Effect of disease complex of Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium solani on fungus root rot incidence, nematode reproduction, and enzyme activities involved in defense mechanisms of grafted cucurbit hybrids

This study investigated the interplay between the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Mi), and the fungal pathogen, Fusarium solani (Fs) in grafted cucurbit hybrids (watermelon and sweet melon). Results revealed that Fs root rot incidence was exacerbated when combined with Mi. Nonetheless, t...

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Main Authors: Hosny H. KESBA, Sherif M. EL-GANAİNY, Ali H.H. ALI, Nourhan M.M. HASSNIN
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: AcademicPres 2024-11-01
Series:Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca
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Online Access:https://www.notulaebotanicae.ro/index.php/nbha/article/view/13933
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author Hosny H. KESBA
Sherif M. EL-GANAİNY
Ali H.H. ALI
Nourhan M.M. HASSNIN
author_facet Hosny H. KESBA
Sherif M. EL-GANAİNY
Ali H.H. ALI
Nourhan M.M. HASSNIN
author_sort Hosny H. KESBA
collection DOAJ
description This study investigated the interplay between the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Mi), and the fungal pathogen, Fusarium solani (Fs) in grafted cucurbit hybrids (watermelon and sweet melon). Results revealed that Fs root rot incidence was exacerbated when combined with Mi. Nonetheless, the existence of Fs caused a noteworthy decline in Mi reproduction, affecting hosts that were both resistant and susceptible. Additionally, plant growth suffered more from combined infection than from single pathogens, with the susceptible sweet melon showing greater growth reduction. The study further explored the impact of the disease complex on antioxidant defence mechanisms. Leaf tissues from both grafted hybrids displayed elevated levels of lipid peroxidation (MDA) and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD and APX) upon infection with Fs alone, Mi alone, or both. Interestingly, the susceptible sweet melon exhibited a stronger increase in these defence responses compared to the resistant watermelon. Notably, combined Fs and Mi infection led to the highest levels of MDA, SOD, and APX activity. These findings highlight the complex interplay between Fs and Mi in cucurbit hybrids. While Fs virulence increased with coinfection, Mi reproduction was suppressed. Furthermore, the study suggests that susceptible plants may have a more pronounced activation of antioxidant defence mechanisms when confronted with the combined stress of these pathogens.
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spelling doaj-art-69088621bc894a2b8b62fd9a64c1b1512025-08-20T02:34:49ZengAcademicPresNotulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca0255-965X1842-43092024-11-0152410.15835/nbha52413933Effect of disease complex of Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium solani on fungus root rot incidence, nematode reproduction, and enzyme activities involved in defense mechanisms of grafted cucurbit hybridsHosny H. KESBA0Sherif M. EL-GANAİNY1Ali H.H. ALI2Nourhan M.M. HASSNIN3King Faisal University, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, P.O. Box 420, Al-Ahsa 31982; Cairo University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Zoology and Agricultural Nematology, Giza-12613King Faisal University, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, P.O. Box 420, Al-Ahsa 31982Cairo University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Zoology and Agricultural Nematology, Giza-12613Cairo University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Zoology and Agricultural Nematology, Giza-12613 This study investigated the interplay between the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Mi), and the fungal pathogen, Fusarium solani (Fs) in grafted cucurbit hybrids (watermelon and sweet melon). Results revealed that Fs root rot incidence was exacerbated when combined with Mi. Nonetheless, the existence of Fs caused a noteworthy decline in Mi reproduction, affecting hosts that were both resistant and susceptible. Additionally, plant growth suffered more from combined infection than from single pathogens, with the susceptible sweet melon showing greater growth reduction. The study further explored the impact of the disease complex on antioxidant defence mechanisms. Leaf tissues from both grafted hybrids displayed elevated levels of lipid peroxidation (MDA) and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD and APX) upon infection with Fs alone, Mi alone, or both. Interestingly, the susceptible sweet melon exhibited a stronger increase in these defence responses compared to the resistant watermelon. Notably, combined Fs and Mi infection led to the highest levels of MDA, SOD, and APX activity. These findings highlight the complex interplay between Fs and Mi in cucurbit hybrids. While Fs virulence increased with coinfection, Mi reproduction was suppressed. Furthermore, the study suggests that susceptible plants may have a more pronounced activation of antioxidant defence mechanisms when confronted with the combined stress of these pathogens. https://www.notulaebotanicae.ro/index.php/nbha/article/view/13933cucurbit hybridsdisease complexenzyme activitiesFusarium solaniMeloidogyne incognitanematode development
spellingShingle Hosny H. KESBA
Sherif M. EL-GANAİNY
Ali H.H. ALI
Nourhan M.M. HASSNIN
Effect of disease complex of Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium solani on fungus root rot incidence, nematode reproduction, and enzyme activities involved in defense mechanisms of grafted cucurbit hybrids
Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca
cucurbit hybrids
disease complex
enzyme activities
Fusarium solani
Meloidogyne incognita
nematode development
title Effect of disease complex of Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium solani on fungus root rot incidence, nematode reproduction, and enzyme activities involved in defense mechanisms of grafted cucurbit hybrids
title_full Effect of disease complex of Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium solani on fungus root rot incidence, nematode reproduction, and enzyme activities involved in defense mechanisms of grafted cucurbit hybrids
title_fullStr Effect of disease complex of Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium solani on fungus root rot incidence, nematode reproduction, and enzyme activities involved in defense mechanisms of grafted cucurbit hybrids
title_full_unstemmed Effect of disease complex of Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium solani on fungus root rot incidence, nematode reproduction, and enzyme activities involved in defense mechanisms of grafted cucurbit hybrids
title_short Effect of disease complex of Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium solani on fungus root rot incidence, nematode reproduction, and enzyme activities involved in defense mechanisms of grafted cucurbit hybrids
title_sort effect of disease complex of meloidogyne incognita and fusarium solani on fungus root rot incidence nematode reproduction and enzyme activities involved in defense mechanisms of grafted cucurbit hybrids
topic cucurbit hybrids
disease complex
enzyme activities
Fusarium solani
Meloidogyne incognita
nematode development
url https://www.notulaebotanicae.ro/index.php/nbha/article/view/13933
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