Experiences of the changing illicit drug supply among racial and ethnic minoritized people in three US states: a qualitative study

Abstract Background Amidst a national surge in overdose deaths among racial and ethnic minoritized people and people who use stimulants (cocaine or methamphetamines), our objective was to understand how these groups are adapting to a rapidly changing illicit drug supply. Methods We conducted semi-st...

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Main Authors: Brendan Saloner, Olivia K. Sugarman, Lauren Byrne, Samantha Harris, Molly C. Reid, Hridika Shah, Eric Hulsey, Adrienne Hurst, Lindsey Kerins, Dionna King, Susan Sherman, Emily Kaner, Daliah Heller, Sachini Bandara
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-11-01
Series:Harm Reduction Journal
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-024-01126-3
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author Brendan Saloner
Olivia K. Sugarman
Lauren Byrne
Samantha Harris
Molly C. Reid
Hridika Shah
Eric Hulsey
Adrienne Hurst
Lindsey Kerins
Dionna King
Susan Sherman
Emily Kaner
Daliah Heller
Sachini Bandara
author_facet Brendan Saloner
Olivia K. Sugarman
Lauren Byrne
Samantha Harris
Molly C. Reid
Hridika Shah
Eric Hulsey
Adrienne Hurst
Lindsey Kerins
Dionna King
Susan Sherman
Emily Kaner
Daliah Heller
Sachini Bandara
author_sort Brendan Saloner
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Amidst a national surge in overdose deaths among racial and ethnic minoritized people and people who use stimulants (cocaine or methamphetamines), our objective was to understand how these groups are adapting to a rapidly changing illicit drug supply. Methods We conducted semi-structured interviews with 64 people who use drugs and who self-identified as Black, Hispanic, Multiracial, or other Non-White race in three states (Michigan, New Jersey, and Wisconsin). Transcribed interviews were coded thematically. Results Most respondents used stimulants alone or in combination with opioids. Respondents perceived that the drug supply had become more unpredictable and dangerous but differed in their personal perception of risk and their adaptations. For example, respondents had very mixed perceptions of their own risk of being harmed by fentanyl, and differing opinions about whether fentanyl test strips would be useful. Xylazine, a novel adulterant in the opioid drug supply that has received public health and media attention, was not well known within the sample. Conclusion Our study highlights the challenges experienced by minoritized people who use drugs in responding to a changing drug supply, underscoring the limits of public health approaches focused solely on individual behavioral change.
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spelling doaj-art-69ea42f0d6af4bdf8bf14c5055c34bb22024-11-24T12:16:54ZengBMCHarm Reduction Journal1477-75172024-11-012111910.1186/s12954-024-01126-3Experiences of the changing illicit drug supply among racial and ethnic minoritized people in three US states: a qualitative studyBrendan Saloner0Olivia K. Sugarman1Lauren Byrne2Samantha Harris3Molly C. Reid4Hridika Shah5Eric Hulsey6Adrienne Hurst7Lindsey Kerins8Dionna King9Susan Sherman10Emily Kaner11Daliah Heller12Sachini Bandara13Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthDepartment of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthDepartment of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthDepartment of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthDepartment of Health Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthDepartment of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthVital StrategiesVital StrategiesVital StrategiesVital StrategiesDepartment of Health Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthPacific Institute for Research and EvaluationVital StrategiesDepartment of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthAbstract Background Amidst a national surge in overdose deaths among racial and ethnic minoritized people and people who use stimulants (cocaine or methamphetamines), our objective was to understand how these groups are adapting to a rapidly changing illicit drug supply. Methods We conducted semi-structured interviews with 64 people who use drugs and who self-identified as Black, Hispanic, Multiracial, or other Non-White race in three states (Michigan, New Jersey, and Wisconsin). Transcribed interviews were coded thematically. Results Most respondents used stimulants alone or in combination with opioids. Respondents perceived that the drug supply had become more unpredictable and dangerous but differed in their personal perception of risk and their adaptations. For example, respondents had very mixed perceptions of their own risk of being harmed by fentanyl, and differing opinions about whether fentanyl test strips would be useful. Xylazine, a novel adulterant in the opioid drug supply that has received public health and media attention, was not well known within the sample. Conclusion Our study highlights the challenges experienced by minoritized people who use drugs in responding to a changing drug supply, underscoring the limits of public health approaches focused solely on individual behavioral change.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-024-01126-3Drug supplyMinoritized populationsOverdose
spellingShingle Brendan Saloner
Olivia K. Sugarman
Lauren Byrne
Samantha Harris
Molly C. Reid
Hridika Shah
Eric Hulsey
Adrienne Hurst
Lindsey Kerins
Dionna King
Susan Sherman
Emily Kaner
Daliah Heller
Sachini Bandara
Experiences of the changing illicit drug supply among racial and ethnic minoritized people in three US states: a qualitative study
Harm Reduction Journal
Drug supply
Minoritized populations
Overdose
title Experiences of the changing illicit drug supply among racial and ethnic minoritized people in three US states: a qualitative study
title_full Experiences of the changing illicit drug supply among racial and ethnic minoritized people in three US states: a qualitative study
title_fullStr Experiences of the changing illicit drug supply among racial and ethnic minoritized people in three US states: a qualitative study
title_full_unstemmed Experiences of the changing illicit drug supply among racial and ethnic minoritized people in three US states: a qualitative study
title_short Experiences of the changing illicit drug supply among racial and ethnic minoritized people in three US states: a qualitative study
title_sort experiences of the changing illicit drug supply among racial and ethnic minoritized people in three us states a qualitative study
topic Drug supply
Minoritized populations
Overdose
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-024-01126-3
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