Evaluation of Different Drying Methods on the Quality Parameters of <i>Acanthopanax senticosus</i> Fruits

<i>Acanthopanax senticosus</i> (Rupr. and Maxim.; AS) fruit, an underutilized byproduct, possesses significant bioactive potential, yet its quality is highly influenced by drying methods. This study systematically evaluated the effects of five drying techniques, including vacuum freeze-d...

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Main Authors: Chunbo Zhao, Zhiqiang He, Xiaoqian Song, Xiaoning Zhang, Yu Xiao, Jia Yu, Minghui Yang, Zhonghua Tang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Foods
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/7/1100
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author Chunbo Zhao
Zhiqiang He
Xiaoqian Song
Xiaoning Zhang
Yu Xiao
Jia Yu
Minghui Yang
Zhonghua Tang
author_facet Chunbo Zhao
Zhiqiang He
Xiaoqian Song
Xiaoning Zhang
Yu Xiao
Jia Yu
Minghui Yang
Zhonghua Tang
author_sort Chunbo Zhao
collection DOAJ
description <i>Acanthopanax senticosus</i> (Rupr. and Maxim.; AS) fruit, an underutilized byproduct, possesses significant bioactive potential, yet its quality is highly influenced by drying methods. This study systematically evaluated the effects of five drying techniques, including vacuum freeze-drying (VFD), vacuum drying (VD), microwave drying (MD), hot-air drying (HD), and natural drying (ND), on the color retention, bioactive composition, volatile profile, and antioxidant activity of AS fruit. VFD preserved the highest levels of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC), particularly chlorogenic acid, rutin, and quercitrin, leading to superior antioxidant activity. Amino acid analysis indicated that VFD retained the highest concentrations of key essential amino acids, minimizing thermal degradation. Correlation analysis revealed a strong association between TPC, TFC, and antioxidant activity, emphasizing their functional significance. Through multivariate statistical analysis, 12 volatile compounds were identified as potential biomarkers to distinguish AS fruit samples processed using different drying methods, highlighting significant metabolic differences between drying techniques. Overall, VFD emerged as the optimal method for preserving AS fruit’s bioactive integrity, offering valuable insights for post-harvest processing strategies in the nutraceutical industry.
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institution OA Journals
issn 2304-8158
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publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher MDPI AG
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series Foods
spelling doaj-art-698938e53f2049e98d24f32d2152ade22025-08-20T02:15:58ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-03-01147110010.3390/foods14071100Evaluation of Different Drying Methods on the Quality Parameters of <i>Acanthopanax senticosus</i> FruitsChunbo Zhao0Zhiqiang He1Xiaoqian Song2Xiaoning Zhang3Yu Xiao4Jia Yu5Minghui Yang6Zhonghua Tang7College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaHeilongjiang Provincial Institute of Drug Inspection and Research, Harbin 150088, ChinaHeilongjiang Provincial Institute of Drug Inspection and Research, Harbin 150088, ChinaHeilongjiang Provincial Institute of Drug Inspection and Research, Harbin 150088, ChinaCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China<i>Acanthopanax senticosus</i> (Rupr. and Maxim.; AS) fruit, an underutilized byproduct, possesses significant bioactive potential, yet its quality is highly influenced by drying methods. This study systematically evaluated the effects of five drying techniques, including vacuum freeze-drying (VFD), vacuum drying (VD), microwave drying (MD), hot-air drying (HD), and natural drying (ND), on the color retention, bioactive composition, volatile profile, and antioxidant activity of AS fruit. VFD preserved the highest levels of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC), particularly chlorogenic acid, rutin, and quercitrin, leading to superior antioxidant activity. Amino acid analysis indicated that VFD retained the highest concentrations of key essential amino acids, minimizing thermal degradation. Correlation analysis revealed a strong association between TPC, TFC, and antioxidant activity, emphasizing their functional significance. Through multivariate statistical analysis, 12 volatile compounds were identified as potential biomarkers to distinguish AS fruit samples processed using different drying methods, highlighting significant metabolic differences between drying techniques. Overall, VFD emerged as the optimal method for preserving AS fruit’s bioactive integrity, offering valuable insights for post-harvest processing strategies in the nutraceutical industry.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/7/1100<i>Acanthopanax senticosus</i> (Rupr. & Maxim.)bioactive compoundsantioxidant activityvolatile compoundsfunctional foodsbyproduct
spellingShingle Chunbo Zhao
Zhiqiang He
Xiaoqian Song
Xiaoning Zhang
Yu Xiao
Jia Yu
Minghui Yang
Zhonghua Tang
Evaluation of Different Drying Methods on the Quality Parameters of <i>Acanthopanax senticosus</i> Fruits
Foods
<i>Acanthopanax senticosus</i> (Rupr. & Maxim.)
bioactive compounds
antioxidant activity
volatile compounds
functional foods
byproduct
title Evaluation of Different Drying Methods on the Quality Parameters of <i>Acanthopanax senticosus</i> Fruits
title_full Evaluation of Different Drying Methods on the Quality Parameters of <i>Acanthopanax senticosus</i> Fruits
title_fullStr Evaluation of Different Drying Methods on the Quality Parameters of <i>Acanthopanax senticosus</i> Fruits
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of Different Drying Methods on the Quality Parameters of <i>Acanthopanax senticosus</i> Fruits
title_short Evaluation of Different Drying Methods on the Quality Parameters of <i>Acanthopanax senticosus</i> Fruits
title_sort evaluation of different drying methods on the quality parameters of i acanthopanax senticosus i fruits
topic <i>Acanthopanax senticosus</i> (Rupr. & Maxim.)
bioactive compounds
antioxidant activity
volatile compounds
functional foods
byproduct
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/7/1100
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