Effectiveness of Cinnamon Oil Embedded Chitosan–Gelatin Film in Inhibiting <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i>, <i>R. microsporus</i>, and <i>Syncephalastrum racemosum</i> and Controlling Rice Weevil Infestation on Paddy Rice

Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) is a staple food globally, providing a critical food for the majority of the Asian population. However, it exposes risks during post-harvest storage, threatening substantial losses in rice quality and quantity. Hence, this study developed a cinnamon oil–chit...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Lien Thi Kim Phan, Vi Thi Mi Huynh, Nhat Minh Bui, Anh Thi Hong Le
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Foods
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/5/807
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850225618464014336
author Lien Thi Kim Phan
Vi Thi Mi Huynh
Nhat Minh Bui
Anh Thi Hong Le
author_facet Lien Thi Kim Phan
Vi Thi Mi Huynh
Nhat Minh Bui
Anh Thi Hong Le
author_sort Lien Thi Kim Phan
collection DOAJ
description Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) is a staple food globally, providing a critical food for the majority of the Asian population. However, it exposes risks during post-harvest storage, threatening substantial losses in rice quality and quantity. Hence, this study developed a cinnamon oil–chitosan:gelatin film (CO–C:G film) with the parameters as the chitosan:gelatin ratio (C:G = 1:1 and 1:2), cinnamon oil (CO) contents (0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 2.5, and 5.0%) and thickness film levels (0.165, 0.183, and 0.287 mm) to inhibit three fungal species, <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i> 01, <i>R. microsporus</i> 01, and <i>Syncephalastrum racemosum</i> 01, and control rice weevil infestation on paddy rice at a variety of water activities, such as 0.71 a<sub>w</sub> and 0.95 a<sub>w</sub>, at room temperature. The results revealed that at 0.95 a<sub>w</sub>, the fungal growth rate and rice weevil’s mortality were impacted significantly by all parameters of the CO–C:G film (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Especially, the CO–C:G film with 1.25% CO and C:G = 1:1 at a thickness film of 0.287 mm inhibited all observed fungi and rice weevils better than the CO–C:G film’s other parameters. The inhibition of the CO–C:G film for these fungi ranged from 66% to 72.6%. Likewise, 80–100% of rice weevils were mortal when paddy rice was treated with the CO–C:G film on the 12th or 15th day of treatment depending on the water activity of paddy rice grains. The findings of this study provide insights for researchers, agricultural experts, and the food industry, highlighting the need to establish effective and sustainable strategies for rice preservation.
format Article
id doaj-art-69afefeafb5a41bf81c3d26f7ff10bcd
institution OA Journals
issn 2304-8158
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Foods
spelling doaj-art-69afefeafb5a41bf81c3d26f7ff10bcd2025-08-20T02:05:18ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-02-0114580710.3390/foods14050807Effectiveness of Cinnamon Oil Embedded Chitosan–Gelatin Film in Inhibiting <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i>, <i>R. microsporus</i>, and <i>Syncephalastrum racemosum</i> and Controlling Rice Weevil Infestation on Paddy RiceLien Thi Kim Phan0Vi Thi Mi Huynh1Nhat Minh Bui2Anh Thi Hong Le3Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Industry and Trade, 140 Le Trong Tan Street, Tay Thanh Ward, Tan Phu District, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, VietnamFaculty of Food Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Industry and Trade, 140 Le Trong Tan Street, Tay Thanh Ward, Tan Phu District, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, VietnamFaculty of Food Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Industry and Trade, 140 Le Trong Tan Street, Tay Thanh Ward, Tan Phu District, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, VietnamFaculty of Food Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Industry and Trade, 140 Le Trong Tan Street, Tay Thanh Ward, Tan Phu District, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, VietnamRice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) is a staple food globally, providing a critical food for the majority of the Asian population. However, it exposes risks during post-harvest storage, threatening substantial losses in