Efficient Conditions of Enzyme-Assisted Extractions and Pressurized Liquids for Recovering Polyphenols with Antioxidant Capacity from Pisco Grape Pomace as a Sustainable Strategy

The pisco industry generates significant environmental waste, particularly grape pomace, which is a rich source of phenolic compounds. Emerging extraction technologies offer promising alternatives for recovering these bioactive components. This study evaluated enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) and pr...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jacqueline Poblete, Mario Aranda, Issis Quispe-Fuentes
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Molecules
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/14/2977
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849406431470551040
author Jacqueline Poblete
Mario Aranda
Issis Quispe-Fuentes
author_facet Jacqueline Poblete
Mario Aranda
Issis Quispe-Fuentes
author_sort Jacqueline Poblete
collection DOAJ
description The pisco industry generates significant environmental waste, particularly grape pomace, which is a rich source of phenolic compounds. Emerging extraction technologies offer promising alternatives for recovering these bioactive components. This study evaluated enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) techniques using response surface methodology to optimize phenolic compound yield and antioxidant capacity. Specifically, a D-optimal design was applied for EAE, and a Box–Behnken design was applied for PLE. The optimal extraction conditions for EAE were 0.75 U/mL of tannase, 40 U/mL of cellulase, 20 °C, and 15 min. For PLE, the optimal parameters were 54% ethanol, 113 °C, and three extraction cycles. These conditions yielded 38.49 mg GAE g<sup>−1</sup> dw and 50.03 mg GAE g<sup>−1</sup> dw of total polyphenols and antioxidant capacities of 342.47 μmol TE g<sup>−1</sup> dw and 371.00 μmol TE g<sup>−1</sup> dw, respectively. The extracts obtained under optimal conditions were further characterized through chromatographic techniques to determine their phenolic profiles. Seven phenolic compounds were identified: gallic acid, catechin, epicatechin, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, quercetin-3-rutinoside hydrate, quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside, and kaempferol. PLE extracts exhibited the highest concentration of these compounds. These findings demonstrate that recovering antioxidant-rich phenolic compounds from pisco grape pomace using innovative extraction methods is a viable strategy for obtaining functional ingredients and supporting sustainable industrial practices.
format Article
id doaj-art-69149a3de29d490d8e326d79ea385de3
institution Kabale University
issn 1420-3049
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Molecules
spelling doaj-art-69149a3de29d490d8e326d79ea385de32025-08-20T03:36:22ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-07-013014297710.3390/molecules30142977Efficient Conditions of Enzyme-Assisted Extractions and Pressurized Liquids for Recovering Polyphenols with Antioxidant Capacity from Pisco Grape Pomace as a Sustainable StrategyJacqueline Poblete0Mario Aranda1Issis Quispe-Fuentes2Food Engineering Department, Universidad de La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena 1700000, ChileDepartment of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7810000, ChileFood Engineering Department, Universidad de La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena 1700000, ChileThe pisco industry generates significant environmental waste, particularly grape pomace, which is a rich source of phenolic compounds. Emerging extraction technologies offer promising alternatives for recovering these bioactive components. This study evaluated enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) techniques using response surface methodology to optimize phenolic compound yield and antioxidant capacity. Specifically, a D-optimal design was applied for EAE, and a Box–Behnken design was applied for PLE. The optimal extraction conditions for EAE were 0.75 U/mL of tannase, 40 U/mL of cellulase, 20 °C, and 15 min. For PLE, the optimal parameters were 54% ethanol, 113 °C, and three extraction cycles. These conditions yielded 38.49 mg GAE g<sup>−1</sup> dw and 50.03 mg GAE g<sup>−1</sup> dw of total polyphenols and antioxidant capacities of 342.47 μmol TE g<sup>−1</sup> dw and 371.00 μmol TE g<sup>−1</sup> dw, respectively. The extracts obtained under optimal conditions were further characterized through chromatographic techniques to determine their phenolic profiles. Seven phenolic compounds were identified: gallic acid, catechin, epicatechin, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, quercetin-3-rutinoside hydrate, quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside, and kaempferol. PLE extracts exhibited the highest concentration of these compounds. These findings demonstrate that recovering antioxidant-rich phenolic compounds from pisco grape pomace using innovative extraction methods is a viable strategy for obtaining functional ingredients and supporting sustainable industrial practices.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/14/2977pisco grape pomaceefficient conditionsenzyme-assisted extractionliquid pressurized extractionpolyphenolsantioxidant capacity
spellingShingle Jacqueline Poblete
Mario Aranda
Issis Quispe-Fuentes
Efficient Conditions of Enzyme-Assisted Extractions and Pressurized Liquids for Recovering Polyphenols with Antioxidant Capacity from Pisco Grape Pomace as a Sustainable Strategy
Molecules
pisco grape pomace
efficient conditions
enzyme-assisted extraction
liquid pressurized extraction
polyphenols
antioxidant capacity
title Efficient Conditions of Enzyme-Assisted Extractions and Pressurized Liquids for Recovering Polyphenols with Antioxidant Capacity from Pisco Grape Pomace as a Sustainable Strategy
title_full Efficient Conditions of Enzyme-Assisted Extractions and Pressurized Liquids for Recovering Polyphenols with Antioxidant Capacity from Pisco Grape Pomace as a Sustainable Strategy
title_fullStr Efficient Conditions of Enzyme-Assisted Extractions and Pressurized Liquids for Recovering Polyphenols with Antioxidant Capacity from Pisco Grape Pomace as a Sustainable Strategy
title_full_unstemmed Efficient Conditions of Enzyme-Assisted Extractions and Pressurized Liquids for Recovering Polyphenols with Antioxidant Capacity from Pisco Grape Pomace as a Sustainable Strategy
title_short Efficient Conditions of Enzyme-Assisted Extractions and Pressurized Liquids for Recovering Polyphenols with Antioxidant Capacity from Pisco Grape Pomace as a Sustainable Strategy
title_sort efficient conditions of enzyme assisted extractions and pressurized liquids for recovering polyphenols with antioxidant capacity from pisco grape pomace as a sustainable strategy
topic pisco grape pomace
efficient conditions
enzyme-assisted extraction
liquid pressurized extraction
polyphenols
antioxidant capacity
url https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/14/2977
work_keys_str_mv AT jacquelinepoblete efficientconditionsofenzymeassistedextractionsandpressurizedliquidsforrecoveringpolyphenolswithantioxidantcapacityfrompiscograpepomaceasasustainablestrategy
AT marioaranda efficientconditionsofenzymeassistedextractionsandpressurizedliquidsforrecoveringpolyphenolswithantioxidantcapacityfrompiscograpepomaceasasustainablestrategy
AT issisquispefuentes efficientconditionsofenzymeassistedextractionsandpressurizedliquidsforrecoveringpolyphenolswithantioxidantcapacityfrompiscograpepomaceasasustainablestrategy