Prenatal Exposure to Dibutyl Phthalate and Its Negative Health Effects on Offspring: In Vivo and Epidemiological Studies
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is a low-molecular-weight phthalate commonly found in personal care products, such as perfumes, aftershaves, and nail care items, as well as in children’s toys, pharmaceuticals, and food products. It is used to improve flexibility, make polymer products soft and malleable, an...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Xenobiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2039-4713/14/4/109 |
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| author | Ana R. Quelhas Melissa Mariana Elisa Cairrao |
| author_facet | Ana R. Quelhas Melissa Mariana Elisa Cairrao |
| author_sort | Ana R. Quelhas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is a low-molecular-weight phthalate commonly found in personal care products, such as perfumes, aftershaves, and nail care items, as well as in children’s toys, pharmaceuticals, and food products. It is used to improve flexibility, make polymer products soft and malleable, and as solvents and stabilizers in personal care products. Pregnancy represents a critical period during which both the mother and the developing embryo can be significantly impacted by exposure to endocrine disruptors. This article aims to elucidate the effects of prenatal exposure to DBP on the health and development of offspring, particularly on the reproductive, neurological, metabolic, renal, and digestive systems. Extensive research has examined the effects of DBP on the male reproductive system, where exposure is linked to decreased testosterone levels, reduced anogenital distance, and male infertility. In terms of the female reproductive system, DBP has been shown to elevate serum estradiol and progesterone levels, potentially compromising egg quality. Furthermore, exposure to this phthalate adversely affects neurodevelopment and is associated with obesity, metabolic disorders, and conditions such as hypospadias. These findings highlight how urgently stronger laws prohibiting the use of phthalates during pregnancy are needed to lower the risks to the fetus’s health and the child’s development. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6992121cf7c84e9d98aa8f6a1e31ac4e |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2039-4705 2039-4713 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Xenobiotics |
| spelling | doaj-art-6992121cf7c84e9d98aa8f6a1e31ac4e2025-08-20T02:50:53ZengMDPI AGJournal of Xenobiotics2039-47052039-47132024-12-011442039207510.3390/jox14040109Prenatal Exposure to Dibutyl Phthalate and Its Negative Health Effects on Offspring: In Vivo and Epidemiological StudiesAna R. Quelhas0Melissa Mariana1Elisa Cairrao2Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, PortugalHealth Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, PortugalFaculty of Sciences (FC-UBI), University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, PortugalDibutyl phthalate (DBP) is a low-molecular-weight phthalate commonly found in personal care products, such as perfumes, aftershaves, and nail care items, as well as in children’s toys, pharmaceuticals, and food products. It is used to improve flexibility, make polymer products soft and malleable, and as solvents and stabilizers in personal care products. Pregnancy represents a critical period during which both the mother and the developing embryo can be significantly impacted by exposure to endocrine disruptors. This article aims to elucidate the effects of prenatal exposure to DBP on the health and development of offspring, particularly on the reproductive, neurological, metabolic, renal, and digestive systems. Extensive research has examined the effects of DBP on the male reproductive system, where exposure is linked to decreased testosterone levels, reduced anogenital distance, and male infertility. In terms of the female reproductive system, DBP has been shown to elevate serum estradiol and progesterone levels, potentially compromising egg quality. Furthermore, exposure to this phthalate adversely affects neurodevelopment and is associated with obesity, metabolic disorders, and conditions such as hypospadias. These findings highlight how urgently stronger laws prohibiting the use of phthalates during pregnancy are needed to lower the risks to the fetus’s health and the child’s development.https://www.mdpi.com/2039-4713/14/4/109phthalateplastic contaminantsendocrine disruptorpregnancymaternal–fetal exposure |
| spellingShingle | Ana R. Quelhas Melissa Mariana Elisa Cairrao Prenatal Exposure to Dibutyl Phthalate and Its Negative Health Effects on Offspring: In Vivo and Epidemiological Studies Journal of Xenobiotics phthalate plastic contaminants endocrine disruptor pregnancy maternal–fetal exposure |
| title | Prenatal Exposure to Dibutyl Phthalate and Its Negative Health Effects on Offspring: In Vivo and Epidemiological Studies |
| title_full | Prenatal Exposure to Dibutyl Phthalate and Its Negative Health Effects on Offspring: In Vivo and Epidemiological Studies |
| title_fullStr | Prenatal Exposure to Dibutyl Phthalate and Its Negative Health Effects on Offspring: In Vivo and Epidemiological Studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prenatal Exposure to Dibutyl Phthalate and Its Negative Health Effects on Offspring: In Vivo and Epidemiological Studies |
| title_short | Prenatal Exposure to Dibutyl Phthalate and Its Negative Health Effects on Offspring: In Vivo and Epidemiological Studies |
| title_sort | prenatal exposure to dibutyl phthalate and its negative health effects on offspring in vivo and epidemiological studies |
| topic | phthalate plastic contaminants endocrine disruptor pregnancy maternal–fetal exposure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2039-4713/14/4/109 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT anarquelhas prenatalexposuretodibutylphthalateanditsnegativehealtheffectsonoffspringinvivoandepidemiologicalstudies AT melissamariana prenatalexposuretodibutylphthalateanditsnegativehealtheffectsonoffspringinvivoandepidemiologicalstudies AT elisacairrao prenatalexposuretodibutylphthalateanditsnegativehealtheffectsonoffspringinvivoandepidemiologicalstudies |