rice quality and quantity. Hence, this study developed a cinnamon oil–chitosan:gelatin film (CO–C:G film) with the parameters as the chitosan:gelatin ratio (C:G = 1:1 and 1:2), cinnamon oil (CO) contents (0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 2.5, and 5.0%) and thickness film levels (0.165, 0.183, and 0.287 mm) to inhibit three fungal species, <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i> 01, <i>R. microsporus</i> 01, and <i>Syncephalastrum racemosum</i> 01, and control rice weevil infestation on paddy rice at a variety of water activities, such as 0.71 a<sub>w</sub> and 0.95 a<sub>w</sub>, at room temperature. The results revealed that at 0.95 a<sub>w</sub>, the fungal growth rate and rice weevil’s mortality were impacted significantly by all parameters of the CO–C:G film (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Especially, the CO–C:G film with 1.25% CO and C:G = 1:1 at a thickness film of 0.287 mm inhibited all observed fungi and rice weevils better than the CO–C:G film’s other parameters. The inhibition of the CO–C:G film for these fungi ranged from 66% to 72.6%. Likewise, 80–100% of rice weevils were mortal when paddy rice was treated with the CO–C:G film on the 12th or 15th day of treatment depending on the water activity of paddy rice grains. The findings of this study provide insights for researchers, agricultural experts, and the food industry, highlighting the need to establish effective and sustainable strategies for rice preservation.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/5/807chitosan:gelatincinnamon oilCO–C:G film<i>R. oryzae</i><i>R. microsporus</i>rice weevil
spellingShingle Lien Thi Kim Phan
Vi Thi Mi Huynh
Nhat Minh Bui
Anh Thi Hong Le
Effectiveness of Cinnamon Oil Embedded Chitosan–Gelatin Film in Inhibiting <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i>, <i>R. microsporus</i>, and <i>Syncephalastrum racemosum</i> and Controlling Rice Weevil Infestation on Paddy Rice
Foods
chitosan:gelatin
cinnamon oil
CO–C:G film
<i>R. oryzae</i>
<i>R. microsporus</i>
rice weevil
title Effectiveness of Cinnamon Oil Embedded Chitosan–Gelatin Film in Inhibiting <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i>, <i>R. microsporus</i>, and <i>Syncephalastrum racemosum</i> and Controlling Rice Weevil Infestation on Paddy Rice
title_full Effectiveness of Cinnamon Oil Embedded Chitosan–Gelatin Film in Inhibiting <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i>, <i>R. microsporus</i>, and <i>Syncephalastrum racemosum</i> and Controlling Rice Weevil Infestation on Paddy Rice
title_fullStr Effectiveness of Cinnamon Oil Embedded Chitosan–Gelatin Film in Inhibiting <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i>, <i>R. microsporus</i>, and <i>Syncephalastrum racemosum</i> and Controlling Rice Weevil Infestation on Paddy Rice
title_full_unstemmed Effectiveness of Cinnamon Oil Embedded Chitosan–Gelatin Film in Inhibiting <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i>, <i>R. microsporus</i>, and <i>Syncephalastrum racemosum</i> and Controlling Rice Weevil Infestation on Paddy Rice
title_short Effectiveness of Cinnamon Oil Embedded Chitosan–Gelatin Film in Inhibiting <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i>, <i>R. microsporus</i>, and <i>Syncephalastrum racemosum</i> and Controlling Rice Weevil Infestation on Paddy Rice
title_sort effectiveness of cinnamon oil embedded chitosan gelatin film in inhibiting i rhizopus oryzae i i r microsporus i and i syncephalastrum racemosum i and controlling rice weevil infestation on paddy rice
topic chitosan:gelatin
cinnamon oil
CO–C:G film
<i>R. oryzae</i>
<i>R. microsporus</i>
rice weevil
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/5/807
work_keys_str_mv AT lienthikimphan effectivenessofcinnamonoilembeddedchitosangelatinfilmininhibitingirhizopusoryzaeiirmicrosporusiandisyncephalastrumracemosumiandcontrollingriceweevilinfestationonpaddyrice
AT vithimihuynh effectivenessofcinnamonoilembeddedchitosangelatinfilmininhibitingirhizopusoryzaeiirmicrosporusiandisyncephalastrumracemosumiandcontrollingriceweevilinfestationonpaddyrice
AT nhatminhbui effectivenessofcinnamonoilembeddedchitosangelatinfilmininhibitingirhizopusoryzaeiirmicrosporusiandisyncephalastrumracemosumiandcontrollingriceweevilinfestationonpaddyrice
AT anhthihongle effectivenessofcinnamonoilembeddedchitosangelatinfilmininhibitingirhizopusoryzaeiirmicrosporusiandisyncephalastrumracemosumiandcontrollingriceweevilinfestationonpaddyrice