxical clinical outcomes of severe versus very severe aortic valve stenosis after transcatheter aortic valve implantation? a propensity score matched analysis and review of literature
title_short Paradoxical clinical outcomes of severe versus very severe aortic valve stenosis after transcatheter aortic valve implantation? a propensity score matched analysis and review of literature
title_sort paradoxical clinical outcomes of severe versus very severe aortic valve stenosis after transcatheter aortic valve implantation a propensity score matched analysis and review of literature
topic Severe aortic valve stenosis
Very severe aortic valve stenosis
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Clinical outcomes
Mortality
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352906725001137
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